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Record Information
Version2.0
Created at2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Updated at2024-09-17 15:43:20 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0000915
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • NP0002604
Natural Product Identification
Common NameNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
DescriptionNAD (or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is used extensively in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle of cellular respiration. The reducing potential stored in NADH can be either converted into ATP through the electron transport chain or used for anabolic metabolism. ATP "energy" is necessary for an organism to live. Green plants obtain ATP through photosynthesis, while other organisms obtain it via cellular respiration (Wikipedia). NAD is a coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by a pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH) (Dorland, 27th ed).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC21H28N7O14P2
Average Mass664.4330 Da
Monoisotopic Mass664.11695 Da
IUPAC Name1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-5-({[({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl phosphono}oxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy}methyl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-3-(C-hydroxycarbonimidoyl)-1lambda5-pyridin-1-ylium
Traditional Name1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-5-{[({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl phosphono}oxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]methyl}-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-3-(C-hydroxycarbonimidoyl)-1lambda5-pyridin-1-ylium
CAS Registry Number53-84-9
SMILES
NC(=O)C1=C[N+](=CC=C1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)N2C=NC3=C2N=CN=C3N)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C21H27N7O14P2/c22-17-12-19(25-7-24-17)28(8-26-12)21-16(32)14(30)11(41-21)6-39-44(36,37)42-43(34,35)38-5-10-13(29)15(31)20(40-10)27-3-1-2-9(4-27)18(23)33/h1-4,7-8,10-11,13-16,20-21,29-32H,5-6H2,(H5-,22,23,24,25,33,34,35,36,37)/p+1/t10-,11-,13-,14-,15-,16-,20-,21-/m1/s1
InChI KeyBAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-O
Experimental Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Predicted Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of Origin
Species Where Detected
Species NameSourceReference
Escherichia coliKNApSAcK Database
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as (5'->5')-dinucleotides. These are dinucleotides where the two bases are connected via a (5'->5')-phosphodiester linkage.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassNucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues
Class(5'->5')-dinucleotides
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct Parent(5'->5')-dinucleotides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • (5'->5')-dinucleotide
  • Purine nucleotide sugar
  • Purine ribonucleoside diphosphate
  • Purine ribonucleoside monophosphate
  • Nicotinamide-nucleotide
  • Pyridine nucleotide
  • Pentose-5-phosphate
  • Pentose phosphate
  • Glycosyl compound
  • N-glycosyl compound
  • 6-aminopurine
  • Monosaccharide phosphate
  • Organic pyrophosphate
  • Purine
  • Imidazopyrimidine
  • Nicotinamide
  • Monoalkyl phosphate
  • Aminopyrimidine
  • Monosaccharide
  • N-substituted imidazole
  • Organic phosphoric acid derivative
  • Imidolactam
  • Phosphoric acid ester
  • Alkyl phosphate
  • Pyrimidine
  • Pyridinium
  • Pyridine
  • Tetrahydrofuran
  • Azole
  • Imidazole
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Carboximidic acid derivative
  • Carboximidic acid
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Oxacycle
  • Azacycle
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Organic zwitterion
  • Primary amine
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Amine
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point140.0 - 142.0 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility752.5 mg/mLNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility1.81 g/LALOGPS
logP-1.2ALOGPS
logP-10ChemAxon
logS-2.5ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)1.85ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)6.38ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count16ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count8ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area322.08 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count11ChemAxon
Refractivity151.81 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability58.5 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings5ChemAxon
BioavailabilityNoChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
HMDB IDHMDB0000902
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB031053
KNApSAcK IDC00007256
Chemspider ID5681
KEGG Compound IDC00003
BioCyc IDNAD
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound5892
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID44215
Good Scents IDrw1349891
References
General References
  1. Brautigam CA, Chuang JL, Tomchick DR, Machius M, Chuang DT: Crystal structure of human dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase: NAD+/NADH binding and the structural basis of disease-causing mutations. J Mol Biol. 2005 Jul 15;350(3):543-52. [PubMed:15946682 ]
  2. Ying W: NAD+ and NADH in cellular functions and cell death. Front Biosci. 2006 Sep 1;11:3129-48. [PubMed:16720381 ]
  3. Hamza A, Cho H, Tai HH, Zhan CG: Understanding human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase binding with NAD+ and PGE2 by homology modeling, docking and molecular dynamics simulation. Bioorg Med Chem. 2005 Jul 15;13(14):4544-51. [PubMed:15908215 ]
  4. Begonja AJ, Gambaryan S, Geiger J, Aktas B, Pozgajova M, Nieswandt B, Walter U: Platelet NAD(P)H-oxidase-generated ROS production regulates alphaIIbbeta3-integrin activation independent of the NO/cGMP pathway. Blood. 2005 Oct 15;106(8):2757-60. Epub 2005 Jun 23. [PubMed:15976180 ]
  5. Bruzzone S, Moreschi I, Guida L, Usai C, Zocchi E, De Flora A: Extracellular NAD+ regulates intracellular calcium levels and induces activation of human granulocytes. Biochem J. 2006 Feb 1;393(Pt 3):697-704. [PubMed:16225456 ]
  6. Kim MY, Zhang T, Kraus WL: Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation by PARP-1: 'PAR-laying' NAD+ into a nuclear signal. Genes Dev. 2005 Sep 1;19(17):1951-67. [PubMed:16140981 ]
  7. Kunsman GW, Manno JE, Cockerham KR, Manno BR: A modification and validation of two urine ethanol procedures for use with the Monarch 2000 Chemistry System. J Anal Toxicol. 1991 May-Jun;15(3):130-5. [PubMed:1943056 ]
  8. Orczyk J, Morre DM, Morre DJ: Periodic fluctuations in oxygen consumption comparing HeLa (cancer) and CHO (non-cancer) cells and response to external NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H. Mol Cell Biochem. 2005 May;273(1-2):161-7. [PubMed:16013451 ]
  9. Krotz F, Sohn HY, Gloe T, Zahler S, Riexinger T, Schiele TM, Becker BF, Theisen K, Klauss V, Pohl U: NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent platelet superoxide anion release increases platelet recruitment. Blood. 2002 Aug 1;100(3):917-24. [PubMed:12130503 ]