| Description | Daucosterol is also known as eleutheroside a or alexandrin. Daucosterol is a secondary metabolite. Secondary metabolites are metabolically or physiologically non-essential metabolites that may serve a role as defense or signalling molecules. In some cases they are simply molecules that arise from the incomplete metabolism of other secondary metabolites. beta-sitosteryl-3-O-beta-glucopiranoside is found in Abies koreana, Vachellia pennatula, Acacia suma, Acaena splendens, Acanthus ilicifolius, Acer mandshuricum, Aceraceae nikoense, Achillea millefolium, Achlys triphylla, Spilanthes paniculata, Aconitum japonicum, Aconitum karakolicum, Acorus calamus, Acritopappus longifolius, Actaea cimicifuga, Actinidia chinensis, Actiniopteris australis, Adenophora stricta, Adenophora triphylla, Justicia adhatoda, Aeginetia indica, Aegle marmelos, Aesculus chinensis, Tagetes erecta, Aglaia elliptica, Aglaia foveolata, Aglaia odorata, Aglaomorpha quercifolia, Ailanthus altissima, Ailanthus triphysa, Ajania nubigena, Ajuga taiwanensis, Alangium platanifolium, Alchornea laxiflora, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Allagopappus dichotomus, Allagopappus viscosissimus, Allium cepa, Allium chinense, Allium fistulosum, Allium victorialis, Alnus japonica, Aloe vera, Alpinia roxburghii, Alyxia sinensis, Amaranthus spinosus, Amsonia elliptica, Amsonia tomentosa, Anaphalis lactea, Anastatica hierochuntica, Anemone cernua, Anemone tomentosa, Angelica dahurica, Annona cherimola, Annona glabra, Annona montana, Anthocleista vogelii, Apis cerana, Apocynum venetum, Arachis hypogaea, Arachniodes standishii, Aralia elata, Aralia leschenaultii, Arctostaphylos patula, Ardisia elliptica, Arenaria kansuensis, Arisaema amurense, Aristolochia chamissonis, Aristolochia chilensis, Aristolochia clematitis, Aristolochia cucurbitifolia, Aristolochia elegans, Aristolochia heterophylla, Aristolochia liukiuensis, Aristolochia manshuriensis, Artemisia arborescens, Artemisia eriopoda, Artemisia feddei, Artemisia giraldii, Artemisia herba-alba, Artemisia igniaria, Artemisia keiskeana, Artemisia phaeolepis, Artemisia roxburghiana, Artemisia rubripes, Arum italicum, Arundo donax, Asarum petelotii, Asimina parviflora, Asparagus adscendens, Asparagus officinalis, Asplenium indicum, Aster koraiensis, Aster tataricus, Asteriscus sericeus, Astilbe chinensis, Astilbe rubra, Astragalus coluteocarpus, Astragalus macropus, Astragalus mongholicus, Astragalus schahrudensis, Astragalus sieversianus, Astragalus tragacantha, Atractylodes macrocephala, Atropa acuminata, Azadirachta indica, Bacopa monnieri, Picradeniopsis pringlei, Bauhinia forficata, Bauhinia purpurea, Begonia malabarica, Berchemia pakistanica, Berchemia racemosa, Betula alnoides, Bidens bipinnata, Biebersteinia heterostemon, Bituminaria bituminosa, Boerhavia diffusa, Boschniakia rossica, Brandisia hancei, Breynia fruticosa, Brosimum gaudichaudii, Brucea javanica, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Bryonia alba, Buddleja fallowiana, Bulbophyllum odoratissimum, Bursera graveolens, Byrsonima crassifolia, Calophyllum polyanthum, Calycanthus chinensis, Calyptranthes pallens, Camellia japonica, Campylospermum flavum, Canella winterana, Capparis