Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2022-03-17 19:18:31 UTC |
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Updated at | 2022-03-17 19:18:31 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0045356 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | Ochratoxin A |
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Description | Ochratoxin A, also known as OTA or antibiotic 9663, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ochratoxins and related substances. These are a group of chemically related metabolites containing a 3,4-dihydro-3-methylisocoumarin moiety linked through a carboxyl group to L-beta-phenylalanine by a secondary amine bond. Human exposure occurs mainly through consumption of improperly stored food products, particularly contaminated grain and pork products, as well as coffee, wine grapes and dried grapes. Ochratoxin A is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Outside of the human body, Ochratoxin A has been detected, but not quantified in, a few different foods, such as barley, cereals and cereal products, and common wheats. This could make ochratoxin a a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Ochratoxin A toxicity has large species- and sex-specific differences. Ochratoxin A, a toxin produced by Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium verrucosum, is one of the most abundant food-contaminating mycotoxins in the world. Production by Aspergillus melleus, Aspergillus sulphureus and Penicillium viridicatum. Potential contaminant of foodstuffs, especially cereals. Ochratoxin A is found in Apis cerana, Aspergillus melleus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus spp., Aspergillus sulphureus, Penicillium nordicum, Penicillium spp., Penicillium verrucosum and Penicillium viridicatum. Ochratoxin A was first documented in 2001 (PMID: 11513689). The toxin has been found in the tissues and organs of animals, including human blood and breast milk (PMID: 11899122) (PMID: 15056805) (PMID: 16022500) (PMID: 16097797) (PMID: 16293235) (PMID: 16332622). |
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Structure | C[C@@H]1CC2=C(C(=O)O1)C(O)=C(C=C2Cl)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C20H18ClNO6/c1-10-7-12-14(21)9-13(17(23)16(12)20(27)28-10)18(24)22-15(19(25)26)8-11-5-3-2-4-6-11/h2-6,9-10,15,23H,7-8H2,1H3,(H,22,24)(H,25,26)/t10-,15+/m1/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(2S)-2-{[(3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carbonyl]amino}-3-phenylpropanoic acid | ChEBI | (R)-N-((5-Chloro-3,4-dihydro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-1H-2-benzopyran-7-yl)carbonyl)phenylalanine | ChEBI | N-[(3R)-5-Chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carbonyl]-L-phenylalanine | ChEBI | N-{[(3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-isochromen-7-yl]carbonyl}-L-phenylalanine | ChEBI | OTA | ChEBI | (2S)-2-{[(3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carbonyl]amino}-3-phenylpropanoate | Generator | Antibiotic 9663 | HMDB | N-[(5-Chloro-3,4-dihydro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-1H-2-benzopyran-7-yl)carbonyl]phenylalanine, 9ci | HMDB | Ochratoxin a-bsa conjugate from aspergillus ochraceus | HMDB | Phenylalanine - ochratoxin a | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C20H18ClNO6 |
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Average Mass | 403.8130 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 403.08227 Da |
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IUPAC Name | (2S)-2-{[(3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-yl]formamido}-3-phenylpropanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | ochratoxin A |
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CAS Registry Number | 303-47-9 |
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SMILES | C[C@@H]1CC2=C(C(=O)O1)C(O)=C(C=C2Cl)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C20H18ClNO6/c1-10-7-12-14(21)9-13(17(23)16(12)20(27)28-10)18(24)22-15(19(25)26)8-11-5-3-2-4-6-11/h2-6,9-10,15,23H,7-8H2,1H3,(H,22,24)(H,25,26)/t10-,15+/m1/s1 |
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InChI Key | RWQKHEORZBHNRI-BMIGLBTASA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Not Available | Predicted Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor ID | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available | Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ochratoxins and related substances. These are a group of chemically related metabolites containing a 3,4-dihydro-3-methylisocoumarin moiety linked through a carboxyl group to L-beta-phenylalanine by a secondary amine bond. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Phenylpropanoids and polyketides |
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Class | Ochratoxins and related substances |
