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Record Information
Version1.0
Created at2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Updated at2021-06-29 00:46:36 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0001203
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common NameTaurodeoxycholic acid
DescriptionTaurodeoxycholic acid is a bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depending only on the presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.G. Membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues (PMID: 11316487 , 16037564 , 12576301 , 11907135 ). Taurodeoxycholic acid can be found in Escherichia (PMID: 30736766 ).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
TaurodeoxycholateChEBI
Acid, taurodeoxycholicHMDB
Deoxycholate, taurineHMDB
Sodium taurodeoxycholateHMDB
Taurine deoxycholateHMDB
DeoxycholyltaurineHMDB
Taurodeoxycholate, sodiumHMDB
DeoxytaurocholateHMDB
Deoxytaurocholic acidHMDB
N-(3a,12a-Dihydroxy-5b-cholan-24-oyl)-taurineHMDB
Sodium taurodeoxylateHMDB
Taurodeoxycholic acid sodium saltHMDB
Taurodeoxycholic acid sodium salt hydrateHMDB
TaurodesoxycholateHMDB
Taurodesoxycholic acidHMDB
TudcabilHMDB
Chemical FormulaC26H45NO6S
Average Mass499.7040 Da
Monoisotopic Mass499.29676 Da
IUPAC Name2-[(4R)-4-[(1S,2S,5R,7R,10R,11S,14R,15R,16S)-5,16-dihydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadecan-14-yl]pentanamido]ethane-1-sulfonic acid
Traditional Name2-[(4R)-4-[(1S,2S,5R,7R,10R,11S,14R,15R,16S)-5,16-dihydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadecan-14-yl]pentanamido]ethanesulfonic acid
CAS Registry Number516-50-7
SMILES
[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC[C@]4([H])C[C@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])C[C@H](O)[C@]12C)[C@H](C)CCC(=O)NCCS(O)(=O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C26H45NO6S/c1-16(4-9-24(30)27-12-13-34(31,32)33)20-7-8-21-19-6-5-17-14-18(28)10-11-25(17,2)22(19)15-23(29)26(20,21)3/h16-23,28-29H,4-15H2,1-3H3,(H,27,30)(H,31,32,33)/t16-,17-,18-,19+,20-,21+,22+,23+,25+,26-/m1/s1
InChI KeyAWDRATDZQPNJFN-VAYUFCLWSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Predicted Spectra
Not Available
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Anas platyrhynchosFooDB
AnatidaeFooDB
Anser anserFooDB
Bison bisonFooDB
Bos taurusFooDB
Bos taurus X Bison bisonFooDB
Bubalus bubalisFooDB
Capra aegagrus hircusFooDB
CervidaeFooDB
Cervus canadensisFooDB
ColumbaFooDB
ColumbidaeFooDB
Dromaius novaehollandiaeFooDB
Equus caballusFooDB
Gallus gallusFooDB
Homo sapiensLOTUS Database
Lagopus mutaFooDB
LeporidaeFooDB
Lepus timidusFooDB
Melanitta fuscaFooDB
Meleagris gallopavoFooDB
Numida meleagrisFooDB
OdocoileusFooDB
OryctolagusFooDB
Ovis ariesFooDB
PhasianidaeFooDB
Phasianus colchicusFooDB
Streptomyces nigraLOTUS Database
Struthio camelusFooDB
Sus scrofaFooDB
Sus scrofa domesticaFooDB
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as taurinated bile acids and derivatives. These are bile acid derivatives containing a taurine conjugated to the bile acid moiety.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassSteroids and steroid derivatives
Sub ClassBile acids, alcohols and derivatives
Direct ParentTaurinated bile acids and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Taurinated bile acid
  • Dihydroxy bile acid, alcohol, or derivatives
  • Hydroxy bile acid, alcohol, or derivatives
  • 3-hydroxysteroid
  • 12-hydroxysteroid
  • 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid
  • Hydroxysteroid
  • Fatty amide
  • Fatty acyl
  • N-acyl-amine
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Alkanesulfonic acid
  • Sulfonyl
  • Organic sulfonic acid or derivatives
  • Organosulfonic acid or derivatives
  • Organosulfonic acid
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Secondary carboxylic acid amide
  • Carboxamide group
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organosulfur compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point204 - 208 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility41 mg/mLNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0078 g/LALOGPS
logP1.19ALOGPS
logP1.14ChemAxon
logS-4.8ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)-0.75ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-0.2ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count6ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count4ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area123.93 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count7ChemAxon
