Np mrd loader

Record Information
Version2.0
Created at2006-05-22 15:12:49 UTC
Updated at2024-09-03 04:19:10 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0001038
Natural Product DOIhttps://doi.org/10.57994/1655
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common NamePhloretin
DescriptionPhloretin is the aglucone of phlorizin, a plant-derived dihydrochalcone phytochemical reported to promote potent antioxidative activities in peroxynitrite scavenging and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Phloretin, which is present in apples, pears and tomatoes, has been found to inhibit the growth of several cancer cells and induce apoptosis of B16 melanoma and HL60 human leukemia cells. Phloretin also inhibits HT-29 cell growth by inducing apoptosis, which may be mediated through changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability and activation of the caspase pathways. Phloretin is a well-known inhibitor of eukaryotic urea transporters, blocks VacA-mediated urea and ion transport (PMID: 18158826 , 11560962 , 18063724 , 15671209 , 12083758 ). Phloretin is a biomarker for the consumption of apples. Phloretin has been found to be a metabolite of Escherichia (PMID: 23542617 ).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoneChEBI
2,6-Dihydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenoneHMDB
4-O-MethylphloracetophenoneHMDB
DihydronaringeninHMDB
PhloretolHMDB
Chemical FormulaC15H14O5
Average Mass274.2687 Da
Monoisotopic Mass274.08412 Da
IUPAC Name3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one
Traditional Namephloretin
CAS Registry Number60-82-2
SMILES
OC1=CC=C(CCC(=O)C2=C(O)C=C(O)C=C2O)C=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C15H14O5/c16-10-4-1-9(2-5-10)3-6-12(18)15-13(19)7-11(17)8-14(15)20/h1-2,4-5,7-8,16-17,19-20H,3,6H2
InChI KeyVGEREEWJJVICBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental)bgnzk@missouri.eduMU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-01-23View Spectrum
HSQC NMR[1H, 13C] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental)bgnzk@missouri.eduMU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-01-23View Spectrum
HMBC NMR[1H, 13C] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental)bgnzk@missouri.eduMU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-01-23View Spectrum
COSY NMR[1H, 1H] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental)bgnzk@missouri.eduMU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-01-23View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, CD3OD, experimental)bgnzk@missouri.eduMU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-01-23View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Predicted Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Boesenbergia rotundaLOTUS Database
Citrus limonKNApSAcK Database
Helichrysum splendidumKNApSAcK Database
Kalmia latifoliaLOTUS Database
Lippia origanoidesLOTUS Database
Loiseleuria procumbensLOTUS Database
Loiseleuria procumbens (L.) Desv.KNApSAcK Database
Malus doumeriLOTUS Database
Malus doumeri varl formosanaKNApSAcK Database
Malus pumilaFooDB
Pieris japonicaKNApSAcK Database
Populus balsamiferaLOTUS Database
Populus trichocarpaKNApSAcK Database
Posidonia oceanicaKNApSAcK Database
Punica granatumKNApSAcK Database
Pyrus communisFooDB
Vicia fabaKNApSAcK Database
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 2'-hydroxy-dihydrochalcones. These are organic compounds containing dihydrochalcone skeleton that carries a hydroxyl group at the 2'-position.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassPhenylpropanoids and polyketides
ClassLinear 1,3-diarylpropanoids
Sub ClassChalcones and dihydrochalcones
Direct Parent2'-Hydroxy-dihydrochalcones
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • 2'-hydroxy-dihydrochalcone
  • Cinnamylphenol
  • Alkyl-phenylketone
  • Acylphloroglucinol derivative
  • Butyrophenone
  • Benzenetriol
  • Phloroglucinol derivative
  • Phenylketone
  • Aryl alkyl ketone
  • Aryl ketone
  • Benzoyl
  • Phenol
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Benzenoid
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Vinylogous acid
  • Ketone
  • Polyol
  • Organic oxide
