| Record Information |
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| Version | 2.0 |
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| Created at | 2022-03-17 20:47:01 UTC |
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| Updated at | 2022-03-17 20:47:02 UTC |
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| NP-MRD ID | NP0047853 |
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| Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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| Natural Product Identification |
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| Common Name | Tomatine |
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| Description | Tomatine, also known as a''-tomatidine or alpha -tomatine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as steroidal saponins. These are saponins in which the aglycone moiety is a steroid. The steroidal aglycone is usually a spirostane, furostane, spirosolane, solanidane, or curcubitacin derivative. Tomatine is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Outside of the human body, tomatine is found, on average, in the highest concentration in garden tomato (var.). Tomatine has also been detected, but not quantified in, garden tomato and potato. This could make tomatine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Tomatine is found in Apis cerana, Solanum acaule, Solanum demissum, Solanum dulcamara, Solanum etuberosum, Solanum kieseritzkii, Solanum lycopersicoides, Solanum peruvianum, Solanum peruvianum var.chutatum., Solanum putatu and Solanum spp.. Tomatine was first documented in 1971 (PMID: 4362143). It is possible that the increased heart rate comes from alteration of the electric properties of heart cell membranes by positively charged tomatine ions, because of participation in acid-base equilibriums (PMID: 19514731) (PMID: 18835993) (PMID: 10942315) (PMID: 15193398). |
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| Structure | CC1C2C(CC3C4CCC5CC(CCC5(C)C4CCC23C)OC2OC(CO)C(OC3OC(CO)C(O)C(OC4OCC(O)C(O)C4O)C3OC3OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C3O)C(O)C2O)OC11CCC(C)CN1 InChI=1S/C50H83NO21/c1-20-7-12-50(51-15-20)21(2)32-28(72-50)14-26-24-6-5-22-13-23(8-10-48(22,3)25(24)9-11-49(26,32)4)65-45-40(63)37(60)41(31(18-54)68-45)69-47-43(71-46-39(62)36(59)34(57)29(16-52)66-46)42(35(58)30(17-53)67-47)70-44-38(61)33(56)27(55)19-64-44/h20-47,51-63H,5-19H2,1-4H3 |
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| Synonyms | | Value | Source |
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| A''-tomatidine | HMDB | | a-Tomatine | HMDB | | alpha -Tomatine | HMDB | | alpha-Tomatine | HMDB | | Lycopersicin | HMDB | | Tomatidine, glycoside | HMDB | | Tomatin | HMDB | | Tomatine | MeSH |
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| Chemical Formula | C50H83NO21 |
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| Average Mass | 1034.1881 Da |
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| Monoisotopic Mass | 1033.54576 Da |
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| IUPAC Name | 2-[(2-{[4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-{5',7,9,13-tetramethyl-5-oxaspiro[pentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosane-6,2'-piperidine]oxy}oxan-3-yl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy]oxan-3-yl)oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol |
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| Traditional Name | 2-[(2-{[4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-{5',7,9,13-tetramethyl-5-oxaspiro[pentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosane-6,2'-piperidine]oxy}oxan-3-yl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy]oxan-3-yl)oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol |
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| CAS Registry Number | 17406-45-0 |
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| SMILES | CC1C2C(CC3C4CCC5CC(CCC5(C)C4CCC23C)OC2OC(CO)C(OC3OC(CO)C(O)C(OC4OCC(O)C(O)C4O)C3OC3OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C3O)C(O)C2O)OC11CCC(C)CN1 |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C50H83NO21/c1-20-7-12-50(51-15-20)21(2)32-28(72-50)14-26-24-6-5-22-13-23(8-10-48(22,3)25(24)9-11-49(26,32)4)65-45-40(63)37(60)41(31(18-54)68-45)69-47-43(71-46-39(62)36(59)34(57)29(16-52)66-46)42(35(58)30(17-53)67-47)70-44-38(61)33(56)27(55)19-64-44/h20-47,51-63H,5-19H2,1-4H3 |
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| InChI Key | REJLGAUYTKNVJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| Experimental Spectra |
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| Not Available | | Predicted Spectra |
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| Not Available | | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available | | Species |
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| Species of Origin | |
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| Chemical Taxonomy |
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| Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as steroidal saponins. These are saponins in which the aglycone moiety is a steroid. The steroidal aglycone is usually a spirostane, furostane, spirosolane, solanidane, or curcubitacin derivative. |
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| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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| Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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| Class | Steroids and steroid derivatives |
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| Sub Class | Steroidal glycosides |
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| Direct Parent | Steroidal saponins |
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| Alternative Parents | |
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| Substituents | - Steroidal saponin
- Diterpene glycoside
- Spirosolane skeleton
- Oligosaccharide
- Diterpenoid
- Steroidal alkaloid
- Azasteroid
- Terpene glycoside
- Glycosyl compound
- O-glycosyl compound
- Azaspirodecane
- Alkaloid or derivatives
- Oxane
- Piperidine
- Tetrahydrofuran
- Secondary alcohol
- Hemiaminal
- Polyol
- Secondary amine
- Acetal
- Secondary aliphatic amine
- Oxacycle
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Azacycle
- Primary alcohol
- Organonitrogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Amine
- Alcohol
- Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compound
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| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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| External Descriptors | Not Available |
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| Physical Properties |
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| State | Not Available |
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| Experimental Properties | | Property | Value | Reference |
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| Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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| Predicted Properties | |
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| General References | - Friedman M, Levin CE, Lee SU, Kim HJ, Lee IS, Byun JO, Kozukue N: Tomatine-containing green tomato extracts inhibit growth of human breast, colon, liver, and stomach cancer cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Jul 8;57(13):5727-33. doi: 10.1021/jf900364j. [PubMed:19514731 ]
- Seipke RF, Loria R: Streptomyces scabies 87-22 possesses a functional tomatinase. J Bacteriol. 2008 Dec;190(23):7684-92. doi: 10.1128/JB.01010-08. Epub 2008 Oct 3. [PubMed:18835993 ]
- Cayen MN: Effect of dietary tomatine on cholesterol metabolism in the rat. J Lipid Res. 1971 Jul;12(4):482-90. [PubMed:4362143 ]
- Friedman M, Fitch TE, Yokoyama WE: Lowering of plasma LDL cholesterol in hamsters by the tomato glycoalkaloid tomatine. Food Chem Toxicol. 2000 Jul;38(7):549-53. doi: 10.1016/s0278-6915(00)00050-8. [PubMed:10942315 ]
- Morrow WJ, Yang YW, Sheikh NA: Immunobiology of the Tomatine adjuvant. Vaccine. 2004 Jun 23;22(19):2380-4. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.03.022. [PubMed:15193398 ]
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