Refractivity130.6 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability56.55 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings4ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
HMDB IDHMDB0000896
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB022304
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID2015539
KEGG Compound IDC05463
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkTaurodeoxycholic_acid
METLIN ID5853
PubChem Compound2733768
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID9410
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
General References
  1. Bloch CA, Watkins JB: Determination of conjugated bile acids in human bile and duodenal fluid by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. J Lipid Res. 1978 May;19(4):510-3. [PubMed:659989 ]
  2. Foley DP, Collins BR, Magee JC, Platt JL, Katz E, Harland RC, Meyers WC, Chari RS: Bile acids in xenogeneic ex-vivo liver perfusion: function of xenoperfused livers and compatibility with human bile salts and porcine livers. Transplantation. 2000 Jan 27;69(2):242-8. [PubMed:10670634 ]
  3. Bretagne JF, Vidon N, L'Hirondel C, Bernier JJ: Increased cell loss in the human jejunum induced by laxatives (ricinoleic acid, dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate, magnesium sulphate, bile salts). Gut. 1981 Apr;22(4):264-9. [PubMed:6165655 ]
  4. Leveau P, Wang X, Sun Z, Borjesson A, Andersson E, Andersson R: Severity of pancreatitis-associated gut barrier dysfunction is reduced following treatment with the PAF inhibitor lexipafant. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 May 1;69(9):1325-31. [PubMed:15826603 ]
  5. Burkard I, von Eckardstein A, Rentsch KM: Differentiated quantification of human bile acids in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2005 Nov 5;826(1-2):147-59. Epub 2005 Sep 22. [PubMed:16182619 ]
  6. Lim HJ, Kim SY, Lee WK: Isolation of cholesterol-lowering lactic acid bacteria from human intestine for probiotic use. J Vet Sci. 2004 Dec;5(4):391-5. [PubMed:15613825 ]
  7. Muhlbauer M, Allard B, Bosserhoff AK, Kiessling S, Herfarth H, Rogler G, Scholmerich J, Jobin C, Hellerbrand C: Differential effects of deoxycholic acid and taurodeoxycholic acid on NF-kappa B signal transduction and IL-8 gene expression in colonic epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2004 Jun;286(6):G1000-8. Epub 2004 Jan 15. [PubMed:14726307 ]
  8. Pouwels MJ, Tack CJ, Span PN, Olthaar AJ, Sweep CG, Huvers FC, Lutterman JA, Hermus AR: Role of hexosamines in insulin resistance and nutrient sensing in human adipose and muscle tissue. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Oct;89(10):5132-7. [PubMed:15472217 ]
  9. Elkins CA, Mullis LB: Bile-mediated aminoglycoside sensitivity in Lactobacillus species likely results from increased membrane permeability attributable to cholic acid. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004 Dec;70(12):7200-9. [PubMed:15574918 ]
  10. Aubert E, Sbarra V, Le Petit-Thevenin J, Valette A, Lombardo D: Site-directed mutagenesis of the basic N-terminal cluster of pancreatic bile salt-dependent lipase. Functional significance. J Biol Chem. 2002 Sep 20;277(38):34987-96. Epub 2002 Jul 10. [PubMed:12110666 ]
  11. Xie Q, Li GM, Zhou XQ, Liao D, Yu H, Guo Q: [Effect of Tauroursodeoxycholic acid on cytochrome C-mediated apoptosis in HepG2 cells]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2003 May;11(5):298-301. [PubMed:12773247 ]
  12. St-Pierre MV, Kullak-Ublick GA, Hagenbuch B, Meier PJ: Transport of bile acids in hepatic and non-hepatic tissues. J Exp Biol. 2001 May;204(Pt 10):1673-86. [PubMed:11316487 ]
  13. Claudel T, Staels B, Kuipers F: The Farnesoid X receptor: a molecular link between bile acid and lipid and glucose metabolism. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005 Oct;25(10):2020-30. Epub 2005 Jul 21. [PubMed:16037564 ]
  14. Chiang JY: Bile acid regulation of hepatic physiology: III. Bile acids and nuclear receptors. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2003 Mar;284(3):G349-56. [PubMed:12576301 ]
  15. Davis RA, Miyake JH, Hui TY, Spann NJ: Regulation of cholesterol-7alpha-hydroxylase: BAREly missing a SHP. J Lipid Res. 2002 Apr;43(4):533-43. [PubMed:11907135 ]
  16. Xu Y, Yang L, Zhao S, Wang Z: Large-scale production of tauroursodeoxycholic acid products through fermentation optimization of engineered Escherichia coli cell factory. Microb Cell Fact. 2019 Feb 8;18(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s12934-019-1076-2. [PubMed:30736766 ]