Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Updated at | 2022-01-25 01:14:25 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0000653 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | L-Asparagine |
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Description | Asparagine (Asn) or L-asparagine is an alpha-amino acid. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon). Amino acids are organic compounds that contain amino (–NH2) and carboxyl (–COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid. L-asparagine is one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids, i.E., The amino acids used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Asparagine is found in all organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to animals. In humans, asparagine is not an essential amino acid, which means that it can be synthesized from central metabolic pathway intermediates in humans and is not required in the diet. The precursor to asparagine is oxaloacetate. Oxaloacetate is converted to aspartate using a transaminase enzyme. This enzyme transfers the amino group from glutamate to oxaloacetate producing alpha-ketoglutarate and aspartate. The enzyme asparagine synthetase produces asparagine, AMP, glutamate, and pyrophosphate from aspartate, glutamine, and ATP. In the asparagine synthetase reaction, ATP is used to activate aspartate, forming beta-aspartyl-AMP. Glutamine donates an ammonium group which reacts with beta-aspartyl-AMP to form asparagine and free AMP. Since the asparagine side chain can make efficient hydrogen bond interactions with the peptide backbone, asparagines are often found near the beginning and end of alpha-helices, and in turn motifs in beta sheets. Its role can be thought as "capping" the hydrogen bond interactions which would otherwise need to be satisfied by the polypeptide backbone. Asparagine also provides key sites for N-linked glycosylation, a modification of the protein chain that is characterized by the addition of carbohydrate chains. A reaction between asparagine and reducing sugars or reactive carbonyls produces acrylamide (acrylic amide) in food when heated to sufficient temperature (i.E. Baking). These occur primarily in baked goods such as French fries, potato chips, and roasted coffee. Asparagine was first isolated in 1806 from asparagus juice --hence its name. Asparagine was the first amino acid to be isolated. The smell observed in the urine of some individuals after the consumption of asparagus is attributed to a byproduct of the metabolic breakdown of asparagine, asparagine-amino-succinic-acid monoamide. However, some scientists disagree and implicate other substances in the smell, especially methanethiol. |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C4H8N2O3/c5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7/h2H,1,5H2,(H2,6,7)(H,8,9)/t2-/m0/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(2S)-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoic acid | ChEBI | (2S)-2-Amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid | ChEBI | (S)-2-Amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid | ChEBI | (S)-Asparagine | ChEBI | 2-Aminosuccinamic acid | ChEBI | alpha-Aminosuccinamic acid | ChEBI | Asn | ChEBI | ASPARAGINE | ChEBI | Aspartamic acid | ChEBI | L-2-Aminosuccinamic acid | ChEBI | L-Asparagin | ChEBI | L-Aspartic acid beta-amide | ChEBI | N | ChEBI | (2S)-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoate | Generator | (2S)-2-Amino-3-carbamoylpropanoate | Generator | (S)-2-Amino-3-carbamoylpropanoate | Generator | 2-Aminosuccinamate | Generator | a-Aminosuccinamate | Generator | a-Aminosuccinamic acid | Generator | alpha-Aminosuccinamate | Generator | Α-aminosuccinamate | Generator | Α-aminosuccinamic acid | Generator | Aspartamate | Generator | L-2-Aminosuccinamate | Generator | L-Aspartate b-amide | Generator | L-Aspartate beta-amide | Generator | L-Aspartate β-amide | Generator | L-Aspartic acid b-amide | Generator | L-Aspartic acid β-amide | Generator | (-)-Asparagine | HMDB | (S)-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoate | HMDB | (S)-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoic acid | HMDB | Agedoite | HMDB | alpha Amminosuccinamate | HMDB | alpha Amminosuccinamic acid | HMDB | Altheine | HMDB | Asparagine acid | HMDB | Asparamide | HMDB | Aspartic acid amide | HMDB | Aspartic acid b-amide | HMDB | Aspartic acid beta amide | HMDB | b2,4-(S)-Diamino-4-oxo-utanoate | HMDB | b2,4-(S)-Diamino-4-oxo-utanoic acid | HMDB | Crystal VI | HMDB | L-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoate | HMDB | L-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoic acid | HMDB | L-Aspartamine | HMDB | L-b-Asparagine | HMDB | L-beta-Asparagine | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C4H8N2O3 |
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Average Mass | 132.1179 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 132.05349 Da |
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IUPAC Name | (2S)-2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | L-asparagine |
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CAS Registry Number | 70-47-3 |
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SMILES | N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C4H8N2O3/c5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7/h2H,1,5H2,(H2,6,7)(H,8,9)/t2-/m0/s1 |
