Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2022-02-14 20:33:36 UTC |
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Updated at | 2022-03-10 22:20:54 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0044240 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | Gamma-linolenic acid |
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Description | Gamma-Linolenic acid is also known as 18:3 (N-6), gamolenic acid or gamma-linolensaeure. It is an omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) also referred to as 9,12-octadecatrienoic acid (cis-6, cis-9, cis-12- octadecatrienoic acid). It belongs to the class of organic compounds known as lineolic acids and derivatives. These are derivatives of lineolic acid. Lineolic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 18 carbon long fatty acid, with two CC double bonds at the 9- and 12-positions. Gamma-Linolenic acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. It is found largely in human milk and other botanical sources. Gamma-Linolenic acid is found in varying amounts in edible hemp seeds, oats, barley and spirulina. Gamma-linolenic acid is one of the unsaturated fatty acids found in the oil of cannabis seeds (PMID: 6991645 ). Gamolenic acid is also found in some fungal sources and is present naturally in the form of triglycerides. Gamolenic acid may be found in over-the-counter dietary supplements. Gamma-Linolenic acid is an omega-6 fatty acid produced in the body as the delta 6-desaturase metabolite of linoleic acid. It is converted into dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, a biosynthetic precursor of monoenoic prostaglandins such as Prostaglandin E1(PGE1). Evening primrose oil, containing 7-14% gamma-linolenic acid, has been investigated for clinical use in menopausal syndrome, diabetic neuropathy, breast pain (PMID: 27083549 ) And eczema. It has been questioned if evening primrose oil, containing gamma-linolenic acid, helped alleviate atopic eczema (PMID: 14670851 ). However, its effectiveness in treating eczema was demonstrated in a study where the topical application of borage seed oil (with higher concentrations of gamma linolenic acid than evening primrose oil) reduced symptoms of atopic dermatitis in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (PMID: 18078406 ).Various clinical indications of gamolenic acid have been studied, including rheumatoid arthritis, atopic eczema, acute respiratory distress syndrome, asthma, premenstrual syndrome, cardiovascular disease, ulcerative colitis, ADHD, cancer, osteoporosis, diabetic neuropathy, and insomnia ( PMID: 27083549 ; PMID: 27083549 ). | Read more...
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Structure | CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC(O)=O InChI=1S/C18H30O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20/h6-7,9-10,12-13H,2-5,8,11,14-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20)/b7-6-,10-9-,13-12- |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(6,9,12)-Linolenic acid | ChEBI | (6Z,9Z,12Z)-Octadecatrienoic acid | ChEBI | (Z,Z,Z)-6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid | ChEBI | 18:3 (N-6) | ChEBI | 6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid | ChEBI | 6-cis,9-cis,12-cis-Octadecatrienoic acid | ChEBI | all-cis-6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid | ChEBI | C18:3 (N-6) | ChEBI | C18:3, N-6,9,12 all-cis | ChEBI | cis-Delta(6,9,12)-Octadecatrienoic acid | ChEBI | gamma-Linolensaeure | ChEBI | Gamoleic acid | ChEBI | Gamolenic acid | ChEBI | GLA | ChEBI | Octadeca-6,9,12-triensaeure | ChEBI | (6,9,12)-Linolenate | Generator | (6Z,9Z,12Z)-Octadecatrienoate | Generator | (Z,Z,Z)-6,9,12-Octadecatrienoate | Generator | 6,9,12-Octadecatrienoate | Generator | 6-cis,9-cis,12-cis-Octadecatrienoate | Generator | all-cis-6,9,12-Octadecatrienoate | Generator | cis-delta(6,9,12)-Octadecatrienoate | Generator | cis-Δ(6,9,12)-octadecatrienoate | Generator | cis-Δ(6,9,12)-octadecatrienoic acid | Generator | g-Linolensaeure | Generator | Γ-linolensaeure | Generator | Gamoleate | Generator | Gamolenate | Generator | g-Linolenate | Generator | g-Linolenic acid | Generator | gamma-Linolenate | Generator | Γ-linolenate | Generator | Γ-linolenic acid | Generator | 6(Z),9(Z),12(Z)-Octadecatrienoate | HMDB | 6(Z),9(Z),12(Z)-Octadecatrienoic acid | HMDB | 6,9,12-all-cis-Octadecatrienoate | HMDB | 6,9,12-all-cis-Octadecatrienoic acid | HMDB | 6Z,9Z,12Z-Octadecatrienoate | HMDB | 6Z,9Z,12Z-Octadecatrienoic acid | HMDB | gamma-Llnolenic acid | HMDB | Ligla | HMDB | Acid, gamma-linolenic | HMDB | Acid, gamolenic | HMDB | gamma Linolenic acid | HMDB | FA(18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)) | HMDB | FA(18:3n6) | HMDB | Linolenate | HMDB | gamma-Linolenic acid | KEGG | (6Z,9Z,12Z)-6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid | PhytoBank | (Z,Z,Z)-6,9,12-Octatrienoic acid | PhytoBank | cis,cis,cis-6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid | PhytoBank | cis-6,cis-9,cis-12-Octadecatrienoic acid | PhytoBank |
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Chemical Formula | C18H30O2 |
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Average Mass | 278.4296 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 278.22458 Da |
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IUPAC Name | (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadeca-6,9,12-trienoic acid |
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Traditional Name | gamma linolenic acid |
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CAS Registry Number | 506-26-3 |
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SMILES | CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C18H30O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20/h6-7,9-10,12-13H,2-5,8,11,14-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20)/b7-6-,10-9-,13-12- |
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InChI Key | VZCCETWTMQHEPK-QNEBEIHSSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Not Available |
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Predicted Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor ID | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
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Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available |
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Species |
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Species of Origin | | Show more...
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as lineolic acids and derivatives. These are derivatives of lineolic acid. Lineolic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 18 carbon long fatty acid, with two CC double bonds at the 9- and 12-positions. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Fatty Acyls |
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Sub Class | Lineolic acids and derivatives |
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Direct Parent | Lineolic acids and derivatives |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Octadecanoid
- Long-chain fatty acid
- Fatty acid
- Unsaturated fatty acid
- Straight chain fatty acid
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Not Available |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Predicted Properties | |
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