Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Updated at | 2021-08-19 23:58:54 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0001205 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | Citicoline |
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Description | Citicoline is an essential intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of structural phospholipids in cell membranes, particularly phosphatidylcholine. Once absorbed, citicoline is widely distributed throughout the body, crosses the blood-brain barrier and reaches the central nervous system (CNS), where it is incorporated into the membrane and microsomal phospholipid fraction. Citicoline activates biosynthesis of structural phospholipids of neuronal membranes, increases brain metabolism, and acts upon the levels of different neurotransmitters. Thus, citicoline has been experimentally shown to increase norepinephrine and dopamine levels in the CNS. Owing to these pharmacological mechanisms, citicoline has a neuroprotective effect in hypoxic and ischemic conditions, decreasing the volume of ischemic lesion, and also improves learning and memory performance in animal models of brain aging. In addition, citicoline has been shown to restore the activity of mitochondrial ATPase and membrane Na+/K+ATPase, to inhibit activation of certain phospholipases, and to accelerate reabsorption of cerebral edema in various experimental models. Citicoline has also been shown to be able to inhibit mechanisms of apoptosis associated to cerebral ischemia and in certain neurodegeneration models, and to potentiate neuroplasticity mechanisms. Citicoline is a safe drug, as shown by the toxicological tests conducted, that has no significant systemic cholinergic effects and is a well tolerated product. (PMID: 17171187 ). |
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Structure | C[N+](C)(C)CCOP([O-])(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)N1C=CC(N)=NC1=O InChI=1S/C14H26N4O11P2/c1-18(2,3)6-7-26-30(22,23)29-31(24,25)27-8-9-11(19)12(20)13(28-9)17-5-4-10(15)16-14(17)21/h4-5,9,11-13,19-20H,6-8H2,1-3H3,(H3-,15,16,21,22,23,24,25)/t9-,11-,12-,13-/m1/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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[2-CYTIDYLATE-o'-phosphonyloxyl]-ethyl-trimethyl-ammonium | ChEBI | CDP-Colina | ChEBI | Citicolina | ChEBI | Citicolinum | ChEBI | Citidin difosfato de colina | ChEBI | Cyticholine | ChEBI | Cytidindiphosphocholin | ChEBI | Cytidine 5'-(choline diphosphate) | ChEBI | Cytidine 5'-(cholinyl pyrophosphate) | ChEBI | Cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine | ChEBI | Cytidine 5'-diphosphoric choline | ChEBI | Nicholin | Kegg | [2-CYTIDYLic acid-o'-phosphonyloxyl]-ethyl-trimethyl-ammonium | Generator | Cytidine 5'-(choline diphosphoric acid) | Generator | Cytidine 5'-(cholinyl pyrophosphoric acid) | Generator | Audes | HMDB | CDP-Choline | HMDB | Cereb | HMDB | Choline 5'-cytidine diphosphate | HMDB | Choline cytidine diphosphate | HMDB | Citicholine | HMDB, MeSH | Citidoline | HMDB | Citifar | HMDB | Colite | HMDB | Corenalin | HMDB | Cyscholin | HMDB | Cytidine 5'-diphosphate choline | HMDB | Cytidine 5-diphosphate-trihydrogen | HMDB | Cytidine choline diphosphate | HMDB | Cytidine diphosphate choline | HMDB, MeSH | Cytidine diphosphate choline ester | HMDB | Cytidine diphosphocholine | HMDB | Cytidine diphosphorylcholine | HMDB | Cytidine-5' diphosphocholine | HMDB | Cytidine-5'-pyrophosphate-hydroxycholine | HMDB | Cytidoline | HMDB | Difosfocin | HMDB | Emicholine F | HMDB | Ensign | HMDB | Haocolin | HMDB | Hornbest | HMDB | Neucolis | HMDB | Nicolin | HMDB | Niticolin | HMDB | P-Hydroxide[2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl] ester | HMDB | Reagin | HMDB | Recofnan | HMDB | Recognan | HMDB | Rexort | HMDB | Sintoclar | HMDB | Somazina | HMDB | Somazine | HMDB | Suncholin | HMDB | Cidifos | MeSH, HMDB | Diphosphate choline, cytidine | MeSH, HMDB | Choline, CDP | MeSH, HMDB | CDP Choline | MeSH, HMDB | 5'-Diphosphocholine, cytidine | MeSH, HMDB | Cytidine 5' diphosphocholine | MeSH, HMDB | Choline, cytidine diphosphate | MeSH, HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C14H26N4O11P2 |
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Average Mass | 488.3240 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 488.10733 Da |
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IUPAC Name | {2-[({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(4-amino-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl phosphono)oxy]ethyl}trimethylazanium |
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Traditional Name | [2-({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl phosphono}oxy)ethyl]trimethylazanium |
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CAS Registry Number | 987-78-0 |
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SMILES | C[N+](C)(C)CCOP([O-])(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)N1C=CC(N)=NC1=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C14H26N4O11P2/c1-18(2,3)6-7-26-30(22,23)29-31(24,25)27-8-9-11(19)12(20)13(28-9)17-5-4-10(15)16-14(17)21/h4-5,9,11-13,19-20H,6-8H2,1-3H3,(H3-,15,16,21,22,23,24,25)/t9-,11-,12-,13-/m1/s1 |