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InChI Key | DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, simulated) | Ahselim | | | 2022-01-25 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, simulated) | Varshavi.d26 | | | 2021-11-12 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, simulated) | Varshavi.d26 | | | 2021-10-27 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, simulated) | Varshavi.d26 | | | 2021-10-27 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, simulated) | Varshavi.d26 | | | 2021-10-25 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, simulated) | Varshavi.d26 | | | 2021-10-25 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, simulated) | Varshavi.d26 | | | 2021-10-22 | View Spectrum | 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Not Available | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, simulated) | varshavi.d26@gmail.com | Not Available | Not Available | 2021-11-12 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, simulated) | v.dorna83@yahoo.com | Not Available | Not Available | 2021-08-07 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, simulated) | v.dorna83@yahoo.com | Not Available | Not Available | 2021-08-07 | View Spectrum |
| Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Species Where Detected | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as asparagine and derivatives. Asparagine and derivatives are compounds containing asparagine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of asparagine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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Class | Carboxylic acids and derivatives |
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Sub Class | Amino acids, peptides, and analogues |
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Direct Parent | Asparagine and derivatives |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Asparagine or derivatives
- Alpha-amino acid
- L-alpha-amino acid
- Fatty amide
- Fatty acyl
- Fatty acid
- Carboxamide group
- Amino acid
- Primary carboxylic acid amide
- Carboxylic acid
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Primary amine
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Primary aliphatic amine
- Organic oxide
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Amine
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 234 - 235 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | 438.03 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est) | The Good Scents Company Information System | Water Solubility | 29.4 mg/mL | Not Available | LogP | -3.82 | Chmelík, J., Hudecek, J., Putyera, K., Makovicka, J., Kalous, V., & Chmelíková, J. (1991). Characterization of the hydrophobic properties of amino acids on the basis of their partition and distribution coefficients in the 1-octanol-water system. Collection of Czechoslovak chemical communications, 56(10), 2030-2041. |
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Predicted Properties | |
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- Sun S, Han J, Ralph WM Jr, Chandrasekaran A, Liu K, Auborn KJ, Carter TH: Endoplasmic reticulum stress as a correlate of cytotoxicity in human tumor cells exposed to diindolylmethane in vitro. Cell Stress Chaperones. 2004 Mar;9(1):76-87. [PubMed:15270080 ]
- Takamatsu S, Inoue N, Katsumata T, Nakamura K, Fujibayashi Y, Takeuchi M: The relationship between the branch-forming glycosyltransferases and cell surface sugar chain structures. Biochemistry. 2005 Apr 26;44(16):6343-9. [PubMed:15835923 ]
- Chiara F, Goumans MJ, Forsberg H, Ahgren A, Rasola A, Aspenstrom P, Wernstedt C, Hellberg C, Heldin CH, Heuchel R: A gain of function mutation in the activation loop of platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor deregulates its kinase activity. J Biol Chem. 2004 Oct 8;279(41):42516-27. Epub 2004 Jul 28. [PubMed:15284236 ]
- Xu L, Wang Y, Gillespie D, Meissner G: Two rings of negative charges in the cytosolic vestibule of type-1 ryanodine receptor modulate ion fluxes. Biophys J. 2006 Jan 15;90(2):443-53. Epub 2005 Oct 20. [PubMed:16239337 ]
- Poon CJ, Plaas AH, Keene DR, McQuillan DJ, Last K, Fosang AJ: N-linked keratan sulfate in the aggrecan interglobular domain potentiates aggrecanase activity. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jun 24;280(25):23615-21. Epub 2005 Apr 22. [PubMed:15849197 ]
- Ahlman B, Andersson K, Leijonmarck CE, Ljungqvist O, Hedenborg L, Wernerman J: Short-term starvation alters the free amino acid content of the human intestinal mucosa. Clin Sci (Lond). 1994 Jun;86(6):653-62. [PubMed:7914846 ]
- Avramis VI, Panosyan EH: Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships of asparaginase formulations: the past, the present and recommendations for the future. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(4):367-93. [PubMed:15828851 ]
- Mohrmann K, van Eijndhoven MA, Schinkel AH, Schellens JH: Absence of N-linked glycosylation does not affect plasma membrane localization of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2). Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2005 Oct;56(4):344-50. Epub 2005 May 5. [PubMed:15875186 ]
- Socher E, Conrad M, Heger L, Paulsen F, Sticht H, Zunke F, Arnold P: Computational decomposition reveals reshaping of the SARS-CoV-2-ACE2 interface among viral variants expressing the N501Y mutation. J Cell Biochem. 2021 Dec;122(12):1863-1872. doi: 10.1002/jcb.30142. Epub 2021 Sep 13. [PubMed:34516024 ]
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