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Showing NP-Card for Acetylcholine (NP0000384)

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Record Information
Version1.0
Created at2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Updated at2021-06-29 00:46:35 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0000384
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common NameAcetylcholine
DescriptionAcetylcholine (ACh) is a neurotransmitter. Acetylcholine in vertebrates is the major transmitter at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system. Its physiological and pharmacological effects, metabolism, release, and receptors have been well documented in several species. ACh has been considered an important excitatory neurotransmitter in the carotid body (CB). Various nicotinic and muscarinic ACh receptors are present in both afferent nerve endings and glomus cells. Therefore, ACh can depolarize or hyperpolarize the cell membrane depending on the available receptor type in the vicinity. Binding of ACh to its receptor can create a wide variety of cellular responses including opening cation channels (nicotinic ACh receptor activation), releasing Ca2+ from intracellular storage sites (via muscarinic ACh receptors), and modulating activities of K+ and Ca2+ channels. Interactions between ACh and other neurotransmitters (dopamine, adenosine, nitric oxide) have been known, and they may induce complicated responses. Cholinergic biology in the CB differs among species and even within the same species due to different genetic composition. Development and environment influence cholinergic biology. Pharmacological data clearly indicate that both muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors have a role in the encoding of new memories. Localized lesions and antagonist infusions demonstrate the anatomical locus of these cholinergic effects, and computational modeling links the function of cholinergic modulation to specific cellular effects within these regions. Acetylcholine has been shown to increase the strength of afferent input relative to feedback, to contribute to theta rhythm oscillations, activate intrinsic mechanisms for persistent spiking, and increase the modification of synapses. These effects might enhance different types of encoding in different cortical structures. In particular, the effects in entorhinal and perirhinal cortex and hippocampus might be important for encoding new episodic memories. The role of ACh in attention has been repeatedly demonstrated in several tasks. Acetylcholine is linked to response accuracy in voluntary and reflexive attention and also to response speed in reflexive attention. It is well known that those with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders tend to be inaccurate and slow to respond. (PMID: 17284361 , 17011181 , 15556286 ). Acetylcholine has been found to be a microbial product, urinary acetylcholine is produced by Lactobacillus (PMID: 24621061 ).
Structure
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MOL3D MOLSDF3D SDFPDB3D PDBSMILESInChI

MOL for NP0000384 (Acetylcholine )


  Mrv1652305271900012D          

 10  9  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
    1.7605   -1.8414    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.4750   -1.4289    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.4750   -0.6039    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.1895   -1.8414    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.9039   -1.4289    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.6184   -1.8414    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.3329   -1.4289    0.0000 N   0  3  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    6.0474   -1.0164    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.7454   -2.1434    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.9204   -0.7145    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0  0  0  0
  2  3  2  0  0  0  0
  2  4  1  0  0  0  0
  4  5  1  0  0  0  0
  5  6  1  0  0  0  0
  6  7  1  0  0  0  0
  7  8  1  0  0  0  0
  7  9  1  0  0  0  0
  7 10  1  0  0  0  0
M  CHG  1   7   1
M  END
Download

3D MOL for NP0000384 (Acetylcholine )

HMDB0000895
     RDKit          3D
Acetylcholine
 26 25  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
    4.2649    0.5271    0.0396 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.8081    0.4869   -0.2521 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.2356    1.5873   -0.4496 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.0753   -0.6709   -0.3144 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.6928   -0.7608   -0.5855 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.0804   -0.0285    0.4526 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.5111   -0.0720    0.2498 N   0  0  0  0  0  4  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.1271    0.5974    1.3838 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.0198   -1.4324    0.2354 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9213    0.5588   -0.9730 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.4707    0.6942    1.1188 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.7312    1.3328   -0.5664 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.6820   -0.4400   -0.3125 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.5316   -0.2471   -1.5567 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.3598   -1.8130   -0.6005 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.1056   -0.4677    1.4720 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.1892    1.0452    0.4774 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9325    1.6740    1.3243 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.2116    0.3549    1.3638 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.6384    0.2003    2.2967 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9682   -1.7734   -0.8189 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4757   -2.0943    0.9308 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.1055   -1.3680    0.4875 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9995   -0.2197   -1.7830 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.9287    1.0062   -0.8260 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.2270    1.3226   -1.3416 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  2  0
  2  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  1  0
  7  8  1  0
  7  9  1  0
  7 10  1  0
  1 11  1  0
  1 12  1  0
  1 13  1  0
  5 14  1  0
  5 15  1  0
  6 16  1  0
  6 17  1  0
  8 18  1  0
  8 19  1  0
  8 20  1  0
  9 21  1  0
  9 22  1  0
  9 23  1  0
 10 24  1  0
 10 25  1  0
 10 26  1  0
M  CHG  1   7   1
M  END
Download