spinosa, Caraipa densifolia, Carpesium longifolium, Carpesium macrocephalum, Carthamus mareoticus, Carthamus tinctorius, Caryopteris tangutica, Casearia membranacea, Cassia fistula, Cassytha filiformis, Castanopsis fissa, Catha edulis, Cedrelopsis grevei, Cedrus deodara, Ceiba pentandra, Celastrus flagellaris, Celosia argentea, Centaurea arenaria, Centaurea aspera, Centaurea cadmea, Centaurea horrida, Centaurea imperialis, Centaurea jacea, Centaurea langei, Centaurea regia, Centella asiatica, Chamaecyparis formosensis, Chenopodium ficifolium, Chione venosa, Chromolaena odorata, Chrysosplenium flagelliferum, Cinnamomum camphora, Cinnamomum kotoense, Cinnamomum subavenium, Cinnamomum tenuifolium, Cirsium palustre, Cistanche salsa, Citrullus colocynthis, Citrus hystrix, Citrus japonica, Citrus maxima, Clausena excavata, Clematis montana, Clerodendrum colebrookianum, Coelogyne ovalis, Coniogramme japonica, Conyza bonariensis, Corchorus capsularis, Corchorus depressus, Corchorus olitorius, Cordia oncocalyx, Cordia trichotoma, Cornus capitata, Corymbia citriodora, Cousinia canescens, Crataegus flava, Crataegus pinnatifida, Crateva religiosa, Cratoxylum cochinchinense, Cremanthodium discoideum, Cremastra appendiculata, Crepis capillaris, Croton cajucara, Croton glabellus, Croton laevigatus, Croton lechleri, Croton urucurana, Cryptolepis obtusa, Cucumis sativus, Cullen corylifolium, Cuphea wrightii, Curculigo orchioides, Cyanotis arachnoidea, Cyathula officinalis, Cyclospermum leptophyllum, Cydonia oblonga, Cymbopogon martinii, Cynanchum bungei, Cynara humilis, Cynomorium songaricum, Dalbergia lanceolaria, Daphne oleoides, Datisca glomerata, Daucus carota, Delphinium venulosum, Dendrobium cariniferum, Dendrobium chryseum, Dendrobium nobile Lindl. , Dendrobium thyrsiflorum, Dendrobium tosaense, Dendropanax trifidus, Desmostachya bipinnata, Deutzia corymbosa, Dialium excelsum, Dianthus chinensis, Dimocarpus fumatus, Dioscorea bulbifera, Dioscorea membranacea, Dioscorea oppositifolia, Dipsacus inermis, Dischidia formosana, Disporopsis aspera, Inula viscosa , Dodonaea viscosa, Dorstenia angusticornis, Dorstenia barteri, Dorstenia brasiliensis, Dorstenia elliptica, Dorstenia mannii, Dorstenia prorepens, Dorstenia psilurus, Dracaena cochinchinensis, Drypetes indica, Inula cappa , Duranta erecta, Dysphania graveolens, Echinops echinatus, Echinops ritro, Eleusine indica, Eleutherococcus brachypus, Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus, Elliottia paniculata, Elsholtzia ciliata, Embelia ribes, Enkianthus campanulatus, Enkianthus cernuus, Entodon luridus, Epimedium sagittatum, Eremurus chinensis, Erigeron canadensis, Eriogonum umbellatum, Tabernaemontana divaricata, Erythrina sigmoidea, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus robusta, Eucalyptus saligna, Euchresta formosana, Tetradium glabrifolium, Tetradium daniellii, Euonymus echinatus, Euphorbia aleppica, Euphorbia dendroides, Euphorbia ebracteolata, Euphorbia esula, Euphorbia kansui, Euphorbia macroclada, Euphorbia rothiana, Euptelea polyandra, Eurycoma longifolia, Evolvulus nummularius, Eysenhardtia platycarpa, Fagopyrum tataricum, Fatsia japonica, Fibraurea tinctoria, Ficus conraui, Ficus glumosa, Ficus lyrata, Ficus