Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Updated at | 2020-11-24 22:16:27 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0000559 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | L-Cystathionine |
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Description | Cystathionine is a dipeptide formed by serine and homocysteine. Cystathioninuria is a prominent manifestation of vitamin-B6 deficiency. The transsulfuration of methionine yields homocysteine, which combines with serine to form cystathionine, the proximate precursor of cysteine through the enzymatic activity of cystathionase. In conditions in which cystathionine gamma-synthase or cystathionase is deficient, for example, there is cystathioninuria. Although cystathionine has not been detected in normal human serum or plasma by most conventional methods, gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric methodology detected a mean concentration of cystathionine in normal human serum of 140 nM, with a range of 65 to 301 nM. Cystathionine concentrations in CSF have been 10, 1, and 0.5 UM, and "not detected". Only traces (i.E., <1 UM) of cystathionine are present in normal CSF.587. Gamma-cystathionase deficiency (also known as Cystathioninuria), which is an autosomal recessive disorder (NIH: 2428), Provided the first instance in which, in a human, the major biochemical abnormality due to a defined enzyme defect was clearly shown to be alleviated by administration of large doses of pyridoxine. The response in gamma-cystathionase-deficient patients is not attributable to correction of a preexisting deficiency of this vitamin (OMMBID, Chap. 88). |
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Structure | N[C@@H](CCSC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C7H14N2O4S/c8-4(6(10)11)1-2-14-3-5(9)7(12)13/h4-5H,1-3,8-9H2,(H,10,11)(H,12,13)/t4-,5-/m0/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(R)-S-(2-Amino-2-carboxyethyl)-L-homocysteine | ChEBI | L-(+)-Cystathionine | ChEBI | S-(beta-Amino-beta-carboxyethyl)homocysteine | ChEBI | S-(b-Amino-b-carboxyethyl)homocysteine | Generator | S-(Β-amino-β-carboxyethyl)homocysteine | Generator | Cystathionine | HMDB | S-[(2R)-2-Amino-2-carboxyethyl]-L-homocysteine | HMDB | [R-(R*,s*)]-2-amino-4-[(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)thio]-butanoate | HMDB | [R-(R*,s*)]-2-amino-4-[(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)thio]-butanoic acid | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C7H14N2O4S |
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Average Mass | 222.2620 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 222.06743 Da |
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IUPAC Name | (2S)-2-amino-4-{[(2R)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]sulfanyl}butanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | L-cystathionine |
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CAS Registry Number | 56-88-2 |
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SMILES | N[C@@H](CCSC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C7H14N2O4S/c8-4(6(10)11)1-2-14-3-5(9)7(12)13/h4-5H,1-3,8-9H2,(H,10,11)(H,12,13)/t4-,5-/m0/s1 |
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InChI Key | ILRYLPWNYFXEMH-WHFBIAKZSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Not Available | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available | Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Species Where Detected | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-cysteine-s-conjugates. L-cysteine-S-conjugates are compounds containing L-cysteine where the thio-group is conjugated. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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Class | Carboxylic acids and derivatives |
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Sub Class | Amino acids, peptides, and analogues |
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Direct Parent | L-cysteine-S-conjugates |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - L-cysteine-s-conjugate
- Alpha-amino acid
- L-alpha-amino acid
- Thia fatty acid
- Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Fatty acyl
- Fatty acid
- Amino acid
- Carboxylic acid
- Thioether
- Dialkylthioether
- Sulfenyl compound
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic oxide
- Primary amine
- Organosulfur compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Primary aliphatic amine
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Amine
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 312 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | 22 mg/mL | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Kraus JP, Janosik M, Kozich V, Mandell R, Shih V, Sperandeo MP, Sebastio G, de Franchis R, Andria G, Kluijtmans LA, Blom H, Boers GH, Gordon RB, Kamoun P, Tsai MY, Kruger WD, Koch HG, Ohura T, Gaustadnes M: Cystathionine beta-synthase mutations in homocystinuria. Hum Mutat. 1999;13(5):362-75. [PubMed:10338090 ]
- Ricci G, Santoro L, Achilli M, Matarese RM, Nardini M, Cavallini D: Similarity of the oxidation products of L-cystathionine by L-amino acid oxidase to those excreted by cystathioninuric patients. J Biol Chem. 1983 Sep 10;258(17):10511-7. [PubMed:6885789 ]
- Herrmann W, Schorr H, Bodis M, Knapp JP, Muller A, Stein G, Geisel J: Role of homocysteine, cystathionine and methylmalonic acid measurement for diagnosis of vitamin deficiency in high-aged subjects. Eur J Clin Invest. 2000 Dec;30(12):1083-9. [PubMed:11122323 ]
- Stabler SP, Lindenbaum J, Savage DG, Allen RH: Elevation of serum cystathionine levels in patients with cobalamin and folate deficiency. Blood. 1993 Jun 15;81(12):3404-13. [PubMed:8507876 ]
- Lefauconnier JM, Portemer C, Chatagner F: Free amino acids and related substances in human glial tumours and in fetal brain: comparison with normal adult brain. Brain Res. 1976 Nov 19;117(1):105-13. [PubMed:186155 ]
- James SJ, Cutler P, Melnyk S, Jernigan S, Janak L, Gaylor DW, Neubrander JA: Metabolic biomarkers of increased oxidative stress and impaired methylation capacity in children with autism. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Dec;80(6):1611-7. [PubMed:15585776 ]
- Shimizu H, Kakimoto Y, Sano I: A method of determination of cystathionine and its distribution in human brain. J Neurochem. 1966 Feb;13(2):65-73. [PubMed:5936154 ]
- Haurani FI, Hall CA, Rubin R: Megaloblastic anemia as a result of an abnormal transcobalamin II (Cardeza). J Clin Invest. 1979 Nov;64(5):1253-9. [PubMed:500809 ]
- Wisniewski K, Sturman JA, Devine E, Brown WT, Rudelli R, Wisniewski HM: Cystathionine disappearance with neuronal loss: a possible neuronal marker. Neuropediatrics. 1985 Aug;16(3):126-30. [PubMed:4047345 ]
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