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Record Information
Version2.0
Created at2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Updated at2025-02-11 15:48:06 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0001447
Natural Product DOIhttps://doi.org/10.57994/2764
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common NameFlavin adenine dinucleotide
DescriptionFlavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a redox-active coenzyme associated with various proteins, which is involved with several enzymatic reactions in metabolism. FAD, also known as adeflavin or flamitajin b, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as flavin nucleotides. These are nucleotides containing a flavin moiety. Flavin is a compound that contains the tricyclic isoalloxazine ring system, which bears 2 oxo groups at the 2- and 4-positions. FAD is a drug which is used to treat eye diseases caused by vitamin b2 deficiency, such as keratitis and blepharitis. FAD exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, FAD is involved in the metabolic disorder called the medium chain acyl-coa dehydrogenase deficiency (mcad) pathway. Outside of the human body, FAD has been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as other bread, passion fruits, asparagus, kelps, and green bell peppers. It is a flavoprotein in which the substituent at position 10 of the flavin nucleus is a 5'-adenosyldiphosphoribityl group.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC27H33N9O15P2
Average Mass785.5497 Da
Monoisotopic Mass785.15713 Da
IUPAC Name{[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy}[({[(2R,3S,4S)-5-{7,8-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-2H,3H,4H,10H-benzo[g]pteridin-10-yl}-2,3,4-trihydroxypentyl]oxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]phosphinic acid
Traditional Nameflavine-adenine dinucleotide
CAS Registry Number146-14-5
SMILES
CC1=CC2=C(C=C1C)N(C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO[P@](O)(=O)O[P@@](O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)N1C=NC3=C1N=CN=C3N)C1=NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=N2
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C27H33N9O15P2/c1-10-3-12-13(4-11(10)2)35(24-18(32-12)25(42)34-27(43)33-24)5-14(37)19(39)15(38)6-48-52(44,45)51-53(46,47)49-7-16-20(40)21(41)26(50-16)36-9-31-17-22(28)29-8-30-23(17)36/h3-4,8-9,14-16,19-21,26,37-41H,5-7H2,1-2H3,(H,44,45)(H,46,47)(H2,28,29,30)(H,34,42,43)/t14-,15+,16+,19-,20+,21+,26+/m0/s1
InChI KeyVWWQXMAJTJZDQX-UYBVJOGSSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
HSQC NMR[1H, 13C] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, D2O, experimental)bgnzk@missouri.eduSumner Lab, MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-06-06View Spectrum
HMBC NMR[1H, 13C] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, D2O, experimental)bgnzk@missouri.eduSumner Lab, MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-06-06View Spectrum
COSY NMR[1H, 1H] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, D2O, experimental)bgnzk@missouri.eduSumner Lab, MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-06-06View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, experimental)bgnzk@missouri.eduSumner Lab, MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-06-06View Spectrum
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Predicted Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Chemical Shift Submissions
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600, D2O, simulated)bgnzk@missouri.eduSumner Lab, MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-06-06View Spectrum
Species
Species of Origin
Species Where Detected
Species NameSourceReference
Escherichia coliKNApSAcK Database
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as flavin nucleotides. These are nucleotides containing a flavin moiety. Flavin is a compound that contains the tricyclic isoalloxazine ring system, which bears 2 oxo groups at the 2- and 4-positions.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassNucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues
ClassFlavin nucleotides
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentFlavin nucleotides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Flavin nucleotide
  • (3'->5')-dinucleotide
  • (3'->5')-dinucleotide or analogue
  • Purine ribonucleoside diphosphate
  • Purine ribonucleoside monophosphate
  • Flavin
  • Isoalloxazine
  • Pentose-5-phosphate
  • Pentose phosphate