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InChI Key | RZZPDXZPRHQOCG-OJAKKHQRSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Not Available | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available | Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidine ribonucleoside diphosphates. These are pyrimidine ribonucleotides with diphosphate group linked to the ribose moiety. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues |
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Class | Pyrimidine nucleotides |
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Sub Class | Pyrimidine ribonucleotides |
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Direct Parent | Pyrimidine ribonucleoside diphosphates |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Pyrimidine ribonucleoside diphosphate
- Pentose phosphate
- Pentose-5-phosphate
- Glycosyl compound
- N-glycosyl compound
- Phosphocholine
- Monosaccharide phosphate
- Organic pyrophosphate
- Pentose monosaccharide
- Aminopyrimidine
- Pyrimidone
- Monoalkyl phosphate
- Hydropyrimidine
- Monosaccharide
- Organic phosphoric acid derivative
- Phosphoric acid ester
- Pyrimidine
- Imidolactam
- Alkyl phosphate
- Tetrahydrofuran
- Quaternary ammonium salt
- Tetraalkylammonium salt
- Heteroaromatic compound
- Secondary alcohol
- 1,2-diol
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Oxacycle
- Azacycle
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Amine
- Alcohol
- Organic oxide
- Organooxygen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic salt
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic zwitterion
- Primary amine
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Porciatti V, Schiavi C, Benedetti P, Baldi A, Campos EC: Cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine improves visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and visually-evoked potentials of amblyopic subjects. Curr Eye Res. 1998 Feb;17(2):141-8. [PubMed:9523091 ]
- Babb SM, Wald LL, Cohen BM, Villafuerte RA, Gruber SA, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Renshaw PF: Chronic citicoline increases phosphodiesters in the brains of healthy older subjects: an in vivo phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2002 May;161(3):248-54. Epub 2002 Mar 22. [PubMed:12021827 ]
- Alvarez XA, Mouzo R, Pichel V, Perez P, Laredo M, Fernandez-Novoa L, Corzo L, Zas R, Alcaraz M, Secades JJ, Lozano R, Cacabelos R: Double-blind placebo-controlled study with citicoline in APOE genotyped Alzheimer's disease patients. Effects on cognitive performance, brain bioelectrical activity and cerebral perfusion. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Nov;21(9):633-44. [PubMed:10669911 ]
- Laurence AD, Layton M, Duley JA, Simmonds HA: Elevated erythrocyte CDP-choline levels associated with beta-thalassaemia in patients with transfusion independent anaemia. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids. 2004 Oct;23(8-9):1265-7. [PubMed:15571243 ]
- Friedman D, Cycowicz YM, Bersick M: The late negative episodic memory effect: the effect of recapitulating study details at test. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2005 May;23(2-3):185-98. Epub 2004 Nov 21. [PubMed:15820627 ]
- Alvarez XA, Laredo M, Corzo D, Fernandez-Novoa L, Mouzo R, Perea JE, Daniele D, Cacabelos R: Citicoline improves memory performance in elderly subjects. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1997 Apr;19(3):201-10. [PubMed:9203170 ]
- Paglia DE, Valentine WN, Nakatani M, Rauth BJ: Selective accumulation of cytosol CDP-choline as an isolated erythrocyte defect in chronic hemolysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 May;80(10):3081-5. [PubMed:6574471 ]
- Hayashida K: [Usefulness of SPECT images in helping radiologists understand brain diseases]. Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi. 2001 Apr;61(5):208-14. [PubMed:11398344 ]
- Renshaw PF, Daniels S, Lundahl LH, Rogers V, Lukas SE: Short-term treatment with citicoline (CDP-choline) attenuates some measures of craving in cocaine-dependent subjects: a preliminary report. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1999 Feb;142(2):132-8. [PubMed:10102764 ]
- Weiss GB: Metabolism and actions of CDP-choline as an endogenous compound and administered exogenously as citicoline. Life Sci. 1995;56(9):637-60. [PubMed:7869846 ]
- Petersen A, Borregaard N: A family with chronic haemolysis and selective accumulation of erythrocyte CDP-choline. Leukemia. 1997 Aug;11(8):1373-6. [PubMed:9264395 ]
- de la Morena E: Efficacy of CDP-choline in the treatment of senile alterations in memory. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1991;640:233-6. [PubMed:1776744 ]
- Secades JJ, Lorenzo JL: Citicoline: pharmacological and clinical review, 2006 update. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2006 Sep;28 Suppl B:1-56. [PubMed:17171187 ]
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