Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Updated at | 2024-09-03 04:18:55 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0001019 |
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Natural Product DOI | https://doi.org/10.57994/1567 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | Retinal |
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Description | Retinal is a carotenoid constituent of visual pigments. It is the oxidized form of retinol which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is bound to the protein opsin forming the complex rhodopsin. When stimulated by visible light, the retinal component of the rhodopsin complex undergoes isomerization at the 11-position of the double bond to the cis-form; this is reversed in "dark" reactions to return to the native trans-configuration. |
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Structure | C\C(\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)=C/C=O InChI=1S/C20H28O/c1-16(8-6-9-17(2)13-15-21)11-12-19-18(3)10-7-14-20(19,4)5/h6,8-9,11-13,15H,7,10,14H2,1-5H3/b9-6+,12-11+,16-8+,17-13+ |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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all-e-Retinal | ChEBI | all-trans-Retinaldehyde | ChEBI | all-trans-Retinene | ChEBI | all-trans-Vitamin a aldehyde | ChEBI | Axerophthal | ChEBI | e-Retinal | ChEBI | Retinaldehyde | ChEBI | Retinene | ChEBI | Retinene 1 | ChEBI | Retinyl aldehyde | ChEBI | trans-Retinal | ChEBI | trans-Vitamin a aldehyde | ChEBI | Vitamin a aldehyde | ChEBI | Vitamin a1 aldehyde | ChEBI | all-trans-Retinal | Kegg | Aldehyde, vitamin a | HMDB | 11 cis Retinal | HMDB | 11-cis-Retinal | HMDB | 3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraenal | HMDB | all-epsilon-Retinal | HMDB | alpha-Retinene | HMDB | epsilon-Retinal | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C20H28O |
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Average Mass | 284.4357 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 284.21402 Da |
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IUPAC Name | (2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenal |
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Traditional Name | retinaldehyde |
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CAS Registry Number | 116-31-4 |
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SMILES | C\C(\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)=C/C=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C20H28O/c1-16(8-6-9-17(2)13-15-21)11-12-19-18(3)10-7-14-20(19,4)5/h6,8-9,11-13,15H,7,10,14H2,1-5H3/b9-6+,12-11+,16-8+,17-13+ |
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InChI Key | NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-OVSJKPMPSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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HSQC NMR | [1H, 13C] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental) | bgnzk@missouri.edu | MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USA | Dr. Bharat Goel | 2024-01-10 | View Spectrum | HMBC NMR | [1H, 13C] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental) | bgnzk@missouri.edu | MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USA | Dr. Bharat Goel | 2024-01-10 | View Spectrum | COSY NMR | [1H, 1H] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental) | bgnzk@missouri.edu | MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USA | Dr. Bharat Goel | 2024-01-10 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental) | bgnzk@missouri.edu | MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USA | Dr. Bharat Goel | 2024-01-10 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor ID | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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| Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available | Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as retinoids. These are oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Prenol lipids |
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Sub Class | Retinoids |
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Direct Parent | Retinoids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Retinoid skeleton
- Diterpenoid
- Enal
- Alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aldehyde
- Aliphatic homomonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Chang M, Herbert WN: Retinal arteriolar occlusions following amniotic fluid embolism. Ophthalmology. 1984 Dec;91(12):1634-7. [PubMed:6521996 ]
- Nguyen QD, Van Do D, Feke GT, Demirjian ZN, Lashkari K: Heparin-induced antiheparin-platelet antibody associated with retinal venous thrombosis. Ophthalmology. 2003 Mar;110(3):600-3. [PubMed:12623829 ]
- Aarli JA, Mork SJ, Myrseth E, Larsen JL: Glioblastoma associated with multiple sclerosis: coincidence or induction? Eur Neurol. 1989;29(6):312-6. [PubMed:2691257 ]
- Jankowska R, Witkowska D, Porebska I, Kuropatwa M, Kurowska E, Gorczyca WA: Serum antibodies to retinal antigens in lung cancer and sarcoidosis. Pathobiology. 2004;71(6):323-8. [PubMed:15627843 ]
- Weiland JD, Liu W, Humayun MS: Retinal prosthesis. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2005;7:361-401. [PubMed:16004575 ]
- Fukushima A, Ueno H, Fujimoto S: Antigenic cross-reactivity between human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) and retinal antigens recognized by T cells. Clin Exp Immunol. 1994 Mar;95(3):459-64. [PubMed:8137541 ]
- Bradbury MW, Lightman SL: The blood-brain interface. Eye (Lond). 1990;4 ( Pt 2):249-54. [PubMed:2199234 ]
- Bringmann A, Reichenbach A, Wiedemann P: Pathomechanisms of cystoid macular edema. Ophthalmic Res. 2004 Sep-Oct;36(5):241-9. [PubMed:15583429 ]
- Wu WC, Lai CC, Liu JH, Singh T, Li LM, Peumans WJ, Van Damme EJ, Wu AM: Differential binding to glycotopes among the layers of three mammalian retinal neurons by man-containing N-linked glycan, T(alpha) (Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha1-), Tn (GalNAcalpha1-Ser/Thr) and I (beta)/II (beta) (Galbeta1-3/4GlcNAcbeta-) reactive lectins. Neurochem Res. 2006 May;31(5):619-28. Epub 2006 May 23. [PubMed:16770733 ]
- Yamashiro K, Tsujikawa A, Ishida S, Usui T, Kaji Y, Honda Y, Ogura Y, Adamis AP: Platelets accumulate in the diabetic retinal vasculature following endothelial death and suppress blood-retinal barrier breakdown. Am J Pathol. 2003 Jul;163(1):253-9. [PubMed:12819029 ]
- Ramirez JM, Ramirez AI, Salazar JJ, de Hoz R, Trivino A: Changes of astrocytes in retinal ageing and age-related macular degeneration. Exp Eye Res. 2001 Nov;73(5):601-15. [PubMed:11747361 ]
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