  • Glycosyl compound
  • N-glycosyl compound
  • Diazanaphthalene
  • Pentose monosaccharide
  • Pteridine
  • 6-aminopurine
  • Quinoxaline
  • Organic pyrophosphate
  • Monosaccharide phosphate
  • Imidazopyrimidine
  • Purine
  • Monoalkyl phosphate
  • Aminopyrimidine
  • Pyrimidone
  • Monosaccharide
  • N-substituted imidazole
  • Organic phosphoric acid derivative
  • Imidolactam
  • Benzenoid
  • Alkyl phosphate
  • Phosphoric acid ester
  • Pyrimidine
  • Pyrazine
  • Tetrahydrofuran
  • Azole
  • Vinylogous amide
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Imidazole
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Lactam
  • Polyol
  • Oxacycle
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary amine
  • Alcohol
  • Amine
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility5 mg/mLNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility4.25 g/LALOGPS
logP-0.78ALOGPS
logP-4.7ChemAxon
logS-2.3ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)1.85ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)4.01ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count19ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count9ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area356.42 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count13ChemAxon
Refractivity177.43 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability70.53 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings6ChemAxon
BioavailabilityNoChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
HMDB IDHMDB0001248
DrugBank IDDB03147
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB022511
KNApSAcK IDC00001500
Chemspider ID559059
KEGG Compound IDC00016
BioCyc IDFAD
BiGG ID33521
Wikipedia LinkFlavin_adenine_dinucleotide
METLIN ID6106
PubChem Compound643975
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID16238
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
General References
  1. Flatz G, Simmersbach F: Flavin adenine dinucleotide concentration in erythrocytes with normal and deficient glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Klin Wochenschr. 1970 Sep 1;48(17):1071-2. [PubMed:5523465 ]
  2. Zempleni J: Determination of riboflavin and flavocoenzymes in human blood plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography. Ann Nutr Metab. 1995;39(4):224-6. [PubMed:8546438 ]
  3. Becker K, Wilkinson AR: Flavin adenine dinucleotide levels in erythrocytes of very low birthweight infants under vitamin supplementation. Biol Neonate. 1993;63(2):80-5. [PubMed:8448258 ]
  4. Lisowsky T, Lee JE, Polimeno L, Francavilla A, Hofhaus G: Mammalian augmenter of liver regeneration protein is a sulfhydryl oxidase. Dig Liver Dis. 2001 Mar;33(2):173-80. [PubMed:11346147 ]
  5. Cimino JA, Jhangiani S, Schwartz E, Cooperman JM: Riboflavin metabolism in the hypothyroid human adult. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1987 Feb;184(2):151-3. [PubMed:3809170 ]
  6. Kodentsova VM, Vrzhesinskaia OA, Alekseeva IA, Spirichev VB: [Comparison of biochemical criteria for supplying the human body with riboflavin]. Vopr Med Khim. 1991 Sep-Oct;37(5):76-9. [PubMed:1759408 ]
  7. Lopez-Anaya A, Mayersohn M: Quantification of riboflavin, riboflavin 5'-phosphate and flavin adenine dinucleotide in plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr. 1987 Dec 25;423:105-13. [PubMed:3443641 ]
  8. Van Binsbergen CJ, Odink J, Van den Berg H, Koppeschaar H, Coelingh Bennink HJ: Nutritional status in anorexia nervosa: clinical chemistry, vitamins, iron and zinc. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1988 Nov;42(11):929-37. [PubMed:3074921 ]
  9. Mohrenweiser HW, Novotny JE: ACP1GUA-1--a low-activity variant of human erythrocyte acid phosphatase: association with increased glutathione reductase activity. Am J Hum Genet. 1982 May;34(3):425-33. [PubMed:7081221 ]
  10. Gianazza E, Vergani L, Wait R, Brizio C, Brambilla D, Begum S, Giancaspero TA, Conserva F, Eberini I, Bufano D, Angelini C, Pegoraro E, Tramontano A, Barile M: Coordinated and reversible reduction of enzymes involved in terminal oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle mitochondria from a riboflavin-responsive, multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency patient. Electrophoresis. 2006 Mar;27(5-6):1182-98. [PubMed:16470778 ]
  11. Cimino JA, Noto RA, Fusco CL, Cooperman JM: Riboflavin metabolism in the hypothyroid newborn. Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Mar;47(3):481-3. [PubMed:3348160 ]