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Record Information
Version2.0
Created at2022-09-07 23:02:45 UTC
Updated at2022-09-07 23:02:45 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0257812
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common Name(7s,8s)-11-hydroxy-8-(1h-indol-3-yl)-3,9-diazatricyclo[8.4.0.0³,⁷]tetradeca-1(14),10,12-trien-2-one
DescriptionTilivalline belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 1,4-benzodiazepines. These are organic compounds containing a benzene ring fused to a 1,4-azepine. Tilivalline is a secondary metabolite. Secondary metabolites are metabolically or physiologically non-essential metabolites that may serve a role as defense or signalling molecules. In some cases they are simply molecules that arise from the incomplete metabolism of other secondary metabolites. (7s,8s)-11-hydroxy-8-(1h-indol-3-yl)-3,9-diazatricyclo[8.4.0.0³,⁷]tetradeca-1(14),10,12-trien-2-one was first documented in 2017 (PMID: 28972161). Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on tilivalline (PMID: 28993611) (PMID: 29596433) (PMID: 35073747) (PMID: 34851134) (PMID: 34659176) (PMID: 34582979).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
(7S,8S)-11-Hydroxy-8-(1H-indol-3-yl)-3,9-diazatricyclo[8.4.0.0(3,7)]tetradeca-1(10),11,13-trien-2-oneChEBI
EpitilivallineChEBI
Chemical FormulaC20H19N3O2
Average Mass333.3910 Da
Monoisotopic Mass333.14773 Da
IUPAC Name(7S,8S)-11-hydroxy-8-(1H-indol-3-yl)-3,9-diazatricyclo[8.4.0.0^{3,7}]tetradeca-1(10),11,13-trien-2-one
Traditional Name(7S,8S)-11-hydroxy-8-(1H-indol-3-yl)-3,9-diazatricyclo[8.4.0.0^{3,7}]tetradeca-1(10),11,13-trien-2-one
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
OC1=C2N[C@H]([C@@H]3CCCN3C(=O)C2=CC=C1)C1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C20H19N3O2/c24-17-9-3-6-13-19(17)22-18(16-8-4-10-23(16)20(13)25)14-11-21-15-7-2-1-5-12(14)15/h1-3,5-7,9,11,16,18,21-22,24H,4,8,10H2/t16-,18-/m0/s1
InChI KeyAJZNARCWDDMOPL-WMZOPIPTSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Not Available
Predicted Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of OriginNot Available
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 1,4-benzodiazepines. These are organic compounds containing a benzene ring fused to a 1,4-azepine.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassBenzodiazepines
Sub Class1,4-benzodiazepines
Direct Parent1,4-benzodiazepines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • 1,4-benzodiazepine
  • 3-alkylindole
  • Indole
  • Indole or derivatives
  • 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Secondary aliphatic/aromatic amine
  • Aralkylamine
  • Substituted pyrrole
  • Benzenoid
  • Pyrrole
  • Pyrrolidine
  • Tertiary carboxylic acid amide
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Vinylogous amide
  • Amino acid or derivatives
  • Lactam
  • Carboxamide group
  • Secondary amine
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Azacycle
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Amine
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP3.27ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)9.61ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)1.97ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area68.36 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity97.72 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability35.41 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings5ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
HMDB IDNot Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID113792
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkTilivalline
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound128363
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID156292
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
General References
  1. Tse H, Gu Q, Sze KH, Chu IK, Kao RY, Lee KC, Lam CW, Yang D, Tai SS, Ke Y, Chan E, Chan WM, Dai J, Leung SP, Leung SY, Yuen KY: A tricyclic pyrrolobenzodiazepine produced by Klebsiella oxytoca is associated with cytotoxicity in antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis. J Biol Chem. 2017 Nov 24;292(47):19503-19520. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M117.791558. Epub 2017 Sep 26. [PubMed:28972161 ]
  2. Tobias NJ, Wolff H, Djahanschiri B, Grundmann F, Kronenwerth M, Shi YM, Simonyi S, Grun P, Shapiro-Ilan D, Pidot SJ, Stinear TP, Ebersberger I, Bode HB: Natural product diversity associated with the nematode symbionts Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus. Nat Microbiol. 2017 Dec;2(12):1676-1685. doi: 10.1038/s41564-017-0039-9. Epub 2017 Oct 9. [PubMed:28993611 ]
  3. Wolff H, Bode HB: The benzodiazepine-like natural product tilivalline is produced by the entomopathogenic bacterium Xenorhabdus eapokensis. PLoS One. 2018 Mar 29;13(3):e0194297. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194297. eCollection 2018. [PubMed:29596433 ]
