Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2023-09-05 20:05:56 UTC |
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Updated at | 2024-09-03 04:16:57 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0331791 |
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Natural Product DOI | https://doi.org/10.57994/0867 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | Guanidinoacetic Acid |
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Description | Guanidoacetic acid, also known as guanidinoacetate or N-amidinoglycine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids and derivatives. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon), or a derivative thereof. Guanidoacetic acid exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, guanidoacetic acid is involved in the glycine and serine metabolism pathway. Guanidoacetic acid is a primary metabolite. Primary metabolites are metabolically or physiologically essential metabolites. They are directly involved in an organism’s growth, development or reproduction. Guanidinoacetic Acid was first documented in 1995 (PMID: 8547310). Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Guanidoacetic acid (PMID: 8651275) (PMID: 16855203) (PMID: 12701824) (PMID: 34498202) (PMID: 33664666) (PMID: 32936572). |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C3H7N3O2/c4-3(5)6-1-2(7)8/h1H2,(H,7,8)(H4,4,5,6) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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Glycocyamine | ChEBI | Guanidinoacetate | ChEBI | N-(Carbamimidoyl)glycine | ChEBI | N-[Amino(imino)methyl]glycine | ChEBI | N-Amidinoglycine | ChEBI | Guanidinoacetic acid | Kegg | Guanidoacetate | Generator | (Carboxymethyl)-guanidine | HMDB | 2-[[Amino(imino)methyl]amino]acetate | HMDB | 2-[[Amino(imino)methyl]amino]acetic acid | HMDB | a-Guanidinoacetate | HMDB | a-Guanidinoacetic acid | HMDB | alpha-Guanidinoacetate | HMDB | alpha-Guanidinoacetic acid | HMDB | b-Guanidinoacetate | HMDB | b-Guanidinoacetic acid | HMDB | beta-Guanidinoacetate | HMDB | beta-Guanidinoacetic acid | HMDB | Betacyamine | HMDB | Betasyamine | HMDB | Guanidineacetate | HMDB | Guanidineacetic acid | HMDB | Guanidylacetate | HMDB | Guanidylacetic acid | HMDB | Guanyl glycine | HMDB | N-Amidino-glycine | HMDB | [(Aminoiminomethyl)amino]-acetate | HMDB | [(Aminoiminomethyl)amino]-acetic acid | HMDB | Glycocyamine, 2-(14)C-labeled | HMDB | Glycocyamine, ion (1-) | HMDB | Glycocyamine monohydrochloride | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C3H7N3O2 |
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Average Mass | 117.1066 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 117.05383 Da |
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IUPAC Name | 2-carbamimidamidoacetic acid |
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Traditional Name | glycocyamine |
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CAS Registry Number | Not Available |
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SMILES | NC(=N)NCC(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C3H7N3O2/c4-3(5)6-1-2(7)8/h1H2,(H,7,8)(H4,4,5,6) |
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InChI Key | BPMFZUMJYQTVII-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental) | bgnzk@missouri.edu | MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USA | Dr. Bharat Goel | 2023-09-05 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental) | bgnzk@missouri.edu | MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USA | Dr. Bharat Goel | 2023-09-05 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 400 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor ID | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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| Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available | Species |
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Species of Origin | Not Available |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids and derivatives. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon), or a derivative thereof. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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Class | Carboxylic acids and derivatives |
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Sub Class | Amino acids, peptides, and analogues |