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Sub Class | Not Available |
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Direct Parent | Ochratoxins and related substances |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Ochratoxin-skeleton
- Phenylalanine or derivatives
- N-acyl-alpha amino acid or derivatives
- N-acyl-alpha-amino acid
- 3-phenylpropanoic-acid
- Alpha-amino acid or derivatives
- Amphetamine or derivatives
- Salicylic acid or derivatives
- 2-benzopyran
- Isochromane
- Benzopyran
- Aryl halide
- Benzenoid
- Aryl chloride
- Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Monocyclic benzene moiety
- Vinylogous acid
- Carboxamide group
- Carboxylic acid ester
- Secondary carboxylic acid amide
- Lactone
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Oxacycle
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic oxide
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organochloride
- Organohalogen compound
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Not Available |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Castellari M, Versari A, Fabiani A, Parpinello GP, Galassi S: Removal of ochratoxin A in red wines by means of adsorption treatments with commercial fining agents. J Agric Food Chem. 2001 Aug;49(8):3917-21. doi: 10.1021/jf010137o. [PubMed:11513689 ]
- Schwartz GG: Hypothesis: does ochratoxin A cause testicular cancer? Cancer Causes Control. 2002 Feb;13(1):91-100. doi: 10.1023/a:1013973715289. [PubMed:11899122 ]
- Assaf H, Azouri H, Pallardy M: Ochratoxin A induces apoptosis in human lymphocytes through down regulation of Bcl-xL. Toxicol Sci. 2004 Jun;79(2):335-44. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfh123. Epub 2004 Mar 31. [PubMed:15056805 ]
- Turesky RJ: Perspective: ochratoxin A is not a genotoxic carcinogen. Chem Res Toxicol. 2005 Jul;18(7):1082-90. doi: 10.1021/tx050076e. [PubMed:16022500 ]
- Mally A, Volkel W, Amberg A, Kurz M, Wanek P, Eder E, Hard G, Dekant W: Functional, biochemical, and pathological effects of repeated oral administration of ochratoxin A to rats. Chem Res Toxicol. 2005 Aug;18(8):1242-52. doi: 10.1021/tx049651p. [PubMed:16097797 ]
- Ringot D, Chango A, Schneider YJ, Larondelle Y: Toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of ochratoxin A, an update. Chem Biol Interact. 2006 Jan 5;159(1):18-46. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2005.10.106. Epub 2005 Nov 15. [PubMed:16293235 ]
- Fuchs R, Peraica M: Ochratoxin A in human kidney diseases. Food Addit Contam. 2005;22 Suppl 1:53-7. doi: 10.1080/02652030500309368. [PubMed:16332622 ]
- Scott PM: Biomarkers of human exposure to ochratoxin A. Food Addit Contam. 2005;22 Suppl 1:99-107. doi: 10.1080/02652030500410315. [PubMed:16332628 ]
- Patil RD, Dwivedi P, Sharma AK: Critical period and minimum single oral dose of ochratoxin A for inducing developmental toxicity in pregnant Wistar rats. Reprod Toxicol. 2006 Nov;22(4):679-87. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2006.04.022. Epub 2006 Jun 14. [PubMed:16781114 ]
- Pfohl-Leszkowicz A, Manderville RA: Ochratoxin A: An overview on toxicity and carcinogenicity in animals and humans. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007 Jan;51(1):61-99. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200600137. [PubMed:17195275 ]
- Schwerdt G, Holzinger H, Sauvant C, Konigs M, Humpf HU, Gekle M: Long-term effects of ochratoxin A on fibrosis and cell death in human proximal tubule or fibroblast cells in primary culture. Toxicology. 2007 Mar 22;232(1-2):57-67. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2006.12.008. Epub 2006 Dec 15. [PubMed:17218050 ]
- Chung SW, Kwong KP: Determination of ochratoxin A at parts-per-trillion levels in cereal products by immunoaffinity column cleanup and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. J AOAC Int. 2007 May-Jun;90(3):773-7. [PubMed:17580629 ]
- Bouslimi A, Bouaziz C, Ayed-Boussema I, Hassen W, Bacha H: Individual and combined effects of ochratoxin A and citrinin on viability and DNA fragmentation in cultured Vero cells and on chromosome aberrations in mice bone marrow cells. Toxicology. 2008 Sep 29;251(1-3):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2008.06.008. Epub 2008 Jun 28. [PubMed:18638518 ]
- Amezqueta S, Gonzalez-Penas E, Lizarraga T, Murillo-Arbizu M, Lopez de Cerain A: A simple chemical method reduces ochratoxin A in contaminated cocoa shells. J Food Prot. 2008 Jul;71(7):1422-6. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-71.7.1422. [PubMed:18680942 ]
- Cramer B, Harrer H, Nakamura K, Uemura D, Humpf HU: Total synthesis and cytotoxicity evaluation of all ochratoxin A stereoisomers. Bioorg Med Chem. 2010 Jan 1;18(1):343-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.10.050. Epub 2009 Oct 30. [PubMed:19919898 ]
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