Np mrd loader

Record Information
Version2.0
Created at2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Updated at2024-09-17 15:41:51 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0000404
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common NameNeopterin
DescriptionNeopterin, also known as monapterin, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as biopterins and derivatives. These are coenzymes containing a 2-amino-pteridine-4-one derivative and are mainly synthesized in several parts of the body, including the pineal gland. Neopterin is a solid that is soluble in water. Neopterin is a catabolic product of guanosine triphosphate (GTP). In humans, it is involved in pterine biosynthesis and it also serves as a precursor in the biosynthesis of biopterin, which is an essential cofactor in neurotransmitter synthesis. Neopterin has been identified as a uremic toxin according to the European Uremic Toxin Working Group (PMID: 22626821 ). Most uremic toxins are metabolic waste products and are normally excreted in the urine or feces. Uremic toxins can cause kidney, liver and heart damage. They can also cause changes in mental status, such as confusion, reduced awareness, agitation, psychosis, seizures, and coma. Uremic toxins such as neopterin are actively transported into the kidneys via organic ion transporters (especially OAT3). Elevated levels of neopterin result from immune system activation, including from malignant cancer, allograft rejection, viral infection, and autoimmune disorders (PMID: 19500901 ). Measurement of neopterin concentration allows estimation of the extent of oxidative stress elicited by the immune system. Neopterin concentrations usually correlate with the extent and activity of a given disease, and are also used to monitor the course of the disease. Elevated neopterin concentrations are among the best predictors of adverse outcome in patients with HIV infection, in cardiovascular disease, and in various types of cancer.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
6-(D-Erythro-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)pterinHMDB
6-D-Erythro-neopterinHMDB
D-Erythro-neopterinHMDB
D-NeopterinHMDB
NeopterineHMDB
[S-(R*,s*)]-2-amino-6-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)-1H-pteridin-4-ONHMDB
[S-(R*,s*)]-2-amino-6-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)-1H-pteridin-4-oneHMDB
[S-(R*,s*)]-2-amino-6-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)-1H-pteridine-4-oneHMDB
MonapterinHMDB
Neopterin, (r*, r*)-isomerHMDB
UmanopterinHMDB
Neopterin, (erythro-D)-isomerHMDB
2-Amino-6-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)-4(3H)-pteridinoneHMDB
Neopterin, (erythro-L)-isomerHMDB
Neopterin, (threo-D)-isomerHMDB
Neopterin, (threo-L)-isomerHMDB
Chemical FormulaC9H11N5O4
Average Mass253.2147 Da
Monoisotopic Mass253.08110 Da
IUPAC Name2-amino-6-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)-3,4-dihydropteridin-4-one
Traditional Name2-amino-6-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)-3H-pteridin-4-one
CAS Registry Number2009-64-5
SMILES
NC1=NC2=C(N=C(C=N2)C(O)C(O)CO)C(=O)N1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C9H11N5O4/c10-9-13-7-5(8(18)14-9)12-3(1-11-7)6(17)4(16)2-15/h1,4,6,15-17H,2H2,(H3,10,11,13,14,18)
InChI KeyBMQYVXCPAOLZOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Predicted Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Arabidopsis thalianaKNApSAcK Database
Tetrahymena pyriformisLOTUS Database
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as biopterins and derivatives. These are coenzymes containing a 2-amino-pteridine-4-one derivative. They are mainly synthesized in several parts of the body, including the pineal gland.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassPteridines and derivatives
Sub ClassPterins and derivatives
Direct ParentBiopterins and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Biopterin
  • Aminopyrimidine
  • Pyrimidone
  • Pyrazine
  • Pyrimidine
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Vinylogous amide
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Polyol
  • Azacycle
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Primary amine
  • Primary alcohol
  • Alcohol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Amine
  • Aromatic alcohol
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility1000000 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility6.26 g/LALOGPS
logP-1.8ALOGPS
logP-2.8ChemAxon
logS-1.6ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)9.99ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-2.2ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count8ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count5ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area153.95 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity60.11 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability23.36 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
HMDB IDHMDB0000845
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB112166
KNApSAcK IDC00007312
Chemspider ID4300
KEGG Compound IDC05926
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNeopterin
METLIN ID248
PubChem Compound4455
