Np mrd loader

Record Information
Version2.0
Created at2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Updated at2024-09-17 15:43:25 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0000938
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common NameProstaglandin E2
DescriptionThe naturally occurring prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is known in medicine as dinoprostone, and it is the most common and most biologically active of the mammalian prostaglandins. It has important effects during labour and also stimulates osteoblasts to release factors which stimulate bone resorption by osteoclasts (a type of bone cell that removes bone tissue by removing the bone's mineralized matrix). PGE2 is also the prostaglandin that ultimately induces fever. PGE2 has been shown to increase vasodilation and cAMP production, enhance the effects of bradykinin and histamine, and induce uterine contractions and platelet aggregation. PGE2 is also responsible for maintaining the open passageway of the fetal ductus arteriosus, decreasing T-cell proliferation and lymphocyte migration, and activating the secretion of IL-1α and IL-2. PGE2 exhibits both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects, particularly on dendritic cells (DC). Depending on the nature of maturation signals, PGE2 has different and sometimes opposite effects on DC biology. PGE2 exerts an inhibitory action, reducing the maturation of DC and their ability to present antigen. PGE2 has also been shown to stimulate DC and promote IL-12 production when given in combination with TNF-alpha. PGE2 is an environmentally bioactive substance. Its action is prolonged and sustained by other factors especially IL-10. It modulates the activities of professional DC by acting on their differentiation, maturation, and their ability to secrete cytokines. PGE2 is a potent inducer of IL-10 in bone marrow-derived DC (BM-DC). PGE2-induced IL-10 is a key regulator of the BM-DC pro-inflammatory phenotype (PMID: 16978535 ). Prostaglandins are eicosanoids. The eicosanoids consist of the prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), leukotrienes (LTs), and lipoxins (LXs). The PGs and TXs are collectively identified as prostanoids. Prostaglandins were originally shown to be synthesized in the prostate gland, thromboxanes from platelets (thrombocytes), and leukotrienes from leukocytes, hence the derivation of their names. All mammalian cells except erythrocytes synthesize eicosanoids. These molecules are extremely potent and are able to cause profound physiological effects at very dilute concentrations. All eicosanoids function locally at the site of synthesis through receptor-mediated G-protein linked signalling pathways.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
(15S)-Prostaglandin e2ChEBI
(5Z,11alpha,13E,15S)-11,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-Oic acidChEBI
(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11alpha,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoateChEBI
(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11alpha,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoateChEBI
(e,Z)-(1R,2R,3R)-7-(3-Hydroxy-2-((3S)-(3-hydroxy-1-octenyl))-5-oxocyclopentyl)-5-heptenoic acidChEBI
(Z)-7-((1R,2R,3R)-3-Hydroxy-2-((S,e)-3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl)-5-oxocyclopentyl)hept-5-enoic acidChEBI
CervidilChEBI
CerviprimeChEBI
CerviprostChEBI
DinoprostonChEBI
DinoprostonaChEBI
DinoprostoneChEBI
DinoprostonumChEBI
Enzaprost eChEBI
Glandin-e2ChEBI
Minprositin e2ChEBI
Minprostin e2ChEBI
PGE2ChEBI
PrepidilChEBI
PropessChEBI
Prostarmon eChEBI
ProstenoneChEBI
ProstinChEBI
Prostin e2ChEBI
U 12062ChEBI
U-12,062ChEBI
U-12062ChEBI
(5Z,11a,13E,15S)-11,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-OateGenerator
(5Z,11a,13E,15S)-11,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-Oic acidGenerator
(5Z,11alpha,13E,15S)-11,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-OateGenerator
(5Z,11Α,13E,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-OateGenerator
(5Z,11Α,13E,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-Oic acidGenerator
(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11a,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoateGenerator
(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11a,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoic acidGenerator