microcarpa, Ficus mucuso, Ficus pandurata, Ficus polita, Ficus pumila, Ficus sagittata, Flacourtia indica, Flavoparmelia caperata, Moghania macrophylla, Flemingia stricta, Flueggea tinctoria, Flueggea virosa, Foeniculum vulgare, Forsythia suspensa, Fraxinus malacophylla, Fraxinus ornus, Fritillaria thunbergii, Fritillaria verticillata, Galega officinalis, Galphimia glauca, Ganoderma applanatum, Gastrodia elata, Gentiana algida, Gentiana lutea L. , Gentiana macrophylla, Gentiana scabra, Gentiana siphonantha, Gentiana tibetica, Glochidion zeylanicum, Gnetum montanum, Goniothalamus sesquipedalis, Gonocaryum calleryanum, Tanacetum ferulaceum, Grewia bicolor, Guaiacum officinale, Gymnotheca involucrata, Gynura japonica, Halenia elliptica, Halimodendron halodendron, Halocharis hispida, Hansenia weberbaueriana, Harrisonia perforata, Hebanthe eriantha, Hedera nepalensis, Hedera rhombea, Hedychium coronarium, Helianthus annuus, Helianthus radula, Helichrysum arenarium, Helichrysum stoechas, Helicteres angustifolia, Helicteres isora, Heliotropium indicum, Helwingia chinensis, Schefflera venulosa, Heracleum wolongense, Heteropanax fragrans, Hibiscus moscheutos, Hoodia gordonii, Houttuynia cordata, Humulus lupulus, Hydrastis canadensis, Hymenaea martiana, Hymenidium davidii, Hymenodictyon floribundum, Hyoscyamus niger , Hypericum erectum, Hypericum geminiflorum, Hypericum monogynum, Hypericum perforatum, Mesosphaerum suaveolens, Icacina senegalensis, Incarvillea delavayi, Inula grantioides, Inula japonica, Iostephane heterophylla, Iphiona scabra, Ipomoea carnea, Pharbitis nil , Iresine diffusa, Iris domestica, Iris leptophylla, Iris tectorum, Isodon angustifolius, Isodon coetsa, Isodon glutinosus, Isodon japonicus, Isodon rubescens, Isodon sculponeatus, Isodon umbrosus, Ixora coccinea, Jatropha maheshwarii, Juncus effusus, Juniperus formosana, Himalaiella deltoidea, Justicia diffusa, Justicia flava, Kadsura ananosma, Kaempferia angustifolia, Khaya senegalensis, Koelreuteria paniculata, Koenigia coriaria, Krameria bicolor, Lactuca sativa, Lagerstroemia speciosa, Lagotis yunnanensis, Laportea ovalifolia, Lavandula canariensis, Lawsonia inermis, Leontopodium nanum, Lepechinia caulescens, Leptopus chinensis, Leucas inflata, Liatris aspera, Licania pyrifolia, Licaria triandra, Ligularia atroviolacea, Ligularia dolichobotrys, Ligularia duciformis, Ligularia hodgsonii, Ligularia intermedia, Ligularia macrophylla, Ligularia sagitta, Ligularia tongolensis, Ligusticum porteri, Ligustrum obtusifolium, Lilium brownii, Lilium candidum, Limonium axillare, Limonium wrightii, Linaria vulgaris, Lindera communis, Lindera glauca, Linum usitatissimum, Liriope spicata, Lonicera hypoleuca, Lotus creticus, Lupinus pubescens, Lyonia ovalifolia, Lysimachia japonica, Dolichandra unguis-cati, Machilus japonica, Maesopsis eminii, Magnolia grandiflora, Magnolia sieboldii, Mallotus apelta, Mallotus repandus, Mandevilla martiana, Mandragora officinarum, Mangifera indica, Magnolia sinica, Maquira coriacea, Marrubium anisodon, Matricaria chamomilla, Gymnosporia diversifolia, Melia azedarach, Melicope micrococca, Melochia tomentosa, Mimosa tenuiflora, Mimusops elengi, Mirabilis himalaica, Mitragyna inermis , Mitragyna rotundifolia, Mitragyna