Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Updated at | 2024-09-17 15:45:09 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0001447 |
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Natural Product DOI | https://doi.org/10.57994/2764 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | Flavin adenine dinucleotide |
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Description | Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a redox-active coenzyme associated with various proteins, which is involved with several enzymatic reactions in metabolism. FAD, also known as adeflavin or flamitajin b, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as flavin nucleotides. These are nucleotides containing a flavin moiety. Flavin is a compound that contains the tricyclic isoalloxazine ring system, which bears 2 oxo groups at the 2- and 4-positions. FAD is a drug which is used to treat eye diseases caused by vitamin b2 deficiency, such as keratitis and blepharitis. FAD exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, FAD is involved in the metabolic disorder called the medium chain acyl-coa dehydrogenase deficiency (mcad) pathway. Outside of the human body, FAD has been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as other bread, passion fruits, asparagus, kelps, and green bell peppers. It is a flavoprotein in which the substituent at position 10 of the flavin nucleus is a 5'-adenosyldiphosphoribityl group. |
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Structure | CC1=CC2=C(C=C1C)N(C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)N1C=NC3=C1N=CN=C3N)C1=NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=N2 InChI=1S/C27H33N9O15P2/c1-10-3-12-13(4-11(10)2)35(24-18(32-12)25(42)34-27(43)33-24)5-14(37)19(39)15(38)6-48-52(44,45)51-53(46,47)49-7-16-20(40)21(41)26(50-16)36-9-31-17-22(28)29-8-30-23(17)36/h3-4,8-9,14-16,19-21,26,37-41H,5-7H2,1-2H3,(H,44,45)(H,46,47)(H2,28,29,30)(H,34,42,43)/t14-,15+,16+,19-,20+,21+,26+/m0/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen pyrophosphate), 5'-5'-ester with riboflavine | ChEBI | Adenosine 5'-[3-(riboflavin-5'-yl) dihydrogen diphosphate] | ChEBI | Flavin adenine dinucleotide | ChEBI | FLAVIN-adenine dinucleotide | ChEBI | Riboflavin 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), 5'-5'-ester with adenosine | ChEBI | Riboflavin 5'-adenosine diphosphate | ChEBI | Adeflavin | Kegg | Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen pyrophosphoric acid), 5'-5'-ester with riboflavine | Generator | Adenosine 5'-[3-(riboflavin-5'-yl) dihydrogen diphosphoric acid] | Generator | Riboflavin 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphoric acid), 5'-5'-ester with adenosine | Generator | Riboflavin 5'-adenosine diphosphoric acid | Generator | 1H-Purin-6-amine flavin dinucleotide | HMDB | 1H-Purin-6-amine flavine dinucleotide | HMDB | Adenine-flavin dinucleotide | HMDB | Adenine-flavine dinucleotide | HMDB | Adenine-riboflavin dinuceotide | HMDB | Adenine-riboflavin dinucleotide | HMDB | Adenine-riboflavine dinucleotide | HMDB | Flamitajin b | HMDB | Flanin F | HMDB | Flavin adenine dinucleotide oxidized | HMDB | Flavine adenosine diphosphate | HMDB | Flavine-adenine dinucleotide | HMDB | Flavitan | HMDB | Flaziren | HMDB | Isoalloxazine-adenine dinucleotide | HMDB | Riboflavin-adenine dinucleotide | HMDB | Riboflavine-adenine dinucleotide | HMDB | Dinucleotide, flavin-adenine | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C27H33N9O15P2 |
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Average Mass | 785.5497 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 785.15713 Da |
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IUPAC Name | {[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy}[({[(2R,3S,4S)-5-{7,8-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-2H,3H,4H,10H-benzo[g]pteridin-10-yl}-2,3,4-trihydroxypentyl]oxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]phosphinic acid |
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Traditional Name | flavine-adenine dinucleotide |
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CAS Registry Number | 146-14-5 |
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SMILES | CC1=CC2=C(C=C1C)N(C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO[P@](O)(=O)O[P@@](O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)N1C=NC3=C1N=CN=C3N)C1=NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=N2 |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C27H33N9O15P2/c1-10-3-12-13(4-11(10)2)35(24-18(32-12)25(42)34-27(43)33-24)5-14(37)19(39)15(38)6-48-52(44,45)51-53(46,47)49-7-16-20(40)21(41)26(50-16)36-9-31-17-22(28)29-8-30-23(17)36/h3-4,8-9,14-16,19-21,26,37-41H,5-7H2,1-2H3,(H,44,45)(H,46,47)(H2,28,29,30)(H,34,42,43)/t14-,15+,16+,19-,20+,21+,26+/m0/s1 |
