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Record Information
Version2.0
Created at2022-03-17 19:18:31 UTC
Updated at2022-03-17 19:18:31 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0045356
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common NameOchratoxin A
DescriptionOchratoxin A, also known as OTA or antibiotic 9663, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ochratoxins and related substances. These are a group of chemically related metabolites containing a 3,4-dihydro-3-methylisocoumarin moiety linked through a carboxyl group to L-beta-phenylalanine by a secondary amine bond. Human exposure occurs mainly through consumption of improperly stored food products, particularly contaminated grain and pork products, as well as coffee, wine grapes and dried grapes. Ochratoxin A is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Outside of the human body, Ochratoxin A has been detected, but not quantified in, a few different foods, such as barley, cereals and cereal products, and common wheats. This could make ochratoxin a a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Ochratoxin A toxicity has large species- and sex-specific differences. Ochratoxin A, a toxin produced by Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium verrucosum, is one of the most abundant food-contaminating mycotoxins in the world. Production by Aspergillus melleus, Aspergillus sulphureus and Penicillium viridicatum. Potential contaminant of foodstuffs, especially cereals. Ochratoxin A is found in Apis cerana, Aspergillus melleus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus spp., Aspergillus sulphureus, Penicillium nordicum, Penicillium spp., Penicillium verrucosum and Penicillium viridicatum. Ochratoxin A was first documented in 2001 (PMID: 11513689). The toxin has been found in the tissues and organs of animals, including human blood and breast milk (PMID: 11899122) (PMID: 15056805) (PMID: 16022500) (PMID: 16097797) (PMID: 16293235) (PMID: 16332622).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
(2S)-2-{[(3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carbonyl]amino}-3-phenylpropanoic acidChEBI
(R)-N-((5-Chloro-3,4-dihydro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-1H-2-benzopyran-7-yl)carbonyl)phenylalanineChEBI
N-[(3R)-5-Chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carbonyl]-L-phenylalanineChEBI
N-{[(3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-isochromen-7-yl]carbonyl}-L-phenylalanineChEBI
OTAChEBI
(2S)-2-{[(3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carbonyl]amino}-3-phenylpropanoateGenerator
Antibiotic 9663HMDB
N-[(5-Chloro-3,4-dihydro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-1H-2-benzopyran-7-yl)carbonyl]phenylalanine, 9ciHMDB
Ochratoxin a-bsa conjugate from aspergillus ochraceusHMDB
Phenylalanine - ochratoxin aHMDB
Chemical FormulaC20H18ClNO6
Average Mass403.8130 Da
Monoisotopic Mass403.08227 Da
IUPAC Name(2S)-2-{[(3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-yl]formamido}-3-phenylpropanoic acid
Traditional Nameochratoxin A
CAS Registry Number303-47-9
SMILES
C[C@@H]1CC2=C(C(=O)O1)C(O)=C(C=C2Cl)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C20H18ClNO6/c1-10-7-12-14(21)9-13(17(23)16(12)20(27)28-10)18(24)22-15(19(25)26)8-11-5-3-2-4-6-11/h2-6,9-10,15,23H,7-8H2,1H3,(H,22,24)(H,25,26)/t10-,15+/m1/s1
InChI KeyRWQKHEORZBHNRI-BMIGLBTASA-N
Experimental Spectra
Not Available
Predicted Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Apis ceranaLOTUS Database
Aspergillus melleusFungi
Aspergillus ochraceusFungi
Aspergillus spp.Fungi
Aspergillus sulphureusFungi
Hordeum vulgareFooDB
Penicillium nordicumLOTUS Database
Penicillium spp.Fungi
Penicillium verrucosumLOTUS Database
Penicillium viridicatumFungi
Triticum aestivumFooDB
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ochratoxins and related substances. These are a group of chemically related metabolites containing a 3,4-dihydro-3-methylisocoumarin moiety linked through a carboxyl group to L-beta-phenylalanine by a secondary amine bond.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassPhenylpropanoids and polyketides
ClassOchratoxins and related substances
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentOchratoxins and related substances
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Ochratoxin-skeleton
  • Phenylalanine or derivatives
  • N-acyl-alpha amino acid or derivatives
  • N-acyl-alpha-amino acid
  • 3-phenylpropanoic-acid
  • Alpha-amino acid or derivatives
  • Amphetamine or derivatives
  • Salicylic acid or derivatives
  • 2-benzopyran
  • Isochromane
  • Benzopyran
  • Aryl halide
  • Benzenoid
  • Aryl chloride
  • Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Vinylogous acid
  • Carboxamide group
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Secondary carboxylic acid amide
