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Record Information
Version2.0
Created at2021-01-06 06:37:51 UTC
Updated at2021-07-15 17:36:11 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0021373
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common NameAerobactin
Provided ByNPAtlasNPAtlas Logo
DescriptionAerobactin belongs to the class of organic compounds known as n-acyl-alpha amino acids. N-acyl-alpha amino acids are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at its terminal nitrogen atom. Aerobactin exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. Aerobactin has been detected, but not quantified in, a few different foods, such as anatidaes (Anatidae), chickens (Gallus gallus), and domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domestica). This could make aerobactin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Aerobactin is a primary metabolite. Primary metabolites are metabolically or physiologically essential metabolites. They are directly involved in an organism’s growth, development or reproduction. Aerobactin is found in Apis cerana, Enterobacter, Pantoea ananatis, Streptomyces nodosus and Streptomyces wadayamensis. Aerobactin was first documented in 1969 (PMID: 4313071). Based on a literature review a small amount of articles have been published on Aerobactin (PMID: 17600077) (PMID: 22716772) (PMID: 23460907) (PMID: 24664504).
Structure
Data?1624572110
Synonyms
ValueSource
(8S,16S)-3,12,21-Trihydroxy-2,10,14,22-tetraoxo-3,9,15,21-tetraazatricosane-8,12,16-tricarboxylic acidChEBI
(8S,16S)-3,12,21-Trihydroxy-2,10,14,22-tetraoxo-3,9,15,21-tetraazatricosane-8,12,16-tricarboxylateGenerator
AerobactinHMDB
Chemical FormulaC22H36N4O13
Average Mass564.5402 Da
Monoisotopic Mass564.22789 Da
IUPAC Name(2S)-2-[3-carboxy-3-({[(1S)-1-carboxy-5-(N-hydroxyacetamido)pentyl]carbamoyl}methyl)-3-hydroxypropanamido]-6-(N-hydroxyacetamido)hexanoic acid
Traditional Nameaerobactin
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
CC(=O)N(O)CCCC[C@H](NC(=O)CC(O)(CC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN(O)C(C)=O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C22H36N4O13/c1-13(27)25(38)9-5-3-7-15(19(31)32)23-17(29)11-22(37,21(35)36)12-18(30)24-16(20(33)34)8-4-6-10-26(39)14(2)28/h15-16,37-39H,3-12H2,1-2H3,(H,23,29)(H,24,30)(H,31,32)(H,33,34)(H,35,36)/t15-,16-/m0/s1
InChI KeyKDHHWXGBNUCREU-HOTGVXAUSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Not Available
Predicted Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Anas platyrhynchosFooDB
AnatidaeFooDB
Anser anserFooDB
Apis ceranaLOTUS Database
Bison bisonFooDB
Bos taurusFooDB
Bos taurus X Bison bisonFooDB
Bubalus bubalisFooDB
Capra aegagrus hircusFooDB
CervidaeFooDB
Cervus canadensisFooDB
ColumbaFooDB
ColumbidaeFooDB
Dromaius novaehollandiaeFooDB
EnterobacterNPAtlas
Equus caballusFooDB
Gallus gallusFooDB
Lagopus mutaFooDB
LeporidaeFooDB
Lepus timidusFooDB
Melanitta fuscaFooDB
Meleagris gallopavoFooDB
Numida meleagrisFooDB
OdocoileusFooDB
OryctolagusFooDB
Ovis ariesFooDB
Pantoea ananatisLOTUS Database
PhasianidaeFooDB
Phasianus colchicusFooDB
Streptomyces nodosusLOTUS Database
Streptomyces wadayamensisLOTUS Database
Struthio camelusFooDB
Sus scrofaFooDB
Sus scrofa domesticaFooDB
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as n-acyl-alpha amino acids. N-acyl-alpha amino acids are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at its terminal nitrogen atom.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentN-acyl-alpha amino acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • N-acyl-alpha-amino acid
  • Tricarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Alpha-hydroxy acid
  • Hydroxy acid
  • Tertiary alcohol
  • Acetohydroxamic acid
  • Acetamide
  • Hydroxamic acid
  • Carboximidic acid
  • Carboximidic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Organic 1,3-dipolar compound
  • Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Carbonyl group
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP-0.98ALOGPS
logP-3ChemAxon
logS-2.5ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.02ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-4.2ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count13ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count8ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area271.41 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count19ChemAxon
Refractivity127.26 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability54.02 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityNoChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
NPAtlas IDNPA024863
HMDB IDHMDB0004051
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB023292
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID110318
KEGG Compound IDC05554
BioCyc IDAEROBACTIN
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkAerobactin
METLIN ID7008
PubChem Compound123762
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID18157
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
General References
  1. Gibson F, Magrath DI: The isolation and characterization of a hydroxamic acid (aerobactin) formed by Aerobacter aerogenes 62-I. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Nov 18;192(2):175-84. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(69)90353-5. [PubMed:4313071 ]
  2. Forman S, Nagiec MJ, Abney J, Perry RD, Fetherston JD: Analysis of the aerobactin and ferric hydroxamate uptake systems of Yersinia pestis. Microbiology (Reading). 2007 Jul;153(Pt 7):2332-2341. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.2006/004275-0. [PubMed:17600077 ]
  3. Torres AG, Cieza RJ, Rojas-Lopez M, Blumentritt CA, Souza CS, Johnston RK, Strockbine N, Kaper JB, Sbrana E, Popov VL: In vivo bioluminescence imaging of Escherichia coli O104:H4 and role of aerobactin during colonization of a mouse model of infection. BMC Microbiol. 2012 Jun 20;12:112. doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-12-112. [PubMed:22716772 ]
  4. Ling J, Pan H, Gao Q, Xiong L, Zhou Y, Zhang D, Gao S, Liu X: Aerobactin synthesis genes iucA and iucC contribute to the pathogenicity of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli O2 strain E058. PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e57794. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057794. Epub 2013 Feb 27. [PubMed:23460907 ]
  5. Russo TA, Olson R, Macdonald U, Metzger D, Maltese LM, Drake EJ, Gulick AM: Aerobactin mediates virulence and accounts for increased siderophore production under iron-limiting conditions by hypervirulent (hypermucoviscous) Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infect Immun. 2014 Jun;82(6):2356-67. doi: 10.1128/IAI.01667-13. Epub 2014 Mar 24. [PubMed:24664504 ]