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InChI Key | VWWQXMAJTJZDQX-UYBVJOGSSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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HSQC NMR | [1H, 13C] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, D2O, experimental) | bgnzk@missouri.edu | Sumner Lab, MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USA | Dr. Bharat Goel | 2024-06-06 | View Spectrum | HMBC NMR | [1H, 13C] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, D2O, experimental) | bgnzk@missouri.edu | Sumner Lab, MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USA | Dr. Bharat Goel | 2024-06-06 | View Spectrum | COSY NMR | [1H, 1H] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, D2O, experimental) | bgnzk@missouri.edu | Sumner Lab, MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USA | Dr. Bharat Goel | 2024-06-06 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, experimental) | bgnzk@missouri.edu | Sumner Lab, MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USA | Dr. Bharat Goel | 2024-06-06 | View Spectrum | 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor ID | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600, D2O, simulated) | bgnzk@missouri.edu | Sumner Lab, MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USA | Dr. Bharat Goel | 2024-06-06 | View Spectrum |
| Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Species Where Detected | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as flavin nucleotides. These are nucleotides containing a flavin moiety. Flavin is a compound that contains the tricyclic isoalloxazine ring system, which bears 2 oxo groups at the 2- and 4-positions. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues |
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Class | Flavin nucleotides |
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Sub Class | Not Available |
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Direct Parent | Flavin nucleotides |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Flavin nucleotide
- (3'->5')-dinucleotide
- (3'->5')-dinucleotide or analogue
- Purine ribonucleoside diphosphate
- Purine ribonucleoside monophosphate
- Flavin
- Isoalloxazine
- Pentose-5-phosphate
- Pentose phosphate
- Glycosyl compound
- N-glycosyl compound
- Diazanaphthalene
- Pentose monosaccharide
- Pteridine
- 6-aminopurine
- Quinoxaline
- Organic pyrophosphate
- Monosaccharide phosphate
- Imidazopyrimidine
- Purine
- Monoalkyl phosphate
- Aminopyrimidine
- Pyrimidone
- Monosaccharide
- N-substituted imidazole
- Organic phosphoric acid derivative
- Imidolactam
- Benzenoid
- Alkyl phosphate
- Phosphoric acid ester
- Pyrimidine
- Pyrazine
- Tetrahydrofuran
- Azole
- Vinylogous amide
- Heteroaromatic compound
- Imidazole
- Secondary alcohol
- Lactam
- Polyol
- Oxacycle
- Azacycle
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Organic oxide
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Primary amine
- Alcohol
- Amine
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | 5 mg/mL | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Flatz G, Simmersbach F: Flavin adenine dinucleotide concentration in erythrocytes with normal and deficient glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Klin Wochenschr. 1970 Sep 1;48(17):1071-2. [PubMed:5523465 ]
- Zempleni J: Determination of riboflavin and flavocoenzymes in human blood plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography. Ann Nutr Metab. 1995;39(4):224-6. [PubMed:8546438 ]
- Becker K, Wilkinson AR: Flavin adenine dinucleotide levels in erythrocytes of very low birthweight infants under vitamin supplementation. Biol Neonate. 1993;63(2):80-5. [PubMed:8448258 ]
- Lisowsky T, Lee JE, Polimeno L, Francavilla A, Hofhaus G: Mammalian augmenter of liver regeneration protein is a sulfhydryl oxidase. Dig Liver Dis. 2001 Mar;33(2):173-80. [PubMed:11346147 ]
- Cimino JA, Jhangiani S, Schwartz E, Cooperman JM: Riboflavin metabolism in the hypothyroid human adult. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1987 Feb;184(2):151-3. [PubMed:3809170 ]
- Kodentsova VM, Vrzhesinskaia OA, Alekseeva IA, Spirichev VB: [Comparison of biochemical criteria for supplying the human body with riboflavin]. Vopr Med Khim. 1991 Sep-Oct;37(5):76-9. [PubMed:1759408 ]
- Lopez-Anaya A, Mayersohn M: Quantification of riboflavin, riboflavin 5'-phosphate and flavin adenine dinucleotide in plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr. 1987 Dec 25;423:105-13. [PubMed:3443641 ]
- Van Binsbergen CJ, Odink J, Van den Berg H, Koppeschaar H, Coelingh Bennink HJ: Nutritional status in anorexia nervosa: clinical chemistry, vitamins, iron and zinc. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1988 Nov;42(11):929-37. [PubMed:3074921 ]
- Mohrenweiser HW, Novotny JE: ACP1GUA-1--a low-activity variant of human erythrocyte acid phosphatase: association with increased glutathione reductase activity. Am J Hum Genet. 1982 May;34(3):425-33. [PubMed:7081221 ]
- Gianazza E, Vergani L, Wait R, Brizio C, Brambilla D, Begum S, Giancaspero TA, Conserva F, Eberini I, Bufano D, Angelini C, Pegoraro E, Tramontano A, Barile M: Coordinated and reversible reduction of enzymes involved in terminal oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle mitochondria from a riboflavin-responsive, multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency patient. Electrophoresis. 2006 Mar;27(5-6):1182-98. [PubMed:16470778 ]
- Cimino JA, Noto RA, Fusco CL, Cooperman JM: Riboflavin metabolism in the hypothyroid newborn. Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Mar;47(3):481-3. [PubMed:3348160 ]
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