  • Lactone
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Oxacycle
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organochloride
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP3.18ALOGPS
logP4.61ChemAxon
logS-4.2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.17ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-2ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area112.93 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity101.77 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability40.12 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
HMDB IDHMDB0029399
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB000488
KNApSAcK IDC00003008
Chemspider ID390954
KEGG Compound IDC09955
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkOchratoxin_A
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound442530
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID7719
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
General References
  1. Castellari M, Versari A, Fabiani A, Parpinello GP, Galassi S: Removal of ochratoxin A in red wines by means of adsorption treatments with commercial fining agents. J Agric Food Chem. 2001 Aug;49(8):3917-21. doi: 10.1021/jf010137o. [PubMed:11513689 ]
  2. Schwartz GG: Hypothesis: does ochratoxin A cause testicular cancer? Cancer Causes Control. 2002 Feb;13(1):91-100. doi: 10.1023/a:1013973715289. [PubMed:11899122 ]
  3. Assaf H, Azouri H, Pallardy M: Ochratoxin A induces apoptosis in human lymphocytes through down regulation of Bcl-xL. Toxicol Sci. 2004 Jun;79(2):335-44. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfh123. Epub 2004 Mar 31. [PubMed:15056805 ]
  4. Turesky RJ: Perspective: ochratoxin A is not a genotoxic carcinogen. Chem Res Toxicol. 2005 Jul;18(7):1082-90. doi: 10.1021/tx050076e. [PubMed:16022500 ]
  5. Mally A, Volkel W, Amberg A, Kurz M, Wanek P, Eder E, Hard G, Dekant W: Functional, biochemical, and pathological effects of repeated oral administration of ochratoxin A to rats. Chem Res Toxicol. 2005 Aug;18(8):1242-52. doi: 10.1021/tx049651p. [PubMed:16097797 ]
  6. Ringot D, Chango A, Schneider YJ, Larondelle Y: Toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of ochratoxin A, an update. Chem Biol Interact. 2006 Jan 5;159(1):18-46. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2005.10.106. Epub 2005 Nov 15. [PubMed:16293235 ]
  7. Fuchs R, Peraica M: Ochratoxin A in human kidney diseases. Food Addit Contam. 2005;22 Suppl 1:53-7. doi: 10.1080/02652030500309368. [PubMed:16332622 ]
  8. Scott PM: Biomarkers of human exposure to ochratoxin A. Food Addit Contam. 2005;22 Suppl 1:99-107. doi: 10.1080/02652030500410315. [PubMed:16332628 ]
  9. Patil RD, Dwivedi P, Sharma AK: Critical period and minimum single oral dose of ochratoxin A for inducing developmental toxicity in pregnant Wistar rats. Reprod Toxicol. 2006 Nov;22(4):679-87. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2006.04.022. Epub 2006 Jun 14. [PubMed:16781114 ]
  10. Pfohl-Leszkowicz A, Manderville RA: Ochratoxin A: An overview on toxicity and carcinogenicity in animals and humans. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007 Jan;51(1):61-99. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200600137. [PubMed:17195275 ]
  11. Schwerdt G, Holzinger H, Sauvant C, Konigs M, Humpf HU, Gekle M: Long-term effects of ochratoxin A on fibrosis and cell death in human proximal tubule or fibroblast cells in primary culture. Toxicology. 2007 Mar 22;232(1-2):57-67. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2006.12.008. Epub 2006 Dec 15. [PubMed:17218050 ]
  12. Chung SW, Kwong KP: Determination of ochratoxin A at parts-per-trillion levels in cereal products by immunoaffinity column cleanup and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. J AOAC Int. 2007 May-Jun;90(3):773-7. [PubMed:17580629 ]
  13. Bouslimi A, Bouaziz C, Ayed-Boussema I, Hassen W, Bacha H: Individual and combined effects of ochratoxin A and citrinin on viability and DNA fragmentation in cultured Vero cells and on chromosome aberrations in mice bone marrow cells. Toxicology. 2008 Sep 29;251(1-3):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2008.06.008. Epub 2008 Jun 28. [PubMed:18638518 ]
  14. Amezqueta S, Gonzalez-Penas E, Lizarraga T, Murillo-Arbizu M, Lopez de Cerain A: A simple chemical method reduces ochratoxin A in contaminated cocoa shells. J Food Prot. 2008 Jul;71(7):1422-6. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-71.7.1422. [PubMed:18680942 ]
  15. Cramer B, Harrer H, Nakamura K, Uemura D, Humpf HU: Total synthesis and cytotoxicity evaluation of all ochratoxin A stereoisomers. Bioorg Med Chem. 2010 Jan 1;18(1):343-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.10.050. Epub 2009 Oct 30. [PubMed:19919898 ]