Record Information |
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Version | 1.0 |
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Created at | 2006-05-22 14:17:56 UTC |
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Updated at | 2021-08-19 23:58:33 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0000890 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | Galacturonic acid |
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Description | Galactopyranuronic acid is the pyranose form of D-galacturonic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a D-galactopyranuronate. Galacturonic acid is a sugar acid, an oxidized form of d-galactose. It is the main component of pectin, in which it exists as the polymer polygalacturonic acid. In its open form, it has an aldehyde group at C1 and a carboxylic acid group at C6. Other oxidized forms of d-galactose are d-galactonic acid (carboxylic group at C1) and meso-galactaric acid (mucic acid) (carboxylic groups at C1 and C6). It is also a uronic acid or hexuronic acid. Naturally occurring uronic acids are d-glucuronic acid, d-galacturonic acid, l-iduronic acid and d-mannuronic acid. Galacturonic acid, also known as D-galacturonate or sodium pectate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as glucuronic acid derivatives. Glucuronic acid derivatives are compounds containing a glucuronic acid moiety (or a derivative), which consists of a glucose moiety with the C6 carbon oxidized to a carboxylic acid. Galacturonic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Galacturonic acid has been found in flaxseeds. Galacturonic acid has also been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as common grapes, cocoa beans, roselles, cow milk, and figs. |
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Structure | O[C@@H](C=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C6H10O7/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13/h1-5,8-11H,(H,12,13)/t2-,3+,4+,5-/m0/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(2S,3R,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxy-6-oxohexanoic acid | ChEBI | D-Galacturonic acid | ChEBI | (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxy-6-oxohexanoate | Generator | D-Galacturonate | Generator | Galacturonate | Generator | DL-Galacturonic acid | HMDB | D-Galactopyranuronic acid | HMDB | Galacturonic acid, (D)-isomer | HMDB | Galacturonic acid, (alpha-D)-isomer | HMDB | Galacturonic acid, calcium, sodium salt, (D)-isomer | HMDB | Galacturonic acid, monosodium salt, (D)-isomer | HMDB | Aldehydo-D-galacturonate | HMDB | Polygalacturonic acid, aluminum salt | HMDB | Sodium pectate | HMDB | Galacturonan | HMDB | Homogalacturonan | HMDB | Pectic acid | HMDB | Polygalacturonic acid homopolymer | HMDB | Polygalacturonic acid, sulfated | HMDB | Calcium polygalacturonate | HMDB | Pectate | HMDB | Polygalacturonic acid | HMDB | Polygalacturonic acid, calcium salt | HMDB | Polygalacturonic acid, homopolymer sodium salt | HMDB | Sodium polygalacturonate | HMDB | Anhydrogalacturonic acid | HMDB | Calcium pectate | HMDB | Polygalacturonic acid, homopolymer (D)-isomer | HMDB | Aldehydo-D-galacturonic acid | HMDB | (DL)-Galacturonic acid | HMDB | (D)-Galacturonic acid | HMDB | Galacturonic acid | MeSH |
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Chemical Formula | C6H10O7 |
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Average Mass | 194.1394 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 194.04265 Da |
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IUPAC Name | (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-6-oxohexanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | aldehydo-D-galacturonic acid |
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CAS Registry Number | 14982-50-4 |
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SMILES | O[C@@H](C=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C6H10O7/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13/h1-5,8-11H,(H,12,13)/t2-,3+,4+,5-/m0/s1 |
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InChI Key | IAJILQKETJEXLJ-RSJOWCBRSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor ID | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available | Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as glucuronic acid derivatives. Glucuronic acid derivatives are compounds containing a glucuronic acid moiety (or a derivative), which consists of a glucose moiety with the C6 carbon oxidized to a carboxylic acid. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic oxygen compounds |
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Class | Organooxygen compounds |
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Sub Class | Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates |
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Direct Parent | Glucuronic acid derivatives |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Glucuronic acid or derivatives
- Hexose monosaccharide
- Medium-chain hydroxy acid
- Medium-chain fatty acid
- Beta-hydroxy acid
- Hydroxy fatty acid
- Monosaccharide
- Fatty acyl
- Hydroxy acid
- Fatty acid
- Alpha-hydroxy acid
- Beta-hydroxy aldehyde
- Alpha-hydroxyaldehyde
- Secondary alcohol
- Polyol
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Aldehyde
- Carbonyl group
- Alcohol
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Wu AM, Song SC, Chen YY, Gilboa-Garber N: Defining the carbohydrate specificities of aplysia gonad lectin exhibiting a peculiar D-galacturonic acid affinity. J Biol Chem. 2000 May 12;275(19):14017-24. [PubMed:10799474 ]
- Hommes FA, Varghese M: High-performance liquid chromatography of urinary oligosaccharides in the diagnosis of glycoprotein degradation disorders. Clin Chim Acta. 1991 Dec 16;203(2-3):211-24. [PubMed:1777982 ]
- Melzer N, Wittenburg D, Hartwig S, Jakubowski S, Kesting U, Willmitzer L, Lisec J, Reinsch N, Repsilber D: Investigating associations between milk metabolite profiles and milk traits of Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2013 Mar;96(3):1521-34. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5743. [PubMed:23438684 ]
- Ikota N: [Stereoselective synthesis of polyhydroxylated amines using (S)-pyroglutamic acid derivatives]. Yakugaku Zasshi. 2014;134(1):77-88. doi: 10.1248/yakushi.13-00217. [PubMed:24389621 ]
- Guo X, Liu T, Valenzano CR, Deng Z, Cane DE: Mechanism and stereospecificity of a fully saturating polyketide synthase module: nanchangmycin synthase module 2 and its dehydratase domain. J Am Chem Soc. 2010 Oct 27;132(42):14694-6. doi: 10.1021/ja1073432. [PubMed:20925339 ]
- Teixeira FM, Coelho MN, Jose-Chagas FDN, Malvar DDC, Kanashiro A, Cunha FQ, Machado Vianna-Filho MD, da Cunha Pinto A, Vanderlinde FA, Costa SS: Oral treatments with a flavonoid-enriched fraction from Cecropia hololeuca and with rutin reduce articular pain and inflammation in murine zymosan-induced arthritis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020 Oct 5;260:112841. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112841. Epub 2020 Apr 5. [PubMed:32268203 ]
- Abekura F, Park J, Kwak CH, Ha SH, Cho SH, Chang YC, Ha KT, Chang HW, Lee YC, Chung TW, Kim CH: Esculentoside B inhibits inflammatory response through JNK and downstream NF-kappaB signaling pathway in LPS-triggered murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019 Mar;68:156-163. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.01.003. Epub 2019 Jan 9. [PubMed:30639961 ]
- Germay O, Kumar N, Moore CG, Thomas EJ: Total syntheses of pamamycin 607 and methyl nonactate: stereoselective cyclisation of homoallylic alcohols that had been prepared with remote stereocontrol using allylstannanes. Org Biomol Chem. 2012 Dec 28;10(48):9709-33. doi: 10.1039/c2ob26801a. Epub 2012 Nov 15. [PubMed:23154487 ]
- Zhang L, Zhang J, Li ZJ, Qin YY, Lin QP, Yao YG: Breaking the mirror: pH-controlled chirality generation from a meso ligand to a racemic ligand. Chemistry. 2009;15(4):989-1000. doi: 10.1002/chem.200801948. [PubMed:19086049 ]
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