Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Updated at | 2021-10-07 20:42:11 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0001099 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | Sorbitol |
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Description | Sorbitol is a polyhydric alcohol with about half the sweetness of sucrose. Sorbitol occurs naturally and is also produced synthetically from glucose. It was formerly used as a diuretic and may still be used as a laxative and in irrigating solutions for some surgical procedures. It is also used in many manufacturing processes, as a pharmaceutical aid, and in several research applications. Ascorbic acid fermentation; in solution form for moisture-conditioning of cosmetic creams and lotions, toothpaste, tobacco, gelatin; bodying agent for paper, textiles, and liquid pharmaceuticals; softener for candy; sugar crystallization inhibitor; surfactants; urethane resins and rigid foams; plasticizer, stabilizer for vinyl resins; food additive (sweetener, humectant, emulsifier, thickener, anticaking agent); dietary supplement. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary) Biological Source: Occurs widely in plants ranging from algae to the higher orders. Fruits of the plant family Rosaceae, which include apples, pears, cherries, apricots, contain appreciable amounts. Rich sources are the fruits of the Sorbus and Crataegus species Use/Importance: Used for manufacturing of sorbose, propylene glycol, ascorbic acid, resins, plasticizers and as antifreeze mixtures with glycerol or glycol. Tablet diluent, sweetening agent and humectant, other food uses. Sorbitol is used in photometric determination of Ru(VI) and Ru(VIII); in acid-base titration of borate (Dictionary of Organic Compounds). |
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Structure | OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO InChI=1S/C6H14O6/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8/h3-12H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5-,6-/m1/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(-)-Sorbitol | ChEBI | (2R,3R,4R,5S)-Hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol | ChEBI | D-(-)-Sorbitol | ChEBI | D-Sorbit | ChEBI | D-SORBITOL | ChEBI | e 420 | ChEBI | e-420 | ChEBI | e420 | ChEBI | g-Ol | ChEBI | GLC-Ol | ChEBI | L-Gulitol | ChEBI | D-Glucitol | Kegg | Sorbitol 3% in plastic container | Kegg | D-Sorbol | HMDB | Diakarmon | HMDB | Esasorb | HMDB | Foodol D 70 | HMDB | Glucarine | HMDB | Glucitol | HMDB | Karion | HMDB | Karion instant | HMDB | Kyowa powder 50m | HMDB | Multitol | HMDB | Neosorb | HMDB | Neosorb 20/60dC | HMDB | Neosorb 70/02 | HMDB | Neosorb 70/70 | HMDB | Neosorb p 20/60 | HMDB | Neosorb p 60 | HMDB | Neosorb p 60W | HMDB | Nivitin | HMDB | Resulax | HMDB | Sionit | HMDB | Sionit K | HMDB | Sionite | HMDB | Sionon | HMDB | Siosan | HMDB | Sorbex m | HMDB | Sorbex R | HMDB | Sorbex RP | HMDB | Sorbex S | HMDB | Sorbex X | HMDB | Sorbilande | HMDB | Sorbilax | HMDB | Sorbit | HMDB | Sorbit D 70 | HMDB | Sorbit D-powder | HMDB | Sorbit DP | HMDB | Sorbit DP 50 | HMDB | Sorbit kyowa powder 50m | HMDB | Sorbit L 70 | HMDB | Sorbit S | HMDB | Sorbit T 70 | HMDB | Sorbit W 70 | HMDB | Sorbit W-powder | HMDB | Sorbit W-powder 50 | HMDB | Sorbit WP | HMDB | Sorbite | HMDB | Sorbitol F | HMDB | Sorbitol FK | HMDB | Sorbitol FP | HMDB | Sorbitol S | HMDB | Sorbitol syrup C | HMDB | Sorbitur | HMDB | Sorbo | HMDB | Sorbogem 712 | HMDB | Sorbol | HMDB | Sorbostyl | HMDB | Medefield brand OF sorbitol | HMDB | Sorbitol pfizer brand | HMDB | Yal | HMDB | Klysma sorbit | HMDB | Medevac | HMDB | Trommsdorff brand OF sorbitol | HMDB | Baxter brand OF sorbitol | HMDB | Pfizer brand OF sorbitol | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C6H14O6 |
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Average Mass | 182.1718 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 182.07904 Da |
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IUPAC Name | (2R,3R,4R,5S)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol |
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Traditional Name | D-sorbitol |
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CAS Registry Number | 50-70-4 |
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SMILES | OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C6H14O6/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8/h3-12H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5-,6-/m1/s1 |
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InChI Key | FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Not Available | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, simulated) | v.dorna83@yahoo.com | Not Available | Not Available | 2021-08-12 | View Spectrum |
| Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Species Where Detected | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar alcohols. These are hydrogenated forms of carbohydrate in which the carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone, reducing sugar) has been reduced to a primary or secondary hydroxyl group. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic oxygen compounds |
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Class | Organooxygen compounds |
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Sub Class | Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates |
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Direct Parent | Sugar alcohols |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Sugar alcohol
- Monosaccharide
- Secondary alcohol
- Polyol
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Primary alcohol
- Alcohol
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Liquid |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 11 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | 494.00 to 495.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg | The Good Scents Company Information System | Water Solubility | 2750 mg/mL | Not Available | LogP | -2.20 | Sangster, J. (1993). LOGKOW- a Databank of Evaluated Octanol-Water Partition Coefficients. Sangster Research Laboratories, Montreal. |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Airey CM, Price DE, Kemp JV, Perkins CM, Wales JK: The effect of aldose reductase inhibition on erythrocyte polyols and galactitol accumulation in diabetic patients. Diabet Med. 1989 Dec;6(9):804-8. [PubMed:2533041 ]
- Shetty HU, Holloway HW, Rapoport SI: Capillary gas chromatography combined with ion trap detection for quantitative profiling of polyols in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. Anal Biochem. 1995 Jan 1;224(1):279-85. [PubMed:7710082 ]
- Sundkvist G, Dahlin LB, Nilsson H, Eriksson KF, Lindgarde F, Rosen I, Lattimer SA, Sima AA, Sullivan K, Greene DA: Sorbitol and myo-inositol levels and morphology of sural nerve in relation to peripheral nerve function and clinical neuropathy in men with diabetic, impaired, and normal glucose tolerance. Diabet Med. 2000 Apr;17(4):259-68. [PubMed:10821291 ]
- Morenkova SA: [Comparative analysis of dependence of saliva sorbitol and fructosamine levels on blood glucose level in patients with diabetes]. Biomed Khim. 2004;50(6):612-4. [PubMed:15707277 ]
- Bareford D, Jennings PE, Stone PC, Baar S, Barnett AH, Stuart J: Effects of hyperglycaemia and sorbitol accumulation on erythrocyte deformability in diabetes mellitus. J Clin Pathol. 1986 Jul;39(7):722-7. [PubMed:3090107 ]
- Ciuchi E, Odetti P, Prando R: Relationship between glutathione and sorbitol concentrations in erythrocytes from diabetic patients. Metabolism. 1996 May;45(5):611-3. [PubMed:8622605 ]
- Kwang-Hyok S, Ui-Nam P, Sarkar C, Bhadra R: A sensitive assay of red blood cell sorbitol level by high performance liquid chromatography: potential for diagnostic evaluation of diabetes. Clin Chim Acta. 2005 Apr;354(1-2):41-7. Epub 2005 Jan 18. [PubMed:15748598 ]
- Nau R: Osmotherapy for elevated intracranial pressure: a critical reappraisal. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2000 Jan;38(1):23-40. [PubMed:10668857 ]
- Belanger DR, Tierney MG, Dickinson G: Effect of sodium polystyrene sulfonate on lithium bioavailability. Ann Emerg Med. 1992 Nov;21(11):1312-5. [PubMed:1416324 ]
- Ciuchi E, Odetti P, Prando R: The effect of acute glutathione treatment on sorbitol level in erythrocytes from diabetic patients. Diabetes Metab. 1997 Feb;23(1):58-60. [PubMed:9059767 ]
- Shinohara R, Ohta Y, Yamauchi M, Ishiguro I: Improved fluorometric enzymatic sorbitol assay in human blood. Clin Chim Acta. 1998 May 25;273(2):171-84. [PubMed:9657347 ]
- Peterson MJ, Page MG, Just LJ, Aldinger CE, Malone JI: Applicability of red blood cell sorbitol measurements to monitor the clinical activity of sorbinil. Metabolism. 1986 Apr;35(4 Suppl 1):93-5. [PubMed:3515121 ]
- Vertommen J, Rillaerts E, Gysels M, De Leeuw I: Erythrocyte sorbitol content in diabetic patients: relation to metabolic control. Diabete Metab. 1987 Jun;13(3):182-6. [PubMed:3301442 ]
- Cunningham JJ, Mearkle PL, Brown RG: Vitamin C: an aldose reductase inhibitor that normalizes erythrocyte sorbitol in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Am Coll Nutr. 1994 Aug;13(4):344-50. [PubMed:7963139 ]
- Kamon N, Mabuchi H, Takeda R, Terashima H: Effects of aldose reductase inhibitor (ONO-2235) on human erythrocyte sorbitol concentrations in 75 g oral glucose tolerance tests. Horm Metab Res. 1991 May;23(5):226-9. [PubMed:1908433 ]
- Sizeland PC, Chambers ST, Lever M, Bason LM, Robson RA: Short-term response of nonurea organic osmolytes in human kidney to a water load and water deprivation. Am J Physiol. 1995 Feb;268(2 Pt 2):F227-33. [PubMed:7864160 ]
- van Griensven JM, Jusko WJ, Lemkes HH, Kroon R, Verhorst CJ, Chiang ST, Cohen AF: Tolrestat pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects on red blood cell sorbitol levels in normal volunteers and in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1995 Dec;58(6):631-40. [PubMed:8529328 ]
- Regenold WT, Kling MA, Hauser P: Elevated sorbitol concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with mood disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2000 Aug;25(6):593-606. [PubMed:10840171 ]
- Gehring H, Hornberger C, Dibbelt L, Dorges V, Eichenauer R, Schmucker P: Detecting and quantifying absorbed irrigation fluid by measuring mannitol and sorbitol concentrations in serum samples, and by ethanol monitoring. BJU Int. 2002 Feb;89(3):202-7. [PubMed:11856099 ]
- Burggraaf J, Schoemaker RC, Lentjes EG, Cohen AF: Sorbitol as a marker for drug-induced decreases of variable duration in liver blood flow in healthy volunteers. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2000 Dec;12(2):133-9. [PubMed:11102741 ]
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