Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Updated at | 2021-08-09 22:33:17 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0000757 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | Epitestosterone |
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Description | Epitestosterone, or isotestosterone, also known as 17alpha-testosterone or as androst-4-en-17alpha-ol-3-one belongs to the class of organic compounds known as androgens and derivatives. These are 3-hydroxylated C19 steroid hormones. Epitestosterone is an endogenous steroid and a C-17 epimer of the androgen sex hormone testosterone. It is a weak competitive antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR) and a potent 5alpha-reductase inhibitor. Structurally, epitestosterone differs from testosterone only in the configuration at the hydroxy-bearing carbon, C17. Epitestosterone is believed to form in a similar way to testosterone with 50% of epitestosterone production in human males taking place in the testis. Epitestosterone levels are typically highest in young males; however, by adulthood, most healthy males exhibit a testosterone to epitestosterone ratio (T/E ratio) of about 1:1 (PMID: 11901061 ). A study of Australian athletes found that the mean T/E ratio in the study was 1.15:1. Another study found that the max T/E ratio for the 95th percentile of athletes was 3.71:1, And the max T/E ratio for the 99th percentile was 5.25:1. Epitestosterone has not been shown to enhance athletic performance, although administration of epistestosterone can be used to mask a high level of testosterone if the standard T/E ratio test is used. As such, epitestosterone is banned by many sporting authorities as a masking agent for testosterone. Interestingly, small amounts of ethanol can elevate T/E values, with women being more susceptible (PMID: 28671321 ). |
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Structure | [H][C@@]12CC[C@@H](O)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CCC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]12C InChI=1S/C19H28O2/c1-18-9-7-13(20)11-12(18)3-4-14-15-5-6-17(21)19(15,2)10-8-16(14)18/h11,14-17,21H,3-10H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,16-,17+,18-,19-/m0/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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Epi-testosterone | ChEBI | 17-Epitestosterone | HMDB | 17a-cis-Testosterone | HMDB | cis-Testosterone | HMDB | Isotestosterone | HMDB | 17-alpha-Testosterone | HMDB | 17 alpha Testosterone | HMDB | Epitestosterone | MeSH, HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C19H28O2 |
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Average Mass | 288.4244 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 288.20893 Da |
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IUPAC Name | (1S,2R,10R,11S,14R,15S)-14-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one |
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Traditional Name | (1S,2R,10R,11S,14R,15S)-14-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one |
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CAS Registry Number | 481-30-1 |
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SMILES | [H][C@@]12CC[C@@H](O)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CCC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]12C |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C19H28O2/c1-18-9-7-13(20)11-12(18)3-4-14-15-5-6-17(21)19(15,2)10-8-16(14)18/h11,14-17,21H,3-10H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,16-,17+,18-,19-/m0/s1 |
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InChI Key | MUMGGOZAMZWBJJ-KZYORJDKSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Not Available | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available | Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as androgens and derivatives. These are 3-hydroxylated C19 steroid hormones. They are known to favor the development of masculine characteristics. They also show profound effects on scalp and body hair in humans. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Steroids and steroid derivatives |
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Sub Class | Androstane steroids |
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Direct Parent | Androgens and derivatives |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Androgen-skeleton
- 3-oxo-delta-4-steroid
- 3-oxosteroid
- Hydroxysteroid
- Oxosteroid
- 17-hydroxysteroid
- Delta-4-steroid
- Cyclohexenone
- Cyclic alcohol
- Secondary alcohol
- Ketone
- Cyclic ketone
- Organooxygen compound
- Alcohol
- Carbonyl group
- Organic oxygen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic oxide
- Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Falk O, Palonek E, Bjorkhem I: Effect of ethanol on the ratio between testosterone and epitestosterone in urine. Clin Chem. 1988 Jul;34(7):1462-4. [PubMed:3390919 ]
- Kicman AT, Oftebro H, Walker C, Norman N, Cowan DA: Potential use of ketoconazole in a dynamic endocrine test to differentiate between biological outliers and testosterone use by athletes. Clin Chem. 1993 Sep;39(9):1798-803. [PubMed:8375050 ]
- Riondino G, Strollo F: [Age-dependent changes in epitestosterone urinary excretion in man]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper. 1981 Nov 30;57(22):2215-21. [PubMed:7326107 ]
- Starka L: Epitestosterone. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 Oct;87(1):27-34. [PubMed:14630088 ]
- Marenich LP: [Effect of chorionic gonadotropin on the urinary excretion of testosterone and other androgens in healthy men and those with coronary arteriosclerosis]. Kardiologiia. 1979 Jun;19(6):76-9. [PubMed:156806 ]
- Aguilera R, Hatton CK, Catlin DH: Detection of epitestosterone doping by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Clin Chem. 2002;48(4):629-36. [PubMed:11901061 ]
- Bicikova M, Hampl R, Hill M, Starka L: Inhibition of steroid 17 alpha-hydroxylase and C17,20-lyase in the human testis by epitestosterone. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1993 Oct;46(4):515-8. [PubMed:8217882 ]
- Havlikova H, Hill M, Hampl R, Starka L: Sex- and age-related changes in epitestosterone in relation to pregnenolone sulfate and testosterone in normal subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 May;87(5):2225-31. [PubMed:11994368 ]
- Yamamoto Y, Peric-Golia P, Osawa Y, Kirdani RY, Sanberg AA: Androgen metabolism in sheep. Steroids. 1978 Oct;32(3):373-88. [PubMed:715826 ]
- Kicman AT, Coutts SB, Cowan DA, Handelsman DJ, Howe CJ, Burring S, Wu FC: Adrenal and gonadal contributions to urinary excretion and plasma concentration of epitestosterone in men--effect of adrenal stimulation and implications for detection of testosterone abuse. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1999 May;50(5):661-8. [PubMed:10468933 ]
- Albeiroti S, Ahrens BD, Sobolevskii T, Butch AW: The influence of small doses of ethanol on the urinary testosterone to epitestosterone ratio in men and women. Drug Test Anal. 2018 Mar;10(3):575-583. doi: 10.1002/dta.2241. Epub 2017 Aug 1. [PubMed:28671321 ]
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