3D SDF for NP0000384 (Acetylcholine )


  Mrv1652305271900012D          

 10  9  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
    1.7605   -1.8414    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.4750   -1.4289    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.4750   -0.6039    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.1895   -1.8414    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.9039   -1.4289    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.6184   -1.8414    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.3329   -1.4289    0.0000 N   0  3  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    6.0474   -1.0164    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.7454   -2.1434    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.9204   -0.7145    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0  0  0  0
  2  3  2  0  0  0  0
  2  4  1  0  0  0  0
  4  5  1  0  0  0  0
  5  6  1  0  0  0  0
  6  7  1  0  0  0  0
  7  8  1  0  0  0  0
  7  9  1  0  0  0  0
  7 10  1  0  0  0  0
M  CHG  1   7   1
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
NP0000384

> <DATABASE_NAME>
NP-MRD

> <SMILES>
CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C7H16NO2/c1-7(9)10-6-5-8(2,3)4/h5-6H2,1-4H3/q+1

> <INCHI_KEY>
OIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N

> <FORMULA>
C7H16NO2

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
146.2074

> <EXACT_MASS>
146.118103761

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
1

> <JCHEM_ATOM_COUNT>
26

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
16.691995989128777

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
1

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
0

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
1

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
0

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
[2-(acetyloxy)ethyl]trimethylazanium

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
-2.91

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
-4.221143752471746

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
-3.13

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
0

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
0

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
1

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC>
-7.0082411552327235

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
26.3

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
51.3455

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
4

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
1

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
1.36e-01 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
acetylcholine

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
1

$$$$
Download

3D-SDF for NP0000384 (Acetylcholine )

HMDB0000895
     RDKit          3D
Acetylcholine
 26 25  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
    4.2649    0.5271    0.0396 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.8081    0.4869   -0.2521 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.2356    1.5873   -0.4496 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.0753   -0.6709   -0.3144 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.6928   -0.7608   -0.5855 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.0804   -0.0285    0.4526 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.5111   -0.0720    0.2498 N   0  0  0  0  0  4  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.1271    0.5974    1.3838 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.0198   -1.4324    0.2354 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9213    0.5588   -0.9730 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.4707    0.6942    1.1188 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.7312    1.3328   -0.5664 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.6820   -0.4400   -0.3125 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.5316   -0.2471   -1.5567 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.3598   -1.8130   -0.6005 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.1056   -0.4677    1.4720 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.1892    1.0452    0.4774 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9325    1.6740    1.3243 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.2116    0.3549    1.3638 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.6384    0.2003    2.2967 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9682   -1.7734   -0.8189 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4757   -2.0943    0.9308 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.1055   -1.3680    0.4875 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9995   -0.2197   -1.7830 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.9287    1.0062   -0.8260 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.2270    1.3226   -1.3416 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  2  0
  2  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  1  0
  7  8  1  0
  7  9  1  0
  7 10  1  0
  1 11  1  0
  1 12  1  0
  1 13  1  0
  5 14  1  0
  5 15  1  0
  6 16  1  0
  6 17  1  0
  8 18  1  0
  8 19  1  0
  8 20  1  0
  9 21  1  0
  9 22  1  0
  9 23  1  0
 10 24  1  0
 10 25  1  0
 10 26  1  0
M  CHG  1   7   1
M  END
Download

PDB for NP0000384 (Acetylcholine )

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 27-MAY-19   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    NULL                                                        
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   27-MAY-19         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0       3.286  -3.437   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  C   UNK     0       4.620  -2.667   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    3  O   UNK     0       4.620  -1.127   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    4  O   UNK     0       5.954  -3.437   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    5  C   UNK     0       7.287  -2.667   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    6  C   UNK     0       8.621  -3.437   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    7  N   UNK     0       9.955  -2.667   0.000  0.00  0.00           N+1
HETATM    8  C   UNK     0      11.288  -1.897   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    9  C   UNK     0      10.725  -4.001   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   10  C   UNK     0       9.185  -1.334   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
CONECT    1    2                                                            
CONECT    2    1    3    4                                                  
CONECT    3    2                                                            
CONECT    4    2    5                                                       
CONECT    5    4    6                                                       
CONECT    6    5    7                                                       
CONECT    7    6    8    9   10                                             
CONECT    8    7                                                            
CONECT    9    7                                                            
CONECT   10    7                                                            
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0   10    0   18    0
END
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3D PDB for NP0000384 (Acetylcholine )

