Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Updated at | 2021-10-07 20:42:25 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0001452 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | Pipecolic acid |
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Description | Pipecolic acid is a metabolite of lysine found in human physiological fluids such as urine, plasma and CSF. However, it is uncertain if pipecolic acid originates directly from food intake or from mammalian or intestinal bacterial enzyme metabolism. Recent studies suggest that plasma pipecolic acid, particularly the D-isomer, originates mainly from the catabolism of dietary lysine by intestinal bacteria rather than by direct food intake. In classic Zellweger syndrome (a cerebro-hepato-renal genetic disorder, OMIM 214100 ) pipecolic acid accumulate in the plasma of the patients. It is known that plasma pipecolic acid levels are also elevated in patients with chronic liver diseases. Pipecolic acid is moderately elevated in patients with pyridoxine-dependent seizures and might therefore be a possible biochemical marker for selecting candidates for pyridoxine therapy (Plecko et al 2000). Pipecolic acid was also elevated in CSF in these vitamin B6-responsive patients (PMID 12705501 ). Pipecolic acid is found to be associated with adrenoleukodystrophy, infantile Refsum disease, and peroxisomal biogenesis defect, which are also inborn errors of metabolism. Pipecolic acid is a biomarker for the consumption of dried and cooked beans. |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C6H11NO2/c8-6(9)5-3-1-2-4-7-5/h5,7H,1-4H2,(H,8,9) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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2-Piperidinecarboxylic acid | ChEBI | Homoproline | ChEBI | Pipecolinic acid | ChEBI | 2-Piperidinecarboxylate | Generator | Pipecolinate | Generator | Pipecolate | Generator | ()-Piperidine-2-carboxylic acid | HMDB | (+/-)-2-piperidinecarboxylate | HMDB | (+/-)-2-piperidinecarboxylic acid | HMDB | (+/-)-pipecolate | HMDB | (+/-)-pipecolic acid | HMDB | (+/-)-pipecolinate | HMDB | (+/-)-pipecolinic acid | HMDB | (.+/-.)-2-piperidinecarboxylic acid | HMDB | (RS)-2-Piperidinecarboxylate | HMDB | (RS)-2-Piperidinecarboxylic acid | HMDB | .alpha.-pipecolinic acid | HMDB | 2-Carboxypiperidine | HMDB | 2-Pipecolinic acid | HMDB | 2-Piperidinylcarboxylic acid | HMDB | a-Pipecolinate | HMDB | a-Pipecolinic acid | HMDB | Acide pipecolique | HMDB | Acide piperidine-carboxylique-2 | HMDB | alpha-Pipecolinate | HMDB | alpha-Pipecolinic acid | HMDB | Dihydrobaikiane | HMDB | DL-2-Piperidinecarboxylate | HMDB | DL-2-Piperidinecarboxylic acid | HMDB | DL-Homoproline | HMDB | DL-Pipecolate | HMDB | DL-Pipecolic acid | HMDB | DL-Pipecolinate | HMDB | DL-Pipecolinic acid | HMDB | Hexahydro-2-picolinate | HMDB | Hexahydro-2-picolinic acid | HMDB | Hexahydropicolinate | HMDB | Hexahydropicolinic acid | HMDB | Pipecolic acid free base | HMDB | Piperidine-2-carboxylic acid | HMDB | Piperolinate | HMDB | Piperolinic acid | HMDB | L-Pipecolic acid | HMDB | Pipecolic acid, (R)-isomer | HMDB | Pipecolic acid, ion (1-) | HMDB | Pipecolic acid, monopotassium salt | HMDB | Pipecolic acid hydrochloride, (+-)-isomer | HMDB | Pipecolic acid, (S)-isomer | HMDB | Pipecolic acid, 14C-labeled CPD, (+,-)-isomer | HMDB | Homopipecolic acid | HMDB | Pipecolic acid, (+,-)-isomer | HMDB | Pipecolic acid, ion(1-), (+,-)-isomer | HMDB | Pipecolic acid, ion(1-), (S)-isomer | HMDB | Piperidine-2-carboxylate | HMDB | Pipecolic acid | MeSH |
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Chemical Formula | C6H11NO2 |
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Average Mass | 129.1570 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 129.07898 Da |
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IUPAC Name | piperidine-2-carboxylic acid |
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Traditional Name | (+,-)-pipecolic acid |
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CAS Registry Number | 535-75-1 |
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SMILES | OC(=O)C1CCCCN1 |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C6H11NO2/c8-6(9)5-3-1-2-4-7-5/h5,7H,1-4H2,(H,8,9) |
