| Record Information |
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| Version | 2.0 |
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| Created at | 2022-04-27 21:57:34 UTC |
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| Updated at | 2022-04-27 21:57:35 UTC |
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| NP-MRD ID | NP0050571 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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| Natural Product Identification |
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| Common Name | Spheroidene |
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| Description | Spheroidene belongs to the class of organic compounds known as xanthophylls. These are carotenoids containing an oxygenated carotene backbone. Carotenes are characterized by the presence of two end-groups (mostly cyclohexene rings, but also cyclopentene rings or acyclic groups) linked by a long branched alkyl chain. Carotenes belonging form a subgroup of the carotenoids family. Xanthophylls arise by oxygenation of the carotene backbone. Thus, spheroidene is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Spheroidene is found in Rhodobacter capsulatus, Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Rhodospirillum rubrum. Spheroidene was first documented in 1989 (PMID: 2551387). Spheroidene is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral (PMID: 17617552) (PMID: 19136077) (PMID: 21604722) (PMID: 2687022). |
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| Structure | COC(C)(C)C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CCC=C(C)C InChI=1S/C41H60O/c1-34(2)20-14-23-37(5)26-17-29-38(6)27-15-24-35(3)21-12-13-22-36(4)25-16-28-39(7)30-18-31-40(8)32-19-33-41(9,10)42-11/h12-13,15-16,18-22,24-28,30-32H,14,17,23,29,33H2,1-11H3/b13-12+,24-15+,25-16+,30-18+,32-19+,35-21+,36-22+,37-26+,38-27+,39-28+,40-31+ |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| (6E,10E,12E,14E,16E,18E,20E,22E,24E,26E,28E)-31-Methoxy-2,6,10,14,19,23,27,31-octamethyldotriaconta-2,6,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,28-dodecaene | ChEBI | | 3,4-Didehydro-1,2,7',8'-tetrahydro-1-methoxy-psi,psi-carotene | ChEBI | | all-trans-Spheroidene | ChEBI | | 1-Methoxy-3,4-didehydro-1,2,7',8'-tetrahydro-psi,psi-carotene | MeSH |
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| Chemical Formula | C41H60O |
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| Average Mass | 568.9300 Da |
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| Monoisotopic Mass | 568.46442 Da |
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| IUPAC Name | (6E,10E,12E,14E,16E,18E,20E,22E,24E,26E,28E)-31-methoxy-2,6,10,14,19,23,27,31-octamethyldotriaconta-2,6,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,28-dodecaene |
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| Traditional Name | spheroidene |
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| CAS Registry Number | Not Available |
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| SMILES | COC(C)(C)C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CCC=C(C)C |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C41H60O/c1-34(2)20-14-23-37(5)26-17-29-38(6)27-15-24-35(3)21-12-13-22-36(4)25-16-28-39(7)30-18-31-40(8)32-19-33-41(9,10)42-11/h12-13,15-16,18-22,24-28,30-32H,14,17,23,29,33H2,1-11H3/b13-12+,24-15+,25-16+,30-18+,32-19+,35-21+,36-22+,37-26+,38-27+,39-28+,40-31+ |
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| InChI Key | FJOCMTHZSURUFA-AXYGSFPTSA-N |
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| Experimental Spectra |
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| Not Available | | Predicted Spectra |
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| Not Available | | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available | | Species |
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| Species of Origin | |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as xanthophylls. These are carotenoids containing an oxygenated carotene backbone. Carotenes are characterized by the presence of two end-groups (mostly cyclohexene rings, but also cyclopentene rings or acyclic groups) linked by a long branched alkyl chain. Carotenes belonging form a subgroup of the carotenoids family. Xanthophylls arise by oxygenation of the carotene backbone. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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| Class | Prenol lipids |
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| Sub Class | Tetraterpenoids |
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| Direct Parent | Xanthophylls |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Xanthophyll
- Ether
- Dialkyl ether
- Organic oxygen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Not Available |
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| Experimental Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Predicted Properties | |
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| General References | - Wirtz AC, van Hemert MC, Lugtenburg J, Frank HA, Groenen EJ: Two stereoisomers of spheroidene in the Rhodobacter sphaeroides R26 reaction center: a DFT analysis of resonance Raman spectra. Biophys J. 2007 Aug 1;93(3):981-91. doi: 10.1529/biophysj.106.103473. [PubMed:17617552 ]
- Gerjets T, Steiger S, Sandmann G: Catalytic properties of the expressed acyclic carotenoid 2-ketolases from Rhodobacter capsulatus and Rubrivivax gelatinosus. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009 Feb;1791(2):125-31. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2008.12.006. Epub 2008 Dec 24. [PubMed:19136077 ]
- Mathies G, van Hemert MC, Gast P, Gupta KB, Frank HA, Lugtenburg J, Groenen EJ: Configuration of spheroidene in the photosynthetic reaction center of Rhodobacter sphaeroides : a comparison of wild-type and reconstituted R26. J Phys Chem A. 2011 Sep 1;115(34):9552-6. doi: 10.1021/jp112413d. Epub 2011 Jun 7. [PubMed:21604722 ]
- Frank HA, Violette CA: Monomeric bacteriochlorophyll is required for the triplet energy transfer between the primary donor and the carotenoid in photosynthetic bacterial reaction centers. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1989 Sep 28;976(2-3):222-32. doi: 10.1016/s0005-2728(89)80234-8. [PubMed:2551387 ]
- Arnoux B, Ducruix A, Reiss-Husson F, Lutz M, Norris J, Schiffer M, Chang CH: Structure of spheroidene in the photosynthetic reaction center from Y Rhodobacter sphaeroides. FEBS Lett. 1989 Nov 20;258(1):47-50. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(89)81612-6. [PubMed:2687022 ]
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