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Record Information
Version2.0
Created at2022-09-08 01:41:25 UTC
Updated at2022-09-08 01:41:25 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0259723
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common Namewikstrotoxin d
DescriptionSimplexin belongs to the class of organic compounds known as rhamnofolane and daphnane diterpenoids. These are diterpenoids with a structure based on one the rhamnofolane or daphnane skeleton. The rhamnofolane and daphnane skeletons are closely related, being formally derived from casbane by two cyclizations (6,10 and 5,14) followed by cleavage of the 1,15 (daphnane) or 2,15 (rhamnofolane) cyclopropane bonds. wikstrotoxin d is found in Daphne genkwa, Pimelea simplex and Stellera chamaejasme. wikstrotoxin d was first documented in 2010 (PMID: 21049973). Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Simplexin (PMID: 32730770) (PMID: 26393897) (PMID: 26102551) (PMID: 35977604) (PMID: 34184103) (PMID: 25535086).
Structure
Thumb
SynonymsNot Available
Chemical FormulaC30H44O8
Average Mass532.6740 Da
Monoisotopic Mass532.30362 Da
IUPAC Name(1R,2R,6S,7S,8R,10S,11S,12R,14S,16R,18R)-6,7-dihydroxy-8-(hydroxymethyl)-4,18-dimethyl-14-nonyl-16-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-9,13,15,19-tetraoxahexacyclo[12.4.1.0^{1,11}.0^{2,6}.0^{8,10}.0^{12,16}]nonadec-3-en-5-one
Traditional Name(1R,2R,6S,7S,8R,10S,11S,12R,14S,16R,18R)-6,7-dihydroxy-8-(hydroxymethyl)-4,18-dimethyl-14-nonyl-16-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-9,13,15,19-tetraoxahexacyclo[12.4.1.0^{1,11}.0^{2,6}.0^{8,10}.0^{12,16}]nonadec-3-en-5-one
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
CCCCCCCCC[C@]12O[C@@H]3[C@@H]4[C@@H]5O[C@]5(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@]5(O)[C@@H](C=C(C)C5=O)[C@@]4(O1)[C@H](C)C[C@@]3(O2)C(C)=C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C30H44O8/c1-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-28-36-23-21-24-27(16-31,35-24)25(33)29(34)20(14-18(4)22(29)32)30(21,38-28)19(5)15-26(23,37-28)17(2)3/h14,19-21,23-25,31,33-34H,2,6-13,15-16H2,1,3-5H3/t19-,20-,21-,23-,24+,25-,26-,27+,28-,29-,30+/m1/s1
InChI KeyJAQJQYMDHBSCKO-JDVVNZBPSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Not Available
Predicted Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Daphne genkwaLOTUS Database
Pimelea simplexLOTUS Database
Stellera chamaejasmeLOTUS Database
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as rhamnofolane and daphnane diterpenoids. These are diterpenoids with a structure based on one the rhamnofolane or daphnane skeleton. The rhamnofolane and daphnane skeletons are closely related, being formally derived from casbane by two cyclizations (6,10 and 5,14) followed by cleavage of the 1,15 (daphnane) or 2,15 (rhamnofolane) cyclopropane bonds.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassPrenol lipids
Sub ClassDiterpenoids
Direct ParentRhamnofolane and daphnane diterpenoids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Daphnane diterpenoid
  • 1,3-dioxepane
  • Carboxylic acid orthoester
  • Dioxepane
  • Ortho ester
  • Meta-dioxane
  • Meta-dioxolane
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Tertiary alcohol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Ketone
  • Orthocarboxylic acid derivative
  • Ether
  • Oxirane
  • Dialkyl ether
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Oxacycle
  • Primary alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Alcohol
  • Organic oxide
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP4.58ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)11.65ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.1ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count8ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area117.98 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count10ChemAxon
Refractivity139.12 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability59.84 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings6ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
HMDB IDNot Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDC00003482
Chemspider ID106372
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound119045
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
General References
  1. Gordon RJ, Hungerford NL, Laycock B, Fletcher MT: A review on Pimelea poisoning of livestock. Toxicon. 2020 Oct 30;186:46-57. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.07.023. Epub 2020 Jul 28. [PubMed:32730770 ]
  2. Guo J, Tian J, Yao G, Zhu H, Xue Y, Luo Z, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhang Y: Three new 1alpha-alkyldaphnane-type diterpenoids from the flower buds of Wikstroemia chamaedaphne. Fitoterapia. 2015 Oct;106:242-6. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.09.017. Epub 2015 Sep 21. [PubMed:26393897 ]
  3. Kulakowski D, Kitalong C, Negrin A, Tadao VR, Balick MJ, Kennelly EJ: Traditional preparation of Phaleria nisidai, a Palauan tea, reduces exposure to toxic daphnane-type diterpene esters while maintaining immunomodulatory activity. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Sep 15;173:273-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.023. Epub 2015 Jun 20. [PubMed:26102551 ]
  4. Hayes PY, Chow S, Somerville MJ, Fletcher MT, De Voss JJ: Daphnane- and tigliane-type diterpenoid esters and orthoesters from Pimelea elongata. J Nat Prod. 2010 Nov 29;73(11):1907-13. doi: 10.1021/np1005746. Epub 2010 Nov 4. [PubMed:21049973 ]
  5. Guo R, Li Q, Mi SH, Jia SH, Yao GD, Lin B, Huang XX, Liu YY, Song SJ: Target isolation of cytotoxic diterpenoid esters and orthoesters from Daphne tangutica maxim based on molecular networking. Phytochemistry. 2022 Nov;203:113358. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113358. Epub 2022 Aug 14. [PubMed:35977604 ]
  6. Yuan Y, Hungerford NL, Gauthier E, Ouwerkerk D, Yong KWL, Fletcher MT, Laycock B: Extraction and determination of the Pimelea toxin simplexin in complex plant-polymer biocomposites using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2021 Aug;413(20):5121-5133. doi: 10.1007/s00216-021-03475-5. Epub 2021 Jun 29. [PubMed:34184103 ]
  7. Namukobe J, Kiremire BT, Byamukama R, Kasenene JM, Akala HM, Kamau E, Dumontet V: Antiplasmodial compounds from the stem bark of Neoboutonia macrocalyx pax. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Mar 13;162:317-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.12.018. Epub 2014 Dec 19. [PubMed:25535086 ]
  8. Kulakowski DM, Wu SB, Balick MJ, Kennelly EJ: Merging bioactivity with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based chemometrics to identify minor immunomodulatory compounds from a Micronesian adaptogen, Phaleria nisidai. J Chromatogr A. 2014 Oct 17;1364:74-82. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.08.049. Epub 2014 Aug 20. [PubMed:25218635 ]
  9. Fletcher MT, Chow S, Ossedryver SM: Effect of increasing low-dose simplexin exposure in cattle consuming Pimelea trichostachya. J Agric Food Chem. 2014 Jul 30;62(30):7402-6. doi: 10.1021/jf5005644. Epub 2014 Jul 3. [PubMed:24823868 ]
  10. Wu SL, Su JH, Huang CY, Tai CJ, Sung PJ, Liaw CC, Sheu JH: Simplexins P-S, eunicellin-based diterpenes from the soft coral Klyxum simplex. Mar Drugs. 2012 Jun;10(6):1203-1211. doi: 10.3390/md10061203. Epub 2012 May 25. [PubMed:22822367 ]
  11. LOTUS database [Link]