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InChI Key | HXEACLLIILLPRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Not Available | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available | Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Species Where Detected | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon). |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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Class | Carboxylic acids and derivatives |
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Sub Class | Amino acids, peptides, and analogues |
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Direct Parent | Alpha amino acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Alpha-amino acid
- Piperidinecarboxylic acid
- Piperidine
- Amino acid
- Azacycle
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Secondary amine
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Secondary aliphatic amine
- Carboxylic acid
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Amine
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organic oxide
- Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 264 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | 314 mg/mL | Not Available | LogP | -2.31 | Tsai, R. S., Testa, B., El Tayar, N., & Carrupt, P. A. (1991). Structure-lipophilicity relationships of zwitterionic amino acids. Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2, (11), 1797-1802. |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Kawasaki H, Hori T, Nakajima M, Takeshita K: Plasma levels of pipecolic acid in patients with chronic liver disease. Hepatology. 1988 Mar-Apr;8(2):286-9. [PubMed:3356409 ]
- Chang YF: Lysine metabolism in the human and the monkey: demonstration of pipecolic acid formation in the brain and other organs. Neurochem Res. 1982 May;7(5):577-88. [PubMed:6811962 ]
- van den Berg GA, Breukelman H, Elzinga H, Trijbels JM, Monnens LA, Muskiet FA: Determination of pipecolic acid in urine and plasma by isotope dilution mass fragmentography. Clin Chim Acta. 1986 Sep 30;159(3):229-37. [PubMed:3769211 ]
- Danks DM, Tippett P, Adams C, Campbell P: Cerebro-hepato-renal syndrome of Zellweger. A report of eight cases with comments upon the incidence, the liver lesion, and a fault in pipecolic acid metabolism. J Pediatr. 1975 Mar;86(3):382-7. [PubMed:1113225 ]
- Plecko B, Stockler-Ipsiroglu S, Paschke E, Erwa W, Struys EA, Jakobs C: Pipecolic acid elevation in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of two patients with pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy. Ann Neurol. 2000 Jul;48(1):121-5. [PubMed:10894227 ]
- Burton BK, Reed SP, Remy WT: Hyperpipecolic acidemia: clinical and biochemical observations in two male siblings. J Pediatr. 1981 Nov;99(5):729-34. [PubMed:7299546 ]
- Trijbels JM, Monnens LA, Melis G, van den Broekvan Essen M, Bruckwilder M: Localization of pipecolic acid metabolism in rat liver peroxisomes: probable explanation for hyperpipecolataemia in Zellweger syndrome. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1987;10(2):128-34. [PubMed:3116331 ]
- Thomas GH, Haslam RH, Batshaw ML, Capute AJ, Neidengard L, Ransom JL: Hyperpipecolic acidemia associated with hepatomegaly, mental retardation, optic nerve dysplasia and progressive neurological disease. Clin Genet. 1975 Nov;8(5):376-82. [PubMed:1204235 ]
- Lee HF, Mak SC, Wu FW, Chi CS, Huang SC: Zellweger syndrome: report of one case. Acta Paediatr Taiwan. 2001 Jan-Feb;42(1):53-6. [PubMed:11270189 ]
- Kok RM, Kaster L, de Jong AP, Poll-The B, Saudubray JM, Jakobs C: Stable isotope dilution analysis of pipecolic acid in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine and amniotic fluid using electron capture negative ion mass fragmentography. Clin Chim Acta. 1987 Sep 30;168(2):143-52. [PubMed:3315316 ]
- Baas JC, van de Laar R, Dorland L, Duran M, Berger R, Poll-The BT, de Koning TJ: Plasma pipecolic acid is frequently elevated in non-peroxisomal disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2002 Dec;25(8):699-701. [PubMed:12705501 ]
- Dancis J, Hutzler J: Comparative rates of metabolism of pipecolic acid in several animal species. Comp Biochem Physiol B. 1982;73(4):1011-2. [PubMed:6817963 ]
- Fujita T, Hada T, Higashino K: Origin of D- and L-pipecolic acid in human physiological fluids: a study of the catabolic mechanism to pipecolic acid using the lysine loading test. Clin Chim Acta. 1999 Sep;287(1-2):145-56. [PubMed:10509903 ]
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