  4. Ledala N, Malik M, Rezaul K, Paveglio S, Provatas A, Kiel A, Caimano M, Zhou Y, Lindgren J, Krasulova K, Illes P, Dvorak Z, Kortagere S, Kienesberger S, Cosic A, Poltl L, Zechner EL, Ghosh S, Mani S, Radolf JD, Matson AP: Bacterial Indole as a Multifunctional Regulator of Klebsiella oxytoca Complex Enterotoxicity. mBio. 2022 Feb 22;13(1):e0375221. doi: 10.1128/mbio.03752-21. Epub 2022 Jan 25. [PubMed:35073747 ]
  5. Yang J, Long H, Hu Y, Feng Y, McNally A, Zong Z: Klebsiella oxytoca Complex: Update on Taxonomy, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Virulence. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2022 Jan 19;35(1):e0000621. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00006-21. Epub 2021 Dec 1. [PubMed:34851134 ]
  6. Rodriguez-Valverde D, Leon-Montes N, Soria-Bustos J, Martinez-Cruz J, Gonzalez-Ugalde R, Rivera-Gutierrez S, Gonzalez-Y-Merchand JA, Rosales-Reyes R, Garcia-Morales L, Hirakawa H, Fox JG, Giron JA, De la Cruz MA, Ares MA: cAMP Receptor Protein Positively Regulates the Expression of Genes Involved in the Biosynthesis of Klebsiella oxytoca Tilivalline Cytotoxin. Front Microbiol. 2021 Sep 30;12:743594. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.743594. eCollection 2021. [PubMed:34659176 ]
  7. Leitner E, Bozic M, Kienesberger S, Cosic A, Landt O, Hogenauer C, Kessler HH: Improved diagnosis of antibiotic-associated haemorrhagic colitis (AAHC) in faecal specimens by a new qualitative real-time PCR assay detecting relevant toxin genes of Klebsiella oxytoca sensu lato. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2022 May;28(5):690-694. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.09.017. Epub 2021 Sep 25. [PubMed:34582979 ]
  8. Greimel TM, Stampfer L, Leitner E, Kienesberger S, Zechner EL, Bozic M, Wagner GE, Unterhauser K, Kitsera M, Hauer AC, Gorkiewicz G, Wurm P, Valitutti F, Hogenauer C, Hoffmann KM: Toxin-Producing Klebsiella oxytoca in Healthy Infants: Commensal or Pathobiont? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2022 Jan 1;74(1):e1-e7. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000003299. [PubMed:34520403 ]
  9. Neog N, Phukan U, Puzari M, Sharma M, Chetia P: Klebsiella oxytoca and Emerging Nosocomial Infections. Curr Microbiol. 2021 Apr;78(4):1115-1123. doi: 10.1007/s00284-021-02402-2. Epub 2021 Mar 3. [PubMed:33656584 ]
  10. Glabonjat RA, Kitsera M, Unterhauser K, Lembacher-Fadum C, Hogenauer C, Raber G, Breinbauer R, Zechner EL: Simultaneous quantification of enterotoxins tilimycin and tilivalline in biological matrices using HPLC high resolution ESMS(2) based on isotopically (15)N-labeled internal standards. Talanta. 2021 Jan 15;222:121677. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121677. Epub 2020 Sep 17. [PubMed:33167283 ]
  11. Hering NA, Fromm A, Bucker R, Gorkiewicz G, Zechner E, Hogenauer C, Fromm M, Schulzke JD, Troeger H: Tilivalline- and Tilimycin-Independent Effects of Klebsiella oxytoca on Tight Junction-Mediated Intestinal Barrier Impairment. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Nov 8;20(22):5595. doi: 10.3390/ijms20225595. [PubMed:31717457 ]
  12. Unterhauser K, Poltl L, Schneditz G, Kienesberger S, Glabonjat RA, Kitsera M, Pletz J, Josa-Prado F, Dornisch E, Lembacher-Fadum C, Roier S, Gorkiewicz G, Lucena D, Barasoain I, Kroutil W, Wiedner M, Loizou JI, Breinbauer R, Diaz JF, Schild S, Hogenauer C, Zechner EL: Klebsiella oxytoca enterotoxins tilimycin and tilivalline have distinct host DNA-damaging and microtubule-stabilizing activities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Feb 26;116(9):3774-3783. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1819154116. Epub 2019 Feb 11. [PubMed:30808763 ]
  13. Pavlikova M, Kamenik Z, Janata J, Kadlcik S, Kuzma M, Najmanova L: Novel pathway of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid formation in limazepine biosynthesis reveals evolutionary relation between phenazines and pyrrolobenzodiazepines. Sci Rep. 2018 May 17;8(1):7810. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26179-w. [PubMed:29773836 ]
  14. von Tesmar A, Hoffmann M, Abou Fayad A, Huttel S, Schmitt V, Herrmann J, Muller R: Biosynthesis of the Klebsiella oxytoca Pathogenicity Factor Tilivalline: Heterologous Expression, in Vitro Biosynthesis, and Inhibitor Development. ACS Chem Biol. 2018 Mar 16;13(3):812-819. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00990. Epub 2018 Feb 13. [PubMed:29389112 ]
  15. Dornisch E, Pletz J, Glabonjat RA, Martin F, Lembacher-Fadum C, Neger M, Hogenauer C, Francesconi K, Kroutil W, Zangger K, Breinbauer R, Zechner EL: Biosynthesis of the Enterotoxic Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Natural Product Tilivalline. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2017 Nov 13;56(46):14753-14757. doi: 10.1002/anie.201707737. Epub 2017 Oct 18. [PubMed:28977734 ]
  16. LOTUS database [Link]