Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Updated at | 2021-08-09 22:32:56 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0000424 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid |
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Description | 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid (AP-3 or 2-AP3), also known as 3-phosphonoalanine, is a non-proteinogenc alpha-amino acid that is alanine in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl group has been replaced by a dihydroxy(oxido)-lambda(5)-phosphanyl group. It is found in many organisms ranging from microbes to invertebrates to animals. In humans AP-3 is found in diverse tissues, such as liver, intestine and spleen. (PMID: 2627760 ). 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid is a ubiquitous naturally occurring phosphonate used as a source of phosphorus by many prokaryotic organisms (PMID: 30119975 ). The natural occurrence of 2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid. The phosphonate analogue of aspartic acid, was first reported by Kittredge & Hughes (PMID: 14214094 ) In the sea anemone Zoanthus sociatus and the protozoon Tetrahymena pyriformis. It has since been established to be one of the most widely distributed of the biogenic C–P compounds, particularly among the lower marine invertebrates (PMID: 19191873 ). AP-3 has been determined to be a metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist (PMID: 8836635 ). It has been shown to block the amyloid precursor protein (APP) release evoked by glutamate receptor stimulation in neurons of the cortex and hippocampus. APP accumulation is believed to produce the damage in Alzheimer’s disease (PMID: 7644542 ). |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C3H8NO5P/c4-2(3(5)6)1-10(7,8)9/h2H,1,4H2,(H,5,6)(H2,7,8,9) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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2-Amino-3-phosphono-propanoic acid | ChEBI | 2-Amino-3-phosphono-propionic acid | ChEBI | 2-Amino-3-phosphopropionic acid | ChEBI | 2-Amino-3-phosprop | ChEBI | 2-AP3 | ChEBI | 2-Azanyl-3-phosphono-propanoic acid | ChEBI | Phosphonoalanine | ChEBI | 2-Amino-3-phosphono-propanoate | Generator | 2-Amino-3-phosphono-propionate | Generator | 2-Amino-3-phosphopropionate | Generator | 2-Azanyl-3-phosphono-propanoate | Generator | 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionate | Generator | 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid, (DL)-isomer | HMDB | 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid, sodium salt | HMDB | 3-Phosphono-L-alanine | HMDB | L-AP3 | HMDB | 1-Amino-3-(phosphohydroxy)propan-2-one | HMDB | 1-Amino-propan-2-one-3-phosphate | HMDB | 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropanoate | HMDB | 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropanoic acid | HMDB | 3-Amino-2-oxopropyl phosphate | HMDB | D-Alanyl-phosphate | HMDB | Glyphosate | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C3H8NO5P |
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Average Mass | 169.0731 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 169.01401 Da |
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IUPAC Name | 2-amino-3-phosphonopropanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | phosphonoalanine |
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CAS Registry Number | 5652-28-8 |
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SMILES | NC(CP(O)(O)=O)C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C3H8NO5P/c4-2(3(5)6)1-10(7,8)9/h2H,1,4H2,(H,5,6)(H2,7,8,9) |
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InChI Key | LBTABPSJONFLPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Not Available | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, simulated) | varshavi.d26@gmail.com | Not Available | Not Available | 2021-08-08 | View Spectrum |
| Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon). |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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Class | Carboxylic acids and derivatives |
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Sub Class | Amino acids, peptides, and analogues |
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Direct Parent | Alpha amino acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Alpha-amino acid
- Organophosphonic acid
- Organophosphonic acid derivative
- Amino acid
- Carboxylic acid
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Primary amine
- Organophosphorus compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic oxide
- Organopnictogen compound
- Primary aliphatic amine
- Organic oxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Amine
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Lueken A, Juhl-Strauss U, Krieger G, Witte I: Synergistic DNA damage by oxidative stress (induced by H2O2) and nongenotoxic environmental chemicals in human fibroblasts. Toxicol Lett. 2004 Feb 28;147(1):35-43. [PubMed:14700526 ]
- Chan P, Mahler J: NTP technical report on the toxicity studies of Glyphosate (CAS No. 1071-83-6) Administered In Dosed Feed To F344/N Rats And B6C3F1 Mice. Toxic Rep Ser. 1992 Jul;16:1-D3. [PubMed:12209170 ]
- Dickson SJ, Meinhold RH, Beer ID, Koelmeyer TD: Rapid determination of glyphosate in postmortem specimens using 31P NMR. J Anal Toxicol. 1988 Sep-Oct;12(5):284-6. [PubMed:3226127 ]
- Wester RC, Melendres J, Sarason R, McMaster J, Maibach HI: Glyphosate skin binding, absorption, residual tissue distribution, and skin decontamination. Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1991 May;16(4):725-32. [PubMed:1884912 ]
- Acquavella JF, Alexander BH, Mandel JS, Burns CJ, Gustin C: Exposure misclassification in studies of agricultural pesticides: insights from biomonitoring. Epidemiology. 2006 Jan;17(1):69-74. [PubMed:16357597 ]
- Kintzios S, Pistola E, Panagiotopoulos P, Bomsel M, Alexandropoulos N, Bem F, Ekonomou G, Biselis J, Levin R: Bioelectric recognition assay (BERA). Biosens Bioelectron. 2001 Jun;16(4-5):325-36. [PubMed:11390221 ]
- Tan SA, Tan LG: Distribution of ciliatine (2-aminoethylphosphonic acid) and phosphonoalanine (2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid) in human tissues. Clin Physiol Biochem. 1989;7(6):303-9. [PubMed:2627760 ]
- Sorrentino G, Singh IN, Massarelli R, Kanfer JN: Stimulation of phospholipase C activity by norepinephrine, t-ACPD and bombesin in LA-N-2 cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 1996 Jul 11;308(1):81-6. [PubMed:8836635 ]
- Lee RK, Wurtman RJ, Cox AJ, Nitsch RM: Amyloid precursor protein processing is stimulated by metabotropic glutamate receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Aug 15;92(17):8083-7. [PubMed:7644542 ]
- Wang S, Deng Y, Liu B, Li X, Lin X, Yuan D, Ma J: High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of 2-aminoethylphosphonic acid and 2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid in seawater matrix using precolumn fluorescence derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde-ethanethiol. J Chromatogr A. 2018 Oct 12;1571:147-154. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.08.016. Epub 2018 Aug 8. [PubMed:30119975 ]
- Kulakova AN, Kulakov LA, Villarreal-Chiu JF, Gilbert JA, McGrath JW, Quinn JP: Expression of the phosphonoalanine-degradative gene cluster from Variovorax sp. Pal2 is induced by growth on phosphonoalanine and phosphonopyruvate. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2009 Mar;292(1):100-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01477.x. Epub 2009 Jan 13. [PubMed:19191873 ]
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