(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11alpha,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoic acidGenerator
(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11Α,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoateGenerator
(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11Α,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoic acidGenerator
(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11a,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoateGenerator
(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11a,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoic acidGenerator
(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11alpha,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoic acidGenerator
(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11Α,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoateGenerator
(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11Α,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoic acidGenerator
(e,Z)-(1R,2R,3R)-7-(3-Hydroxy-2-((3S)-(3-hydroxy-1-octenyl))-5-oxocyclopentyl)-5-heptenoateGenerator
(Z)-7-((1R,2R,3R)-3-Hydroxy-2-((S,e)-3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl)-5-oxocyclopentyl)hept-5-enoateGenerator
(-)-Prostaglandin e2HMDB
(5Z,13E,15S)-11-alpha,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-5,13-dienoateHMDB
(5Z,13E,15S)-11-alpha,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-5,13-dienoic acidHMDB
5-trans-PGE2HMDB
GlandinHMDB
L-Prostaglandin e2HMDB
Prostaglandin eHMDB
Prostaglandin e2alphaHMDB
e2, ProstaglandinHMDB
Prepidil gelHMDB
alpha, Prostaglandin e2HMDB
e2 alpha, ProstaglandinHMDB
e2alpha, ProstaglandinHMDB
alpha, PGE2HMDB
ProstenonHMDB
Gel, prepidilHMDB
PGE2 alphaHMDB
PGE2alphaHMDB
Prostaglandin e2 alphaHMDB
Chemical FormulaC20H32O5
Average Mass352.4651 Da
Monoisotopic Mass352.22497 Da
IUPAC Name(5Z)-7-[(1R,2R,3R)-3-hydroxy-2-[(1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl]-5-oxocyclopentyl]hept-5-enoic acid
Traditional Namedinoprostone
CAS Registry Number363-24-6
SMILES
CCCCC[C@H](O)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)CC(=O)[C@@H]1C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C20H32O5/c1-2-3-6-9-15(21)12-13-17-16(18(22)14-19(17)23)10-7-4-5-8-11-20(24)25/h4,7,12-13,15-17,19,21,23H,2-3,5-6,8-11,14H2,1H3,(H,24,25)/b7-4-,13-12+/t15-,16+,17+,19+/m0/s1
InChI KeyXEYBRNLFEZDVAW-ARSRFYASSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, 100%_DMSO, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Predicted Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Anas platyrhynchosFooDB
AnatidaeFooDB
Anser anserFooDB
Bison bisonFooDB
Bos taurusFooDB
Bos taurus X Bison bisonFooDB
Bubalus bubalisFooDB
Capra aegagrus hircusFooDB
CervidaeFooDB
Cervus canadensisFooDB
Cervus nipponLOTUS Database
ColumbaFooDB
ColumbidaeFooDB
Dromaius novaehollandiaeFooDB
Equus caballusFooDB
Gallus gallusFooDB
Gersemia fruticosaLOTUS Database
Lagopus mutaFooDB
Larix sibiricaLOTUS Database
LeporidaeFooDB
Lepus timidusFooDB
Melanitta fuscaFooDB
Meleagris gallopavoFooDB
Mus musculusLOTUS Database
Numida meleagrisFooDB
OdocoileusFooDB
OryctolagusFooDB
Ovis ariesFooDB
PhasianidaeFooDB
Phasianus colchicusFooDB
Populus balsamiferaLOTUS Database
Struthio camelusFooDB
Sus scrofaFooDB
Sus scrofa domesticaFooDB
Trypanosoma bruceiLOTUS Database
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as prostaglandins and related compounds. These are unsaturated carboxylic acids consisting of a 20 carbon skeleton that also contains a five member ring, and are based upon the fatty acid arachidonic acid.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassFatty Acyls
Sub ClassEicosanoids
Direct ParentProstaglandins and related compounds
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Prostaglandin skeleton
  • Long-chain fatty acid
  • Hydroxy fatty acid
  • Cyclopentanol
  • Fatty acid
  • Unsaturated fatty acid
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Ketone
  • Cyclic ketone
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Alcohol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aliphatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point67 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogP2.82Hansch CH, Leo A and Hoekman DH. "Exploring QSAR: Hydrophobic, Electronic, and Steric Constraints. Volume 1" ACS Publications (1995).
