Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Updated at | 2020-11-24 22:22:48 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0001358 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | Hydroxykynurenine |
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Description | Hydroxykynurenine is a free radical generator and a bioprecursor quinolinic acid which is a endogenous excitotoxin (PMID 16697652 ). It is a product of enzyme kynurenine 3-monooxygenase in the tryptophan catabolism pathway (Reactome http://Www.Reactome.Org). |
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Structure | NC(CC(=O)C1=C(N)C(O)=CC=C1)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C10H12N2O4/c11-6(10(15)16)4-8(14)5-2-1-3-7(13)9(5)12/h1-3,6,13H,4,11-12H2,(H,15,16) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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2-Amino-4-(2-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid | ChEBI | 3-(3-Hydroxyanthraniloyl)alanine | ChEBI | 3-Hydroxy-DL-kynurenine | ChEBI | 2-Amino-4-(2-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxobutanoate | Generator | 3-(3-Hydroxyanthraniloyl)-alanine | HMDB | 3-Hydroxy-kynurenine | HMDB | 3-Hydroxykynurenine | HMDB | DL-3-Hydroxykynurenine | HMDB | Hydroxykinurenine | HMDB | OH-Kynurenine | HMDB | 3-Hydroxykynurenine, (DL)-isomer | HMDB | 3-Hydroxykynurenine, (D)-isomer | HMDB | 3-Hydroxykynurenine, (L)-isomer | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C10H12N2O4 |
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Average Mass | 224.2133 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 224.07971 Da |
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IUPAC Name | 2-amino-4-(2-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | hydroxykynurenine |
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CAS Registry Number | 484-78-6 |
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SMILES | NC(CC(=O)C1=C(N)C(O)=CC=C1)C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C10H12N2O4/c11-6(10(15)16)4-8(14)5-2-1-3-7(13)9(5)12/h1-3,6,13H,4,11-12H2,(H,15,16) |
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InChI Key | VCKPUUFAIGNJHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, simulated) | V.dorna83 | | | 2021-09-06 | View Spectrum | 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, 5%_DMSO, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Not Available | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, simulated) | v.dorna83@yahoo.com | Not Available | Not Available | 2021-08-11 | View Spectrum |
| Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Species Where Detected | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkyl-phenylketones. These are aromatic compounds containing a ketone substituted by one alkyl group, and a phenyl group. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic oxygen compounds |
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Class | Organooxygen compounds |
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Sub Class | Carbonyl compounds |
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Direct Parent | Alkyl-phenylketones |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Alkyl-phenylketone
- Butyrophenone
- Alpha-amino acid
- Alpha-amino acid or derivatives
- Gamma-keto acid
- O-aminophenol
- Aryl alkyl ketone
- Aniline or substituted anilines
- Benzoyl
- Aminophenol
- Phenol
- 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
- 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
- Keto acid
- Beta-aminoketone
- Monocyclic benzene moiety
- Benzenoid
- Vinylogous amide
- Amino acid or derivatives
- Amino acid
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Organonitrogen compound
- Primary amine
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxide
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Amine
- Primary aliphatic amine
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 217 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Schwarcz R, Rassoulpour A, Wu HQ, Medoff D, Tamminga CA, Roberts RC: Increased cortical kynurenate content in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry. 2001 Oct 1;50(7):521-30. [PubMed:11600105 ]
- Pearson SJ, Reynolds GP: Determination of 3-hydroxykynurenine in human brain and plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Increased concentrations in hepatic encephalopathy. J Chromatogr. 1991 Apr 19;565(1-2):436-40. [PubMed:1874889 ]
- Reynolds GP, Pearson SJ: Neurochemical-clinical correlates in Huntington's disease--applications of brain banking techniques. J Neural Transm Suppl. 1993;39:207-14. [PubMed:8103075 ]
- Reynolds GP, Pearson SJ: Increased brain 3-hydroxykynurenine in Huntington's disease. Lancet. 1989 Oct 21;2(8669):979-80. [PubMed:2571888 ]
- Guidetti P, Reddy PH, Tagle DA, Schwarcz R: Early kynurenergic impairment in Huntington's disease and in a transgenic animal model. Neurosci Lett. 2000 Apr 14;283(3):233-5. [PubMed:10754231 ]
- Pearson SJ, Reynolds GP: Increased brain concentrations of a neurotoxin, 3-hydroxykynurenine, in Huntington's disease. Neurosci Lett. 1992 Sep 14;144(1-2):199-201. [PubMed:1436703 ]
- Lee HJ, Bach JH, Chae HS, Lee SH, Joo WS, Choi SH, Kim KY, Lee WB, Kim SS: Mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase attenuates 3-hydroxykynurenine-induced neuronal cell death. J Neurochem. 2004 Feb;88(3):647-56. [PubMed:14720214 ]
- Guidetti P, Bates GP, Graham RK, Hayden MR, Leavitt BR, MacDonald ME, Slow EJ, Wheeler VC, Woodman B, Schwarcz R: Elevated brain 3-hydroxykynurenine and quinolinate levels in Huntington disease mice. Neurobiol Dis. 2006 Jul;23(1):190-7. Epub 2006 May 12. [PubMed:16697652 ]
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