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Record Information
Version2.0
Created at2022-09-02 23:09:06 UTC
Updated at2022-09-02 23:09:06 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0164299
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common Name(+/-)-tetrahydroharmine
DescriptionLeptaflorine, also known as tetrahydroharmine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as harmala alkaloids. Harmala alkaloids are compounds with a structure based on harmaline, harmine, harmalol, harman or a derivative of those parents. These parents are beta-carbolines, consisting of a pyrimidine fused to the pyrrole moiety of an indole to form a pyrido[3,4-b]indole. Harmala alkaloids are considered Schedule 9 prohibited substances under the Poisons Standard (October 2015). Tetrahydroharmine (THH) is a fluorescent indole alkaloid that occurs in the tropical liana species Banisteriopsis caapi. A Schedule 9 substance is a substance which may be abused or misused, the manufacture, possession, sale or use of which should be prohibited by law except when required for medical or scientific research, or for analytical, teaching or training purposes with approval of Commonwealth and/or State or Territory Health Authorities. Leptaflorine is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). THH weakly inhibits serotonin reuptake. THH does not inhibit monoamine oxidase B, however two other harmala alkaloids in B. Caapi, harmaline and harmine, are reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase A. (+/-)-tetrahydroharmine is found in Banisteriopsis caapi and Peganum harmala. While THH may not play a significant role in the inhibition of MAO it may contribute psychoactivity indirectly by inhibiting the uptake of Serotonin in platelets and presynaptic neurons.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
TetrahydroharmineMeSH
1,2,3,4-TetrahydroharmineMeSH
Chemical FormulaC13H16N2O
Average Mass216.2840 Da
Monoisotopic Mass216.12626 Da
IUPAC Name7-methoxy-1-methyl-1H,2H,3H,4H,9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole
Traditional Name7-methoxy-1-methyl-1H,2H,3H,4H,9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
COC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C1=C(N2)C(C)NCC1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C13H16N2O/c1-8-13-11(5-6-14-8)10-4-3-9(16-2)7-12(10)15-13/h3-4,7-8,14-15H,5-6H2,1-2H3
InChI KeyZXLDQJLIBNPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Not Available
Predicted Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Banisteriopsis caapiLOTUS Database
Peganum harmalaLOTUS Database
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as harmala alkaloids. Harmala alkaloids are compounds with a structure based on harmaline, harmine, harmalol, harman or a derivative of those parents. These parents are beta-carbolines, consisting of a pyrimidine fused to the pyrrole moiety of an indole to form a pyrido[3,4-b]indole.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassAlkaloids and derivatives
ClassHarmala alkaloids
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentHarmala alkaloids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Harmaline
  • Harman
  • Beta-carboline
  • Pyridoindole
  • 3-alkylindole
  • Indole
  • Indole or derivatives
  • Anisole
  • Alkyl aryl ether
  • Aralkylamine
  • Benzenoid
  • Pyrrole
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Secondary amine
  • Azacycle
  • Ether
  • Secondary aliphatic amine
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Amine
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP2.09ALOGPS
logP1.85ChemAxon
logS-2.8ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)16.3ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)8.82ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area37.05 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity64.46 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability24.93 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
HMDB IDNot Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkTetrahydroharmine
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound159809
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
General References
  1. LOTUS database [Link]