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Record Information
Version2.0
Created at2022-09-05 16:58:42 UTC
Updated at2022-09-05 16:58:42 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0216849
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common Name(4z)-7-(acetyloxy)-4-ethenyl-17-hydroxy-6,7,14-trimethyl-3,8-dioxo-2,9-dioxa-14-azatricyclo[9.5.1.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadeca-4,11-dien-14-ium
DescriptionClivorine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tricarboxylic acids and derivatives. These are carboxylic acids containing exactly three carboxyl groups. (4z)-7-(acetyloxy)-4-ethenyl-17-hydroxy-6,7,14-trimethyl-3,8-dioxo-2,9-dioxa-14-azatricyclo[9.5.1.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadeca-4,11-dien-14-ium is found in Ligularia dentata and Ligularia hodgsonii. (4z)-7-(acetyloxy)-4-ethenyl-17-hydroxy-6,7,14-trimethyl-3,8-dioxo-2,9-dioxa-14-azatricyclo[9.5.1.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadeca-4,11-dien-14-ium was first documented in 2013 (PMID: 23937665). Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Clivorine (PMID: 35924956) (PMID: 32500835) (PMID: 31617262) (PMID: 31054999) (PMID: 28650983) (PMID: 27387401).
Structure
Thumb
SynonymsNot Available
Chemical FormulaC21H28NO7
Average Mass406.4540 Da
Monoisotopic Mass406.18603 Da
IUPAC Name(4Z)-7-(acetyloxy)-4-ethenyl-17-hydroxy-6,7,14-trimethyl-3,8-dioxo-2,9-dioxa-14-azatricyclo[9.5.1.0^{14,17}]heptadeca-4,11-dien-14-ium
Traditional Name(4Z)-7-(acetyloxy)-4-ethenyl-17-hydroxy-6,7,14-trimethyl-3,8-dioxo-2,9-dioxa-14-azatricyclo[9.5.1.0^{14,17}]heptadeca-4,11-dien-14-ium
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
CC1\C=C(C=C)/C(=O)OC2CC[N+]3(C)CC=C(COC(=O)C1(C)OC(C)=O)C23O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C21H28NO7/c1-6-15-11-13(2)20(4,29-14(3)23)19(25)27-12-16-7-9-22(5)10-8-17(21(16,22)26)28-18(15)24/h6-7,11,13,17,26H,1,8-10,12H2,2-5H3/q+1/b15-11-
InChI KeyNEHWGXHBNGZJNY-PTNGSMBKSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Not Available
Predicted Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Ligularia dentataLOTUS Database
Ligularia hodgsoniiLOTUS Database
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tricarboxylic acids and derivatives. These are carboxylic acids containing exactly three carboxyl groups.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassTricarboxylic acids and derivatives
Direct ParentTricarboxylic acids and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Tricarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Pyrrolizine
  • N-alkylpyrrolidine
  • Pyrrolidine
  • Tetraalkylammonium salt
  • Pyrroline
  • Alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic ester
  • Enoate ester
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Lactone
  • Alkanolamine
  • Oxacycle
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic salt
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic cation
  • Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP-2.6ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)10.52ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-4.8ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area99.13 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity115.98 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability41.32 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
HMDB IDNot Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDC00002082
Chemspider ID4516111
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound5363807
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
General References
  1. Xia Q, Zhao Y, Von Tungeln LS, Doerge DR, Lin G, Cai L, Fu PP: Pyrrolizidine alkaloid-derived DNA adducts as a common biological biomarker of pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced tumorigenicity. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Sep 16;26(9):1384-96. doi: 10.1021/tx400241c. Epub 2013 Aug 26. [PubMed:23937665 ]
  2. Wu H, Fan D, Cheng J: Development and Validation of an UHPLC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of 32 Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Chinese Wild Honey. J AOAC Int. 2022 Dec 22;106(1):56-64. doi: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsac094. [PubMed:35924956 ]
  3. Song Z, He Y, Ma J, Fu PP, Lin G: Pulmonary toxicity is a common phenomenon of toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids. J Environ Sci Health C Toxicol Carcinog. 2020;38(2):124-140. doi: 10.1080/26896583.2020.1743608. Epub 2020 Apr 27. [PubMed:32500835 ]
  4. Pingili RB, Challa SR, Pawar AK, Toleti V, Kodali T, Koppula S: A systematic review on hepatoprotective activity of quercetin against various drugs and toxic agents: Evidence from preclinical studies. Phytother Res. 2020 Jan;34(1):5-32. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6503. Epub 2019 Oct 15. [PubMed:31617262 ]
  5. Lu Y, Ma J, Lin G: Development of a two-layer transwell co-culture model for the in vitro investigation of pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced hepatic sinusoidal damage. Food Chem Toxicol. 2019 Jul;129:391-398. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.057. Epub 2019 May 2. [PubMed:31054999 ]
  6. Liu W, Li X, Zhou B, Fang S, Ho W, Chen H, Liang H, Ye L, Tang J: Differential induction of apoptosis and autophagy by pyrrolizidine alkaloid clivorine in human hepatoma Huh-7.5 cells and its toxic implication. PLoS One. 2017 Jun 26;12(6):e0179379. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179379. eCollection 2017. [PubMed:28650983 ]
  7. Xiong A, Yan AL, Bi CW, Lam KY, Chan GK, Lau KK, Dong TT, Lin H, Yang L, Wang Z, Tsim KW: Clivorine, an otonecine pyrrolizidine alkaloid from Ligularia species, impairs neuronal differentiation via NGF-induced signaling pathway in cultured PC12 cells. Phytomedicine. 2016 Aug 15;23(9):931-8. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.06.006. Epub 2016 Jun 10. [PubMed:27387401 ]
  8. Ji LL, Sheng YC, Zheng ZY, Shi L, Wang ZT: The involvement of p62-Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidative signaling pathway and JNK in the protection of natural flavonoid quercetin against hepatotoxicity. Free Radic Biol Med. 2015 Aug;85:12-23. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.03.035. Epub 2015 Apr 14. [PubMed:25881548 ]
  9. Ji L, Ma Y, Wang Z, Cai Z, Pang C, Wang Z: Quercetin prevents pyrrolizidine alkaloid clivorine-induced liver injury in mice by elevating body defense capacity. PLoS One. 2014 Jun 6;9(6):e98970. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098970. eCollection 2014. [PubMed:24905073 ]
  10. Li YH, Kan WL, Li N, Lin G: Assessment of pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced toxicity in an in vitro screening model. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Nov 25;150(2):560-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.010. Epub 2013 Sep 14. [PubMed:24045176 ]
  11. LOTUS database [Link]