| Record Information |
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| Version | 2.0 |
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| Created at | 2022-09-07 16:55:59 UTC |
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| Updated at | 2022-09-07 16:55:59 UTC |
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| NP-MRD ID | NP0253149 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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| Natural Product Identification |
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| Common Name | 3-methoxy-5-methyl-4-oxohexa-2,5-dienoic acid |
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| Description | Penicillic acid, also known as penicillate or acid, penicillic, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain keto acids and derivatives. These are keto acids with a 6 to 12 carbon atoms long side chain. Penicillic acid has been shown to inhibit alcohol and lactate dehydrogenases by forming covalent adducts with either cysteine or lysine residues at the enzyme active sites. Penicillic acid is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Penicillic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Penicillic acid is a mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. Penicillic acid is rapidly absorbed and extensively metabolized in the liver. This results in increased cellular accumulation of toxic compounds causing nephro- and hepatotoxicity. Penicillic acid is a human health hazard because it can be found on contaminated crops such as corn. It has antibiotic activity and is cytotoxic, hepatotoxic, and carcinogenic. They can also inhibit uptake of anions and cations by these transporters, interefering with the secretion of endogenous metabolites, drugs, and xenobiotics including themselves. Detoxification occurs via interactions with glutathione S-transferases and metabolites are excreted mainly in the urine. Mycotoxins are often able to enter the liver and kidney by human organic anion transporters (hOATs) and human organic cation transporters (hOCTs). 3-methoxy-5-methyl-4-oxohexa-2,5-dienoic acid is found in Aspergillus melleus, Aspergillus sclerotiorum, Penicillium aurantiogriseum and Pseudopenicillium megasporum. Penicillic acid is also mutagenic and can cause DNA single-strand breaks, chromosome aberrations, and inhibition of DNA synthesis. |
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| Structure | InChI=1S/C8H10O4/c1-5(2)8(11)6(12-3)4-7(9)10/h4H,1H2,2-3H3,(H,9,10) |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| Penicillate | Generator | | Acid, penicillic | MeSH |
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| Chemical Formula | C8H10O4 |
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| Average Mass | 170.1626 Da |
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| Monoisotopic Mass | 170.05791 Da |
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| IUPAC Name | 3-methoxy-5-methyl-4-oxohexa-2,5-dienoic acid |
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| Traditional Name | penicillic acid |
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| CAS Registry Number | Not Available |
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| SMILES | COC(=CC(O)=O)C(=O)C(C)=C |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C8H10O4/c1-5(2)8(11)6(12-3)4-7(9)10/h4H,1H2,2-3H3,(H,9,10) |
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| InChI Key | VOUGEZYPVGAPBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| Experimental Spectra |
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| Not Available | | Predicted Spectra |
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| | Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor ID | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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| 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available | | Species |
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| Species of Origin | |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain keto acids and derivatives. These are keto acids with a 6 to 12 carbon atoms long side chain. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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| Class | Keto acids and derivatives |
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| Sub Class | Medium-chain keto acids and derivatives |
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| Direct Parent | Medium-chain keto acids and derivatives |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Medium-chain keto acid
- Branched fatty acid
- Fatty acyl
- Alpha-branched alpha,beta-unsaturated-ketone
- Unsaturated fatty acid
- Acryloyl-group
- Enone
- Vinylogous ester
- Alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone
- Ketone
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Carboxylic acid
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Organic oxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Not Available |
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| Experimental Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Predicted Properties | |
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