speciosa, Mitragyna stipulosa , Molineria capitulata, Glinus oppositifolius, Monochaetum vulcanicum, Morinda officinalis , Moringa oleifera , Moringa peregrina , Morus alba, Mosla dianthera, Mosla soochowensis, Musa paradisiaca, Mutisia acerosa, Nardostachys jatamansi, Nauclea orientalis, Nealchornea yapurensis, Nelumbo nucifera, Neolitsea acuminatissima, Neolitsea hiiranensis, Nepeta tuberosa, Nicotiana glauca, Nothapodytes nimmoniana, Hansenia forbesii, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Nymphaea elegans, Ochna afzelii, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Oenothera biennis, Oldenlandia corymbosa, Oldenlandia herbacea, Oligochaeta divaricata, Onychium contiguum, Onychium japonicum, Ophiopogon intermedius, Ophiopogon jaburan, Ophiopogon planiscapus, Ophiorrhiza kuroiwae, Ophiorrhiza pumila, Dactylorhiza hatagirea, Oreocnide frutescens, Osbeckia chinensis, Osmanthus fortunei, Osmanthus heterophyllus, Otanthus maritimus, Ouratea castaneifolia, Oxyanthus pallidus, Packera hartiana, Paliurus hemsleyanus, Panax ginseng, Panax japonicus, Panax pseudoginseng, Panax vietnamensis, Paris polyphylla, Parthenium hysterophorus, Paspalum scrobiculatum, Passiflora oerstedii, Patrinia rupestris, Paullinia pinnata, Pedalium murex, Pellionia repens, Peltophorum dubium, Penianthus zenkeri, Peperomia leptostachya, Perilla frutescens, Cryptolepis nigrescens, Periploca sepium, Peristrophe japonica, Persicaria lapathifolia, Petasites formosanus, Peucedanum praeruptorum, Phlomoides hamosa, Phlomoides tuberosa, Phoradendron reichenbachianum, Physalis minima, Physalis peruviana, Physalis sordida, Picea neoveitchii, Picramnia antidesma, Picramnia hirsuta, Pinalia floribunda, Pinus sylvestris, Piper longum, Piper methysticum, Piper nigrum, Piper pedicellatum, Piper schmidtii, Platycladus orientalis, Platycodon grandiflorus, Pluchea dioscoridis, Pluchea lanceolata, Plumbago zeylanica, Plumeria rubra, Poa huecu, Podanthus mitiqui, Polyalthia suberosa, Polygonatum kingianum, Persicaria nepalensis, Polyscias fulva, Pongamia pinnata, Poraqueiba guianensis, Prangos ferulacea, Prangos pabularia, Primula macrophylla, Prinsepia utilis, Protium heptaphyllum, Prunella vulgaris, Prunus africana, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus cornuta, Prunus davidiana, Prunus dulcis, Prunus persica, Prunus zippeliana, Psacalium megaphyllum, Psidium cattleyanum, Psychotria correae, Pteris ensiformis, Pterospermum xylocarpum, Ptilostemon chamaepeuce, Pueraria montana, Pulicaria incisa, Pulicaria laciniata, Pycnanthus angolensis, Pygeum topengii, Pyrrosia petiolosa, Pyrus communis, Ranunculus laetus, Reissantia buchananii, Reseda suffruticosa, Retrophyllum rospigliosii, Rhamnus wightii, Rheum sublanceolatum, Rhinacanthus nasutus, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhodiola fastigiata, Rhodiola linearifolia, Rhodiola rosea, Rhodiola sachalinensis, Rhododendron barbatum, Rhododendron latoucheae, Rohdea chinensis, Roldana angulifolia, Roldana lobata, Rorippa indica, Rosa bella, Rosa davidii, Rosa laevigata, Rosa taiwanensis, Rosa transmorrisonensis, Roscoea purpurea, Rubia argyi, Rubia cordifolia, Rubia yunnanensis, Rubus coreanus, Rubus pungens, Ruellia patula, Rumex nepalensis , Ruscus aculeatus, Sagittaria trifolia, Salsola collina, Salvadora persica, Salvia aegyptiaca, Salvia bucharica, Salvia caespitosa, Salvia deserta, Salvia eriophora, Salvia longistyla, Salvia macrosiphon, Salvia moorcroftiana, Salvia palaestina, Salvia sahendica, Salvia staminea, Salvia tomentosa, Salvia trijuga, Salvia verbenaca, Salvia verticillata, Sambucus nigra, Sanguisorba alpina, Sanguisorba officinalis, Santolina chamaecyparissus, Sapium haematospermum, Sarcocephalus latifolius, Sargentodoxa cuneata, Satureja montana, Sauromatum giganteum, Saussurea controversa, Saussurea costus, Saussurea involucrata, Saussurea medusa, Saussurea parviflora, Scaphium affine, Scorzonera cretica, Scorzonera hispanica, Scrophularia ningpoensis , Scutellaria amoena, Scutellaria galericulata, Scutellaria lateriflora, Semialarium mexicanum, Senecio bonariensis, Senna alata, Senna auriculata, Serenoa repens, Sida spinosa, Sigesbeckia glabrescens, Sigesbeckia pubescens, Simaba orinocensis, Sinapis arvensis, Sinopodophyllum hexandrum, Siphoneugena densiflora, Smallanthus maculatus, Smilax lebrunii, Smilax perfoliata, Solanum chrysotrichum, Solanum crispum, Solanum lasiocarpum, Solanum melongena, Solanum sisymbriifolium, Solanum virginianum, Soroseris hookeriana, Sparganium eurycarpum, Sparganium stoloniferum, Sporobolus cynosuroides, Spathelia excelsa, Spathodea campanulata, Sphaerophysa salsula, Sphagneticola trilobata, Stellaria media, Stellera chamaejasme, Stifftia chrysantha, Streblus asper, Strobilanthes yunnanensis, Swertia punicea, Symplocos racemosa, Syringa reticulata, Syzygium sandwicense, Tabernaemontana laeta, Tadehagi triquetrum, Tanacetum vulgare, Taraxacum mongolicum, Taraxacum officinale, Taxus mairei, Tecoma stans, Tectona grandis, Tephrosia candida, Terminalia chebula, Terminalia glabrescens, Tetracera asiatica, Tetraena coccinea, Tetrapanax papyrifer, Thalictrum aquilegiifolium, Thalictrum atriplex, Thalictrum simplex, Thulinella chrysantha, Tinospora sinensis, Tithonia longiradiata, Tolpis webbii, Toona ciliata, Triadica sebifera, Trianthema portulacastrum, Tribulus terrestris, Trichilia claussenii, Trichilia elegans, Trichilia emetica, Trichosanthes tricuspidata, Tridax procumbens, Triplostegia grandiflora, Tripterygium hypoglaucum, Triumfetta cordifolia, Trollius chinensis, Typha angustifolia, Uncaria hirsuta, Uncaria tomentosa, Urceola rosea, Vaccinium macrocarpon, Veratrum mengtzeanum, Verbascum songaricum, Verbena brasiliensis, Verbena officinalis , Vernonia cumingiana, Viburnum cylindricum, Viburnum dilatatum, Viburnum furcatum, Viburnum jucundum, Viburnum suspensum, Vigna unguiculata, Virola michelii, Viscum album, Vitex negundo, Vitex quinata, Vochysia ferruginea, Warburgia stuhlmannii, Withania coagulans, Xanthium sibiricum, Xylopia aethiopica, Zanthoxylum ailanthoides, Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Zanthoxylum monophyllum, Zanthoxylum piasezkii, Ziziphora tenuior, Ziziphus jujuba, Ziziphus spina-christi and Tetraena simplex. It was first documented in 1981 (PMID: 7246155). Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on daucosterol (PMID: 23337296) (PMID: 23668009) (PMID: 24010320) (PMID: 24228585). |
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