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1233561
References
General References
  1. Heyes MP, Saito K, Milstien S, Schiff SJ: Quinolinic acid in tumors, hemorrhage and bacterial infections of the central nervous system in children. J Neurol Sci. 1995 Nov;133(1-2):112-8. [PubMed:8583213 ]
  2. Azumagawa K, Suzuki S, Tanabe T, Wakamiya E, Kawamura N, Tamai H: Neopterin, biopterin, and nitric oxide concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with central nervous system infections. Brain Dev. 2003 Apr;25(3):200-2. [PubMed:12689700 ]
  3. Shaw CE, Dunbar PR, Macaulay HA, Neale TJ: Measurement of immune markers in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients during clinical remission. J Neurol. 1995 Jan;242(2):53-8. [PubMed:7707089 ]
  4. Gisslen M, Chiodi F, Fuchs D, Norkrans G, Svennerholm B, Wachter H, Hagberg L: Markers of immune stimulation in the cerebrospinal fluid during HIV infection: a longitudinal study. Scand J Infect Dis. 1994;26(5):523-33. [PubMed:7855550 ]
  5. Reibnegger GJ, Bichler AH, Dapunt O, Fuchs DN, Fuith LC, Hausen A, Hetzel HM, Lutz H, Werner ER, Wachter H: Neopterin as a prognostic indicator in patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Cancer Res. 1986 Feb;46(2):950-5. [PubMed:3940654 ]
  6. Niederwieser D, Huber C, Wachter H: [Neopterin, a new biochemical marker for the detection of activated T lymphocytes]. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1983 Mar 4;95(5):161-4. [PubMed:6602425 ]
  7. Abdulle S, Hagberg L, Svennerholm B, Fuchs D, Gisslen M: Continuing intrathecal immunoactivation despite two years of effective antiretroviral therapy against HIV-1 infection. AIDS. 2002 Nov 8;16(16):2145-9. [PubMed:12409735 ]
  8. Niederwieser A, Curtius HC: Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic pathway and deficiency. Enzyme. 1987;38(1-4):302-11. [PubMed:3326735 ]
  9. Kokcam I, Naziroglu M: Effects of vitamin E supplementation on blood antioxidants levels in patients with Behcet's disease. Clin Biochem. 2002 Nov;35(8):633-9. [PubMed:12498998 ]
  10. Margreiter R, Aichberger C, Konigsrainer A, Reibnegger G, Weiss G, Wachter H: Biliary neopterin for differentiation between liver allograft rejection and viral graft infection. Transpl Int. 1992;5 Suppl 1:S199-200. [PubMed:14621776 ]
  11. Steiner G, Zlabinger G, Karamehic J, Pohanka E, Kovarik J, Woloszczuk W: Interferon-gamma, neopterin, and interleukin-2 receptor levels in the serum of kidney transplant recipients. Transplant Proc. 1990 Aug;22(4):1857-8. [PubMed:2117813 ]
  12. Inci Fisenk B, Us D, Ozcebe OI, Hascelik G: The value of increased neopterin levels in reducing transfusion-transmitted virus infections: detection of a donation from a HBsAg positive chronic carrier by screening of neopterin in Turkish blood donors. Scand J Infect Dis. 2005;37(8):599-604. [PubMed:16099770 ]
  13. Antoniello S, Auletta M, Magri P, Russo N: Serum neopterin levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler. 1992 Nov;373(11):1165-8. [PubMed:1282321 ]
  14. Barani J, Nilsson JA, Mattiasson I, Lindblad B, Gottsater A: Inflammatory mediators are associated with 1-year mortality in critical limb ischemia. J Vasc Surg. 2005 Jul;42(1):75-80. [PubMed:16012455 ]
  15. Millner MM, Franthal W, Thalhammer GH, Berghold A, Aigner RM, Fuger GF, Reibnegger G: Neopterin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid and serum as an aid in differentiating central nervous system and peripheral infections in children. Clin Chem. 1998 Jan;44(1):161-7. [PubMed:9550574 ]
  16. Muller TF, Trosch F, Ebel H, Grussner RW, Feiber H, Goke B, Greger B, Lange H: Pancreas-specific protein (PASP), serum amyloid A (SAA), and neopterin (NEOP) in the diagnosis of rejection after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation. Transpl Int. 1997;10(3):185-91. [PubMed:9163857 ]
  17. Beckham JC, Caldwell DS, Peterson BL, Pippen AM, Currie MS, Keefe FJ, Weinberg JB: Disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis: relationships of plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha, soluble interleukin 2-receptor, soluble CD4/CD8 ratio, neopterin, and fibrin D-dimer to traditional severity and functional measures. J Clin Immunol. 1992 Sep;12(5):353-61. [PubMed:1430106 ]
  18. Prior C, Bollbach R, Fuchs D, Hausen A, Judmaier G, Niederwieser D, Reibnegger G, Rotthauwe HW, Werner ER, Wachter H: Urinary neopterin, a marker of clinical activity in patients with Crohn's disease. Clin Chim Acta. 1986 Feb 28;155(1):11-21. [PubMed:3698305 ]
  19. Hagberg L, Dotevall L, Norkrans G, Larsson M, Wachter H, Fuchs D: Cerebrospinal fluid neopterin concentrations in central nervous system infection. J Infect Dis. 1993 Nov;168(5):1285-8. [PubMed:8228365 ]
  20. Toncheva D, Galabov AS, Laich A, Atanassova S, Kamarinchev B, Dimitrov T, Fuchs D: Urinary neopterin concentrations in patients with Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN). Kidney Int. 2003 Nov;64(5):1817-21. [PubMed:14531816 ]
  21. Sucher R, Schroecksnadel K, Weiss G, Margreiter R, Fuchs D, Brandacher G: Neopterin, a prognostic marker in human malignancies. Cancer Lett. 2010 Jan 1;287(1):13-22. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.05.008. Epub 2009 Jun 4. [PubMed:19500901 ]