COMPND    HMDB0000895
HETATM    1  C1  UNL     1       4.265   0.527   0.040  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    2  C2  UNL     1       2.808   0.487  -0.252  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    3  O1  UNL     1       2.236   1.587  -0.450  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    4  O2  UNL     1       2.075  -0.671  -0.314  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    5  C3  UNL     1       0.693  -0.761  -0.585  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    6  C4  UNL     1      -0.080  -0.029   0.453  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    7  N1  UNL     1      -1.511  -0.072   0.250  1.00  0.00           N1+
HETATM    8  C5  UNL     1      -2.127   0.597   1.384  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    9  C6  UNL     1      -2.020  -1.432   0.235  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   10  C7  UNL     1      -1.921   0.559  -0.973  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   11  H1  UNL     1       4.471   0.694   1.119  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   12  H2  UNL     1       4.731   1.333  -0.566  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   13  H3  UNL     1       4.682  -0.440  -0.313  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   14  H4  UNL     1       0.532  -0.247  -1.557  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   15  H5  UNL     1       0.360  -1.813  -0.600  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   16  H6  UNL     1       0.106  -0.468   1.472  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   17  H7  UNL     1       0.189   1.045   0.477  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   18  H8  UNL     1      -1.933   1.674   1.324  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   19  H9  UNL     1      -3.212   0.355   1.364  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   20  H10 UNL     1      -1.638   0.200   2.297  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   21  H11 UNL     1      -1.968  -1.773  -0.819  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   22  H12 UNL     1      -1.476  -2.094   0.931  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   23  H13 UNL     1      -3.105  -1.368   0.488  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   24  H14 UNL     1      -1.999  -0.220  -1.783  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   25  H15 UNL     1      -2.929   1.006  -0.826  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   26  H16 UNL     1      -1.227   1.323  -1.342  1.00  0.00           H  
CONECT    1    2   11   12   13
CONECT    2    3    3    4
CONECT    4    5
CONECT    5    6   14   15
CONECT    6    7   16   17
CONECT    7    8    9   10
CONECT    8   18   19   20
CONECT    9   21   22   23
CONECT   10   24   25   26
END
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SMILES for NP0000384 (Acetylcholine )

CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C
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INCHI for NP0000384 (Acetylcholine )