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Direct Parent | Alpha amino acids and derivatives |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Alpha-amino acid or derivatives
- Guanidine
- Carboximidamide
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Imine
- Carbonyl group
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Not Available |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Isbrandt D, von Figura K: Cloning and sequence analysis of human guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase cDNA. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 Dec 27;1264(3):265-7. [PubMed:8547310 ]
- Stockler S, Isbrandt D, Hanefeld F, Schmidt B, von Figura K: Guanidinoacetate methyltransferase deficiency: the first inborn error of creatine metabolism in man. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 May;58(5):914-22. [PubMed:8651275 ]
- Mercimek-Mahmutoglu S, Stoeckler-Ipsiroglu S, Adami A, Appleton R, Araujo HC, Duran M, Ensenauer R, Fernandez-Alvarez E, Garcia P, Grolik C, Item CB, Leuzzi V, Marquardt I, Muhl A, Saelke-Kellermann RA, Salomons GS, Schulze A, Surtees R, van der Knaap MS, Vasconcelos R, Verhoeven NM, Vilarinho L, Wilichowski E, Jakobs C: GAMT deficiency: features, treatment, and outcome in an inborn error of creatine synthesis. Neurology. 2006 Aug 8;67(3):480-4. Epub 2006 Jul 19. [PubMed:16855203 ]
- Schulze A: Creatine deficiency syndromes. Mol Cell Biochem. 2003 Feb;244(1-2):143-50. [PubMed:12701824 ]
- Yang H, Zhang P, Xie M, Luo J, Zhang J, Zhang G, Wang Y, Lin H, Ji Z: Parallel Metabolomic Profiling of Cerebrospinal Fluid, Plasma, and Spinal Cord to Identify Biomarkers for Spinal Cord Injury. J Mol Neurosci. 2022 Jan;72(1):126-135. doi: 10.1007/s12031-021-01903-w. Epub 2021 Sep 9. [PubMed:34498202 ]
- Aleidi SM, Dahabiyeh LA, Gu X, Al Dubayee M, Alshahrani A, Benabdelkamel H, Mujammami M, Li L, Aljada A, Abdel Rahman AM: Obesity Connected Metabolic Changes in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Treated With Metformin. Front Pharmacol. 2021 Feb 16;11:616157. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.616157. eCollection 2020. [PubMed:33664666 ]
- Pintus R, Bongiovanni T, Corbu S, Francavilla VC, DessI A, Noto A, Corsello G, Finco G, Fanos V, Cesare Marincola F: Sportomics in professional soccer players: metabolomics results during preseason. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2021 Feb;61(2):324-330. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.11200-3. Epub 2020 Sep 16. [PubMed:32936572 ]
- Ogunade IM, McCoun M: Average daily gain divergence in beef steers is associated with altered plasma metabolome and whole blood immune-related gene expression. Transl Anim Sci. 2020 May 27;4(3):txaa074. doi: 10.1093/tas/txaa074. eCollection 2020 Jul. [PubMed:32734144 ]
- Sasaki C, Hiraishi T, Oku T, Okuma K, Suzumura K, Hashimoto M, Ito H, Aramori I, Hirayama Y: Metabolomic approach to the exploration of biomarkers associated with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One. 2019 Jul 11;14(7):e0219400. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219400. eCollection 2019. [PubMed:31295280 ]
- Kim SY, Kim BK, Gwon MR, Seong SJ, Ohk B, Kang WY, Lee HW, Jung HY, Cho JH, Chung BH, Lee SH, Kim YH, Yoon YR, Kim CD, Cho S: Urinary metabolomic profiling for noninvasive diagnosis of acute T cell-mediated rejection after kidney transplantation. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2019 Jun 15;1118-1119:157-163. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.04.047. Epub 2019 Apr 24. [PubMed:31054449 ]
- Li JZ, Qu H, Wu J, Zhang F, Jia ZB, Sun JY, Lv B, Kang Y, Jiang SL, Kang K: Metabolic profiles of adipose-derived and bone marrow-derived stromal cells from elderly coronary heart disease patients by capillary liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Int J Mol Med. 2018 Jan;41(1):184-194. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3198. Epub 2017 Oct 19. [PubMed:29115374 ]
- Kiyatake I, Nakamura T, Koide H: Urinary guanidinoacetic acid excretion as an indicator of gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats. Ren Fail. 2004 Jul;26(4):339-44. doi: 10.1081/jdi-120039812. [PubMed:15462098 ]
- Kiyatake I, Nakamura T, Koide H: Urinary excretion of guanidinoacetic acid in rats with diabetic nephropathy. Ren Fail. 2006;28(2):177-80. doi: 10.1080/08860220500531161. [PubMed:16538977 ]
