| Record Information |
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| Version | 2.0 |
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| Created at | 2022-09-03 03:08:06 UTC |
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| Updated at | 2022-09-03 03:08:06 UTC |
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| NP-MRD ID | NP0167537 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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| Natural Product Identification |
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| Common Name | 4-methoxy-6-(2-phenylethenyl)-5,6-dihydropyran-2-one |
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| Description | Kavain, also known as neuronica, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as kavalactones. These are lactones, which is structurally characterized by a benzene ring and a pyranone moiety, linked to each other to form a 4-methoxy-6-(2-phenylethyl)-2H-pyran-2-one skeleton. Kavain is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). How this effect is mediated and to what extent this mechanism is involved in the anxiolytic and analgesic effects of kavalactones on the central nervous system is unknown. Kavain is the main kavalactone found mostly in the roots of the kava plant. In 2016 kavain was shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABAA receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy. A comparative review of in-vivo studies with kavain (and related kavapyrones) to commonly used antiepileptic drugs and mood stabilizers affecting ion fluxes indicates that the kavapyrones are weakly Na+ antagonistic and therefore antiepileptic. Kavain has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels. Kavain and analogs remain interesting for drug discovery against a variety of cellular targets, including P-glycoprotein (Pgp), cytochrome P450 and cyclo-oxygenase (COX) enzymes, among others. The mechanism behind the psychotropic, sedative and anxiolytic actions of kavain and related kavalactones is still debated. 4-methoxy-6-(2-phenylethenyl)-5,6-dihydropyran-2-one is found in Piper methysticum. Direct binding to the benzodiazepine/flumazenil binding site of the GABA-A receptor does not occur with kavain enantiomers. |
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| Structure | COC1=CC(=O)OC(C1)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 InChI=1S/C14H14O3/c1-16-13-9-12(17-14(15)10-13)8-7-11-5-3-2-4-6-11/h2-8,10,12H,9H2,1H3 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| Neuronica | MeSH | | Kavain, (e)-(+-)-isomer | MeSH | | Kavaine | MeSH | | Kavain, (+-)-isomer | MeSH | | Kawain | MeSH | | Cavain | MeSH | | Kavain, (R)-isomer | MeSH | | Neuronika | MeSH | | Kavain, (R)-(e)-isomer | MeSH |
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| Chemical Formula | C14H14O3 |
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| Average Mass | 230.2630 Da |
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| Monoisotopic Mass | 230.09429 Da |
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| IUPAC Name | 4-methoxy-6-(2-phenylethenyl)-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one |
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| Traditional Name | 4-methoxy-6-(2-phenylethenyl)-5,6-dihydropyran-2-one |
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| CAS Registry Number | Not Available |
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| SMILES | COC1=CC(=O)OC(C1)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C14H14O3/c1-16-13-9-12(17-14(15)10-13)8-7-11-5-3-2-4-6-11/h2-8,10,12H,9H2,1H3 |
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| InChI Key | XEAQIWGXBXCYFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| Experimental Spectra |
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| Not Available | | Predicted Spectra |
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| | Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor ID | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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| 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available | | Species |
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| Species of Origin | |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as kavalactones. These are lactones, which is structurally characterized by a benzene ring and a pyranone moiety, linked to each other to form a 4-methoxy-6-(2-phenylethyl)-2H-pyran-2-one skeleton. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Phenylpropanoids and polyketides |
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| Class | Kavalactones |
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| Sub Class | Not Available |
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| Direct Parent | Kavalactones |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Kavalactone
- Styrene
- Dihydropyranone
- Monocyclic benzene moiety
- Pyran
- Benzenoid
- Alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic ester
- Enoate ester
- Vinylogous ester
- Lactone
- Carboxylic acid ester
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Oxacycle
- Carbonyl group
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Organic oxygen compound
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Not Available |
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| Experimental Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Predicted Properties | |
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