Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Updated at | 2022-01-12 17:47:57 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0000534 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | Adenosine triphosphate |
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Description | Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide consisting of a purine base (adenine) attached to the first carbon atom of ribose (a pentose sugar). Three phosphate groups are esterified at the fifth carbon atom of the ribose. ATP is incorporated into nucleic acids by polymerases in the processes of DNA replication and transcription. ATP contributes to cellular energy charge and participates in overall energy balance, maintaining cellular homeostasis. ATP can act as an extracellular signaling molecule via interactions with specific purinergic receptors to mediate a wide variety of processes as diverse as neurotransmission, inflammation, apoptosis, and bone remodelling. Extracellular ATP and its metabolite adenosine have also been shown to exert a variety of effects on nearly every cell type in human skin, and ATP seems to play a direct role in triggering skin inflammatory, regenerative, and fibrotic responses to mechanical injury, an indirect role in melanocyte proliferation and apoptosis, and a complex role in Langerhans cell-directed adaptive immunity. During exercise, intracellular homeostasis depends on the matching of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) supply and ATP demand. Metabolites play a useful role in communicating the extent of ATP demand to the metabolic supply pathways. Effects as different as proliferation or differentiation, chemotaxis, release of cytokines or lysosomal constituents, and generation of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species are elicited upon stimulation of blood cells with extracellular ATP. The increased concentration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in erythrocytes from patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) has been observed in many studies but the mechanism leading to these abnormalities still is controversial. (PMID: 15490415 , 15129319 , 14707763 , 14696970 , 11157473 ). |
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Structure | NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O InChI=1S/C10H16N5O13P3/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(17)6(16)4(26-10)1-25-30(21,22)28-31(23,24)27-29(18,19)20/h2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H,21,22)(H,23,24)(H2,11,12,13)(H2,18,19,20)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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Adenosine 5'-triphosphate | ChEBI | ADENOSINE-5'-triphosphATE | ChEBI | Adephos | ChEBI | Adetol | ChEBI | Adynol | ChEBI | Atipi | ChEBI | Atriphos | ChEBI | Cardenosine | ChEBI | Fosfobion | ChEBI | Glucobasin | ChEBI | H4ATP | ChEBI | Myotriphos | ChEBI | Triadenyl | ChEBI | Triphosphaden | ChEBI | ATP | Kegg | Adenosine 5'-triphosphoric acid | Generator | ADENOSINE-5'-triphosphoric acid | Generator | Adenosine triphosphoric acid | Generator | Adenylpyrophosphate | MeSH | Striadyne | MeSH | 5'-(Tetrahydrogen triphosphate) adenosine | HMDB | 5'-ATP | HMDB | Adenosine 5'-triphosphorate | HMDB | Adenylpyrophosphorate | HMDB | Adenylpyrophosphoric acid | HMDB | Phosphobion | HMDB | Triphosphoric acid adenosine ester | HMDB | 5’-ATP | HMDB | Adenosine 5’-triphosphate | HMDB | Adenosine 5’-triphosphoric acid | HMDB | Adenosine triphosphate | HMDB | Adenosine-5’-triphosphate | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C10H16N5O13P3 |
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Average Mass | 507.1810 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 506.99575 Da |
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IUPAC Name | ({[({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)phosphonic acid |
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Traditional Name | adenosine triphosphate |
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CAS Registry Number | 56-65-5 |
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SMILES | NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C10H16N5O13P3/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(17)6(16)4(26-10)1-25-30(21,22)28-31(23,24)27-29(18,19)20/h2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H,21,22)(H,23,24)(H2,11,12,13)(H2,18,19,20)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1 |
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InChI Key | ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KQYNXXCUSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, simulated) | Ahselim | | | 2022-01-12 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Not Available | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, simulated) | v.dorna83@yahoo.com | Not Available | Not Available | 2021-08-07 | View Spectrum |
| Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Species Where Detected | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine ribonucleoside triphosphates. These are purine ribobucleotides with a triphosphate group linked to the ribose moiety. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues |
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Class | Purine nucleotides |
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Sub Class | Purine ribonucleotides |
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Direct Parent | Purine ribonucleoside triphosphates |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Purine ribonucleoside triphosphate
- Purine ribonucleoside monophosphate
- Pentose phosphate
- Pentose-5-phosphate
- Glycosyl compound
- N-glycosyl compound
- 6-aminopurine
- Monosaccharide phosphate
- Pentose monosaccharide
- Imidazopyrimidine
- Purine
- Aminopyrimidine
- Monoalkyl phosphate
- Monosaccharide
- N-substituted imidazole
- Organic phosphoric acid derivative
- Phosphoric acid ester
- Imidolactam
- Alkyl phosphate
- Pyrimidine
- Azole
- Tetrahydrofuran
- Imidazole
- Heteroaromatic compound
- Secondary alcohol
- 1,2-diol
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Azacycle
- Oxacycle
- Organooxygen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organic oxide
- Organopnictogen compound
- Amine
- Primary amine
- Organic oxygen compound
- Alcohol
- Organonitrogen compound
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Gottlieb C, Svanborg K, Eneroth P, Bygdeman M: Effect of prostaglandins on human sperm function in vitro and seminal adenosine triphosphate content. Fertil Steril. 1988 Feb;49(2):322-7. [PubMed:3338588 ]
- Mahmoud AM, Comhaire FH, Vermeulen L, Andreou E: Comparison of the resazurin test, adenosine triphosphate in semen, and various sperm parameters. Hum Reprod. 1994 Sep;9(9):1688-93. [PubMed:7836519 ]
- Kadmon M, Klunemann C, Bohme M, Ishikawa T, Gorgas K, Otto G, Herfarth C, Keppler D: Inhibition by cyclosporin A of adenosine triphosphate-dependent transport from the hepatocyte into bile. Gastroenterology. 1993 May;104(5):1507-14. [PubMed:7683296 ]
- Sun Y, MaLossi J, Jacobs SC, Chai TC: Effect of doxazosin on stretch-activated adenosine triphosphate release in bladder urothelial cells from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology. 2002 Aug;60(2):351-6. [PubMed:12137852 ]
- Ryan LM, Rachow JW, McCarty BA, McCarty DJ: Adenosine triphosphate levels in human plasma. J Rheumatol. 1996 Feb;23(2):214-9. [PubMed:8882021 ]
- Yoshida M, Miyamae K, Iwashita H, Otani M, Inadome A: Management of detrusor dysfunction in the elderly: changes in acetylcholine and adenosine triphosphate release during aging. Urology. 2004 Mar;63(3 Suppl 1):17-23. [PubMed:15013648 ]
- Bar-Meir M, Elpeleg ON, Saada A: Effect of various agents on adenosine triphosphate synthesis in mitochondrial complex I deficiency. J Pediatr. 2001 Dec;139(6):868-70. [PubMed:11743516 ]
- Mannucci L, Pastore A, Rizzo C, Piemonte F, Rizzoni G, Emma F: Impaired activity of the gamma-glutamyl cycle in nephropathic cystinosis fibroblasts. Pediatr Res. 2006 Feb;59(2):332-5. [PubMed:16439602 ]
- Livingston JH, Brown JK, Harkness RA, McCreanor GM: Cerebrospinal fluid nucleotide metabolites following non-convulsive status epilepticus. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1989 Apr;31(2):168-73. [PubMed:2737369 ]
- Rutkowski B, Swierczynski J, Slominska E, Szolkiewicz M, Smolenski RT, Marlewski M, Butto B, Rutkowski P: Disturbances of purine nucleotide metabolism in uremia. Semin Nephrol. 2004 Sep;24(5):479-83. [PubMed:15490415 ]
- Holzer AM, Granstein RD: Role of extracellular adenosine triphosphate in human skin. J Cutan Med Surg. 2004 Mar-Apr;8(2):90-6. Epub 2004 May 3. [PubMed:15129319 ]
- Myburgh KH: Can any metabolites partially alleviate fatigue manifestations at the cross-bridge? Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004 Jan;36(1):20-7. [PubMed:14707763 ]
- Gartland A, Buckley KA, Hipskind RA, Bowler WB, Gallagher JA: P2 receptors in bone--modulation of osteoclast formation and activity via P2X7 activation. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr. 2003;13(2-4):237-42. [PubMed:14696970 ]
- Di Virgilio F, Chiozzi P, Ferrari D, Falzoni S, Sanz JM, Morelli A, Torboli M, Bolognesi G, Baricordi OR: Nucleotide receptors: an emerging family of regulatory molecules in blood cells. Blood. 2001 Feb 1;97(3):587-600. [PubMed:11157473 ]
- Hasan D, Shono A, van Kalken CK, van der Spek PJ, Krenning EP, Kotani T: A novel definition and treatment of hyperinflammation in COVID-19 based on purinergic signalling. Purinergic Signal. 2021 Nov 10. pii: 10.1007/s11302-021-09814-6. doi: 10.1007/s11302-021-09814-6. [PubMed:34757513 ]
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