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point263.5 °CNot Available
Boiling Point534.00 to 535.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm HgThe Good Scents Company Information System
Water Solubility0.12 mg/mL at 16 °CNot Available
LogP2.514 (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.13 g/LALOGPS
logP2.23ALOGPS
logP3.9ChemAxon
logS-3.3ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)7.96ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-4.6ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count4ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area97.99 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count4ChemAxon
Refractivity73.71 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability27.75 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
HMDB IDHMDB0003306
DrugBank IDDB07810
Phenol Explorer Compound ID108
FoodDB IDFDB016581
KNApSAcK IDC00007936
Chemspider ID4624
KEGG Compound IDC00774
BioCyc IDPHLORETIN
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkPhloretin
METLIN ID3405
PubChem Compound4788
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17276
Good Scents IDrw1274381
References
General References
  1. Sharif NA, Crider JY, Davis TL: AL-3138 antagonizes FP prostanoid receptor-mediated inositol phosphates generation: comparison with some purported FP antagonists. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2000 Dec;52(12):1529-39. [PubMed:11197083 ]
  2. DuPont MS, Bennett RN, Mellon FA, Williamson G: Polyphenols from alcoholic apple cider are absorbed, metabolized and excreted by humans. J Nutr. 2002 Feb;132(2):172-5. [PubMed:11823574 ]
  3. Ito H, Gonthier MP, Manach C, Morand C, Mennen L, Remesy C, Scalbert A: Polyphenol levels in human urine after intake of six different polyphenol-rich beverages. Br J Nutr. 2005 Oct;94(4):500-9. [PubMed:16197573 ]
  4. Nielsen SE, Freese R, Kleemola P, Mutanen M: Flavonoids in human urine as biomarkers for intake of fruits and vegetables. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2002 May;11(5):459-66. [PubMed:12010860 ]
  5. Fan HT, Morishima S, Kida H, Okada Y: Phloretin differentially inhibits volume-sensitive and cyclic AMP-activated, but not Ca-activated, Cl(-) channels. Br J Pharmacol. 2001 Aug;133(7):1096-106. [PubMed:11487521 ]
  6. Stangl V, Lorenz M, Ludwig A, Grimbo N, Guether C, Sanad W, Ziemer S, Martus P, Baumann G, Stangl K: The flavonoid phloretin suppresses stimulated expression of endothelial adhesion molecules and reduces activation of human platelets. J Nutr. 2005 Feb;135(2):172-8. [PubMed:15671209 ]
  7. Rasmussen SE, Breinholt VM: Non-nutritive bioactive food constituents of plants: bioavailability of flavonoids. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2003 Mar;73(2):101-11. [PubMed:12747217 ]
  8. Zerbini G, Podesta F, Meregalli G, Deferrari G, Pontremoli R: Fibroblast Na+-Li+ countertransport rate is elevated in essential hypertension. J Hypertens. 2001 Jul;19(7):1263-9. [PubMed:11446716 ]
  9. Park SY, Kim EJ, Shin HK, Kwon DY, Kim MS, Surh YJ, Park JH: Induction of apoptosis in HT-29 colon cancer cells by phloretin. J Med Food. 2007 Dec;10(4):581-6. [PubMed:18158826 ]
  10. Tombola F, Morbiato L, Del Giudice G, Rappuoli R, Zoratti M, Papini E: The Helicobacter pylori VacA toxin is a urea permease that promotes urea diffusion across epithelia. J Clin Invest. 2001 Sep;108(6):929-37. [PubMed:11560962 ]
  11. Pajor AM, Randolph KM, Kerner SA, Smith CD: Inhibitor binding in the human renal low- and high-affinity Na+/glucose cotransporters. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2008 Mar;324(3):985-91. Epub 2007 Dec 6. [PubMed:18063724 ]
  12. Rezk BM, Haenen GR, van der Vijgh WJ, Bast A: The antioxidant activity of phloretin: the disclosure of a new antioxidant pharmacophore in flavonoids. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Jul 5;295(1):9-13. [PubMed:12083758 ]
  13. Pandey RP, Li TF, Kim EH, Yamaguchi T, Park YI, Kim JS, Sohng JK: Enzymatic synthesis of novel phloretin glucosides. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2013 Jun;79(11):3516-21. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00409-13. Epub 2013 Mar 29. [PubMed:23542617 ]