- Ostojic SM, Niess B, Stojanovic M, Obrenovic M: Creatine metabolism and safety profiles after six-week oral guanidinoacetic acid administration in healthy humans. Int J Med Sci. 2013;10(2):141-7. doi: 10.7150/ijms.5125. Epub 2013 Jan 3. [PubMed:23329885 ]
- da Silva RP, Clow K, Brosnan JT, Brosnan ME: Synthesis of guanidinoacetate and creatine from amino acids by rat pancreas. Br J Nutr. 2014 Feb;111(4):571-7. doi: 10.1017/S0007114513003012. Epub 2013 Oct 8. [PubMed:24103317 ]
- Baron-Sola A, Sanz-Alferez S, Del Campo FF: First evidence of accumulation in cyanobacteria of guanidinoacetate, a precursor of the toxin cylindrospermopsin. Chemosphere. 2015 Jan;119:1099-1104. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.08.046. Epub 2014 Oct 14. [PubMed:25460748 ]
- Ostojic SM: An alternative mechanism for guanidinoacetic acid to affect methylation cycle. Med Hypotheses. 2014 Dec;83(6):847-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.11.001. Epub 2014 Nov 13. [PubMed:25468046 ]
- Ostojic SM, Vojvodic-Ostojic A: Single-dose oral guanidinoacetic acid exhibits dose-dependent pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers. Nutr Res. 2015 Mar;35(3):198-205. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.12.010. Epub 2015 Jan 7. [PubMed:25622538 ]
- Ostojic SM, Stojanovic M: Guanidinoacetic acid loading affects plasma gamma-aminobutyric acid in healthy men. Eur J Nutr. 2015 Aug;54(5):855-8. doi: 10.1007/s00394-015-0858-5. Epub 2015 Feb 14. [PubMed:25680689 ]
- Hanna-El-Daher L, Beard E, Henry H, Tenenbaum L, Braissant O: Mild guanidinoacetate increase under partial guanidinoacetate methyltransferase deficiency strongly affects brain cell development. Neurobiol Dis. 2015 Jul;79:14-27. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.03.029. Epub 2015 Apr 18. [PubMed:25896543 ]
- Ostojic SM, Stojanovic MD, Hoffman JR: Six-Week Oral Guanidinoacetic Acid Administration Improves Muscular Performance in Healthy Volunteers. J Investig Med. 2015 Dec;63(8):942-6. doi: 10.1097/JIM.0000000000000212. [PubMed:26079223 ]
- Sharideh H, Esmaeile Neia L, Zaghari M, Zhandi M, Akhlaghi A, Lotfi L: Effect of feeding guanidinoacetic acid and L-arginine on the fertility rate and sperm penetration in the perivitelline layer of aged broiler breeder hens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2016 Apr;100(2):316-22. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12372. Epub 2015 Jul 28. [PubMed:26216477 ]
- Ostojic SM: Cellular bioenergetics of guanidinoacetic acid: the role of mitochondria. J Bioenerg Biomembr. 2015 Oct;47(5):369-72. doi: 10.1007/s10863-015-9619-7. Epub 2015 Aug 9. [PubMed:26255041 ]
- Peters BA, Hall MN, Liu X, Parvez F, Siddique AB, Shahriar H, Uddin MN, Islam T, Ilievski V, Graziano JH, Gamble MV: Low-Dose Creatine Supplementation Lowers Plasma Guanidinoacetate, but Not Plasma Homocysteine, in a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Nutr. 2015 Oct;145(10):2245-52. doi: 10.3945/jn.115.216739. Epub 2015 Aug 26. [PubMed:26311810 ]
- Dhayat N, Simonin A, Anderegg M, Pathare G, Luscher BP, Deisl C, Albano G, Mordasini D, Hediger MA, Surbek DV, Vogt B, Sass JO, Kloeckener-Gruissem B, Fuster DG: Mutation in the Monocarboxylate Transporter 12 Gene Affects Guanidinoacetate Excretion but Does Not Cause Glucosuria. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016 May;27(5):1426-36. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2015040411. Epub 2015 Sep 16. [PubMed:26376857 ]
- Ostojic SM: Advanced physiological roles of guanidinoacetic acid. Eur J Nutr. 2015 Dec;54(8):1211-5. doi: 10.1007/s00394-015-1050-7. Epub 2015 Sep 28. [PubMed:26411433 ]
- Ostojic SM: Guanidinoacetic acid as a performance-enhancing agent. Amino Acids. 2016 Aug;48(8):1867-75. doi: 10.1007/s00726-015-2106-y. Epub 2015 Oct 7. [PubMed:26445773 ]
- Ostojic SM, Stojanovic MD, Olcina G: Oxidant-Antioxidant Capacity of Dietary Guanidinoacetic Acid. Ann Nutr Metab. 2015;67(4):243-6. doi: 10.1159/000441198. Epub 2015 Oct 21. [PubMed:26485404 ]
- Schulze A, Bauman M, Tsai AC, Reynolds A, Roberts W, Anagnostou E, Cameron J, Nozzolillo AA, Chen S, Kyriakopoulou L, Scherer SW, Loh A: Prevalence of Creatine Deficiency Syndromes in Children With Nonsyndromic Autism. Pediatrics. 2016 Jan;137(1). doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-2672. Epub 2015 Dec 18. [PubMed:26684475 ]
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