Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2006-05-22 15:12:35 UTC |
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Updated at | 2024-09-17 15:44:42 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0001253 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | Biocytin |
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Description | Biocytin is a naturally occurring low molecular weight analog of biotin, and a primary source of this essential metabolite for mammals. Biotinidase acts as a hydrolase by cleaving biocytin and biotinyl-peptides, thereby liberating biotin for reutilization. Mammals cannot synthesize biotin and, therefore, derive the vitamin from dietary sources or from the endogenous turnover of the carboxylases. Free biotin can readily enter the biotin pool, whereas holocarboxylases or other biotin-containing proteins must first be degraded proteolytically to biocytin (biotinyl-e-lysine) or biotinyl-peptides. Biocytin is also an especially versatile marker for neuroanatomical investigations, shown that may have multiple applications, especially for labeling neurons. (PMID: 8930409 , 1384763 , 2479450 ). |
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Structure | [H][C@]12CS[C@@H](CCCCC(=O)NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)[C@@]1([H])NC(=O)N2 InChI=1S/C16H28N4O4S/c17-10(15(22)23)5-3-4-8-18-13(21)7-2-1-6-12-14-11(9-25-12)19-16(24)20-14/h10-12,14H,1-9,17H2,(H,18,21)(H,22,23)(H2,19,20,24)/t10-,11-,12-,14-/m0/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(3AS-(3aalpha,4beta,6aalpha))-N(6)-(5-(hexahydro-2-oxo-1H-thieno(3,4-D)imidazol-4-yl)-1-oxopentyl)-L-lysine | ChEBI | Biotinyl-L-lysine | ChEBI | epsilon-N-Biotinyl-L-lysine | ChEBI | epsilon-N-Biotinyllysine | ChEBI | N(epsilon)-Biotinyl-L-lysine | ChEBI | N-Biotinyl-L-lysine | ChEBI | N6-D-Biotinyl-L-lysine | ChEBI | N(6)-D-Biotinyl-L-lysine | ChEBI | (3AS-(3aalpha,4b,6aalpha))-N(6)-(5-(hexahydro-2-oxo-1H-thieno(3,4-D)imidazol-4-yl)-1-oxopentyl)-L-lysine | Generator | (3AS-(3aalpha,4β,6aalpha))-N(6)-(5-(hexahydro-2-oxo-1H-thieno(3,4-D)imidazol-4-yl)-1-oxopentyl)-L-lysine | Generator | H-Lys(biotinyl)-OH | HMDB | N-epsilon-Biotin-L-lysine | HMDB | N6-delta-Biotinyl-L-lysine | HMDB | Ne-biotynyl-L-lysine | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C16H28N4O4S |
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Average Mass | 372.4830 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 372.18313 Da |
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IUPAC Name | (2S)-6-{5-[(3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxo-hexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanamido}-2-aminohexanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | (2S)-6-{5-[(3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxo-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanamido}-2-aminohexanoic acid |
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CAS Registry Number | 576-19-2 |
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SMILES | [H][C@]12CS[C@@H](CCCCC(=O)NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)[C@@]1([H])NC(=O)N2 |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C16H28N4O4S/c17-10(15(22)23)5-3-4-8-18-13(21)7-2-1-6-12-14-11(9-25-12)19-16(24)20-14/h10-12,14H,1-9,17H2,(H,18,21)(H,22,23)(H2,19,20,24)/t10-,11-,12-,14-/m0/s1 |
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InChI Key | BAQMYDQNMFBZNA-MNXVOIDGSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor ID | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available | Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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Class | Carboxylic acids and derivatives |
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Sub Class | Amino acids, peptides, and analogues |
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Direct Parent | L-alpha-amino acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - L-alpha-amino acid
- Imidazolyl carboxylic acid derivative
- Medium-chain fatty acid
- Heterocyclic fatty acid
- Fatty acid
- Fatty acyl
- Thiolane
- 2-imidazoline
- Amino acid
- Isourea
- Azacycle
- Carboximidic acid
- Carboximidic acid derivative
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Dialkylthioether
- Organic 1,3-dipolar compound
- Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound
- Carboximidamide
- Carboxylic acid
- Thioether
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Organic oxide
- Organonitrogen compound
- Primary aliphatic amine
- Organooxygen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Primary amine
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Amine
- Carbonyl group
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 243 - 246 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Spiga S, Fattore L, Puddu MC, Cappai A, Picciau S, Brotzu G, Serra GP, Petruzzo P: Use of biocytin as neuroanatomic tracer in harvested human pancreas: a confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis. Pancreas. 2002 May;24(4):329-35. [PubMed:11961484 ]
- Altemus KL, Lavenex P, Ishizuka N, Amaral DG: Morphological characteristics and electrophysiological properties of CA1 pyramidal neurons in macaque monkeys. Neuroscience. 2005;136(3):741-56. [PubMed:16344148 ]
- Evangelatos SA, Livaniou E, Kakabakos SE, Evangelatos GP, Ithakissios DS: Biotinidase radioassay using an 125I-biotin derivative, avidin, and polyethylene glycol reagents. Anal Biochem. 1991 Aug 1;196(2):385-9. [PubMed:1776689 ]
- Ebrahim H, Dakshinamurti K: Determination of biocytin. Anal Biochem. 1987 May 1;162(2):319-24. [PubMed:3111297 ]
- Suormala TM, Baumgartner ER, Bausch J, Holick W, Wick H: Quantitative determination of biocytin in urine of patients with biotinidase deficiency using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Clin Chim Acta. 1988 Oct 31;177(3):253-69. [PubMed:3148376 ]
- Hymes J, Fleischhauer K, Wolf B: Biotinylation of biotinidase following incubation with biocytin. Clin Chim Acta. 1995 Jan 16;233(1-2):39-45. [PubMed:7758201 ]
- van Gog FB, Visser GW, Gowrising RW, Snow GB, van Dongen GA: Synthesis and evaluation of 99mTc/99Tc-MAG3-biotin conjugates for antibody pretargeting strategies. Nucl Med Biol. 1998 Oct;25(7):611-9. [PubMed:9804042 ]
- Hymes J, Wolf B: Biotinidase and its roles in biotin metabolism. Clin Chim Acta. 1996 Nov 15;255(1):1-11. [PubMed:8930409 ]
- McDonald AJ: Neuroanatomical labeling with biocytin: a review. Neuroreport. 1992 Oct;3(10):821-7. [PubMed:1384763 ]
- King MA, Louis PM, Hunter BE, Walker DW: Biocytin: a versatile anterograde neuroanatomical tract-tracing alternative. Brain Res. 1989 Sep 18;497(2):361-7. [PubMed:2479450 ]
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