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.044 g/LALOGPS
logP3.31ALOGPS
logP3.23ChemAxon
logS-3.9ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.3ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-1.6ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area94.83 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count12ChemAxon
Refractivity99.44 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability41 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
HMDB IDHMDB0001220
DrugBank IDDB00917
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB022498
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID4444059
KEGG Compound IDC00584
BioCyc ID5Z13E-15S-1115-DIHYDROXY-9-OXOPROS
BiGG ID35424
Wikipedia LinkProstaglandin_E2
METLIN ID6089
PubChem Compound5280360
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID15551
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
General References
  1. Catanzarite VA: Prophylactic intramyometrial carboprost tromethamine does not substantially reduce blood loss relative to intramyometrial oxytocin at routine cesarean section. Am J Perinatol. 1990 Jan;7(1):39-42. [PubMed:2403792 ]
  2. Ilzecka J: Prostaglandin E2 is increased in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. Acta Neurol Scand. 2003 Aug;108(2):125-9. [PubMed:12859290 ]
  3. Waschbisch A, Fiebich BL, Akundi RS, Schmitz ML, Hoozemans JJ, Candelario-Jalil E, Virtainen N, Veerhuis R, Slawik H, Yrjanheikki J, Hull M: Interleukin-1 beta-induced expression of the prostaglandin E-receptor subtype EP3 in U373 astrocytoma cells depends on protein kinase C and nuclear factor-kappaB. J Neurochem. 2006 Feb;96(3):680-93. Epub 2006 Jan 9. [PubMed:16405508 ]
  4. Seo JY, Kim EK, Lee SH, Park KC, Kim KH, Eun HC, Chung JH: Enhanced expression of cylooxygenase-2 by UV in aged human skin in vivo. Mech Ageing Dev. 2003 Aug-Sep;124(8-9):903-10. [PubMed:14499495 ]
  5. Amato F, Rizzuto G, Nicoletti A, Senatore M, Roberti R: [Isolated peripheral arterial ischaemia and medullary neurostimulation: case report]. G Ital Nefrol. 2003 Mar-Apr;20(2):200-4. [PubMed:12746806 ]
  6. Laitinen K, Arvola T, Moilanen E, Lampi AM, Ruuska T, Isolauri E: Characterization of breast milk received by infants with gross blood in stools. Biol Neonate. 2005;87(1):66-72. Epub 2004 Nov 9. [PubMed:15542928 ]
  7. Yamada M, Ogata M, Kawai M, Mashima Y, Nishida T: Substance P in human tears. Cornea. 2003 Oct;22(7 Suppl):S48-54. [PubMed:14703707 ]
  8. Choi SH, Langenbach R, Bosetti F: Cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 enzymes differentially regulate the brain upstream NF-kappa B pathway and downstream enzymes involved in prostaglandin biosynthesis. J Neurochem. 2006 Aug;98(3):801-11. Epub 2006 Jun 19. [PubMed:16787416 ]
  9. Schmitz T, Dallot E, Leroy MJ, Breuiller-Fouche M, Ferre F, Cabrol D: EP(4) receptors mediate prostaglandin E(2)-stimulated glycosaminoglycan synthesis in human cervical fibroblasts in culture. Mol Hum Reprod. 2001 Apr;7(4):397-402. [PubMed:11279302 ]
  10. Christidis N, Kopp S, Ernberg M: The effect on mechanical pain threshold over human muscles by oral administration of granisetron and diclofenac-sodium. Pain. 2005 Feb;113(3):265-70. [PubMed:15661432 ]
  11. Konopka T, Rutkowska M, Hirnle L, Kopec W, Karolewska E: The secretion of prostaglandin E2 and interleukin 1-beta in women with periodontal diseases and preterm low-birth-weight. Bull Group Int Rech Sci Stomatol Odontol. 2003 Jan-Apr;45(1):18-28. [PubMed:14535055 ]
  12. Iizuka H, Ohkawara A, Ishibashi Y: Human skin epidermal adenylate cyclase systems: defective beta-adrenergic responsiveness in the involved epidermis of Darier's disease. Curr Probl Dermatol. 1983;11:45-58. [PubMed:6317292 ]
  13. Greaves MW: Does ultraviolet-evoked prostaglandin formation protect skin from actinic cancer? Lancet. 1978 Jan 28;1(8057):189. [PubMed:74611 ]
  14. Harizi H, Gualde N: Pivotal role of PGE2 and IL-10 in the cross-regulation of dendritic cell-derived inflammatory mediators. Cell Mol Immunol. 2006 Aug;3(4):271-7. [PubMed:16978535 ]