InChI=1S/C7H16NO2/c1-7(9)10-6-5-8(2,3)4/h5-6H2,1-4H3/q+1
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Synonyms
ValueSource
AChChEBI
AzetylcholinChEBI
Choline acetateChEBI
O-AcetylcholineChEBI
Choline acetic acidGenerator
Acetylcholine iodideHMDB
Acetylcholine perchlorateHMDB
Acetylcholine sulfate (1:1)HMDB
BromoacetylcholineHMDB
Cusi, acetilcolinaHMDB
Iodide, acetylcholineHMDB
2-(Acetyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminiumHMDB
Acetilcolina cusiHMDB
Acetylcholine fluorideHMDB
Acetylcholine L tartrateHMDB
Acetylcholine picrateHMDB
ChloroacetylcholineHMDB
MiocholHMDB
Perchlorate, acetylcholineHMDB
Acetylcholine L-tartrateHMDB
Acetylcholine picrate (1:1)HMDB
Hydroxide, acetylcholineHMDB
Acetylcholine bromideHMDB
Acetylcholine chlorideHMDB
Acetylcholine hydroxideHMDB
Bromide, acetylcholineHMDB
Fluoride, acetylcholineHMDB
L-Tartrate, acetylcholineHMDB
Acetyl choline ionHMDB
Acetylcholine cationHMDB
Acetylcholinium: acetyl-cholineHMDB
Choline acetate (ester)HMDB
Bournonville brand OF acetylcholine chlorideHMDB
Iolab brand OF acetylcholine chlorideHMDB
Alcon brand OF acetylcholine chlorideHMDB
Ciba vision brand OF acetylcholine chlorideHMDB
AcetylcholineMeSH, HMDB
Chemical FormulaC7H16NO2
Average Mass146.2074 Da
Monoisotopic Mass146.11810 Da
IUPAC Name[2-(acetyloxy)ethyl]trimethylazanium
Traditional Nameacetylcholine
CAS Registry Number51-84-3
SMILES
CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C7H16NO2/c1-7(9)10-6-5-8(2,3)4/h5-6H2,1-4H3/q+1
InChI KeyOIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Predicted Spectra
Not Available
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Anas platyrhynchosFooDB
AnatidaeFooDB
Anser anserFooDB
Artocarpus heterophyllusFooDB
Bison bisonFooDB
Bos taurusFooDB
Bos taurus X Bison bisonFooDB
Bubalus bubalisFooDB
Capra aegagrus hircusFooDB
Capsella bursa-pastorisKNApSAcK Database
Capsicum annuumFooDB
CervidaeFooDB
Cervus canadensisFooDB
ColumbaFooDB
ColumbidaeFooDB
Coriandrum sativum L.FooDB
Cuminum cyminumFooDB
Daucus carotaFooDB
Daucus carota ssp. sativusFooDB
Dromaius novaehollandiaeFooDB
Elettaria cardamomumFooDB
Equus caballusFooDB
Foeniculum vulgareFooDB
Gallus gallusFooDB
Girardinia diversifoliaLOTUS Database
Homo sapiensLOTUS Database
Lagopus mutaFooDB
LeporidaeFooDB
Lepus timidusFooDB
Melanitta fuscaFooDB
Meleagris gallopavoFooDB
Monascus pilosusLOTUS Database
Mus musculusLOTUS Database
Musca domesticaLOTUS Database
Numida meleagrisFooDB
OdocoileusFooDB
OryctolagusFooDB
Ovis ariesFooDB
PhasianidaeFooDB
Phasianus colchicusFooDB
Pimpinella anisumFooDB
Piper nigrum L.FooDB
Poa huecuLOTUS Database
Pseudo-nitzschia multistriataLOTUS Database
Ramalina fraxineaLOTUS Database
Solanum tuberosumFooDB
Spinacia oleraceaFooDB
Struthio camelusFooDB
Sus scrofaFooDB
Sus scrofa domesticaFooDB
Trigonella foenum-graecumFooDB
Trypanosoma bruceiLOTUS Database
Vigna unguiculataLOTUS Database
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyl cholines. These are acylated derivatives of choline. Choline or 2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium is a quaternary ammonium salt with the chemical formula (CH3)3N+(CH2)2OH.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic nitrogen compounds
ClassOrganonitrogen compounds
Sub ClassQuaternary ammonium salts
Direct ParentAcyl cholines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Acyl choline
  • Tetraalkylammonium salt
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic salt
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Amine
  • Organic cation
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point148 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.14 g/LALOGPS
logP-2.9ALOGPS
logP-4.2ChemAxon
logS-3.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)-7ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area26.3 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count4ChemAxon
Refractivity51.35 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability16.69 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
HMDB IDHMDB0000895
DrugBank IDDB03128
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB004643
KNApSAcK IDC00054040
Chemspider ID182
KEGG Compound IDC01996
BioCyc IDACETYLCHOLINE
BiGG ID38868
Wikipedia LinkAcetylcholine
METLIN ID57
PubChem Compound187
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID15355
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
General References
  1. Nguyen VT, Ndoye A, Hall LL, Zia S, Arredondo J, Chernyavsky AI, Kist DA, Zelickson BD, Lawry MA, Grando SA: Programmed cell death of keratinocytes culminates in apoptotic secretion of a humectant upon secretagogue action of acetylcholine. J Cell Sci. 2001 Mar;114(Pt 6):1189-204. [PubMed:11228162 ]
  2. Chia S, Megson IL, Ludlam CA, Fox KA, Newby DE: Preserved endothelial vasomotion and fibrinolytic function in patients with acute stent thrombosis or in-stent restenosis. Thromb Res. 2003;111(6):343-9. [PubMed:14698651 ]
  3. Grando SA, Kist DA, Qi M, Dahl MV: Human keratinocytes synthesize, secrete, and degrade acetylcholine. J Invest Dermatol. 1993 Jul;101(1):32-6. [PubMed:8331294 ]
  4. Beilin B, Bessler H, Papismedov L, Weinstock M, Shavit Y: Continuous physostigmine combined with morphine-based patient-controlled analgesia in the postoperative period. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2005 Jan;49(1):78-84. [PubMed:15675987 ]
  5. Tao J, Jin YF, Yang Z, Wang LC, Gao XR, Lui L, Ma H: Reduced arterial elasticity is associated with endothelial dysfunction in persons of advancing age: comparative study of noninvasive pulse wave analysis and laser Doppler blood flow measurement. Am J Hypertens. 2004 Aug;17(8):654-9. [PubMed:15288882 ]
  6. Jiang JL, Jiang DJ, Tang YH, Li NS, Deng HW, Li YJ: Effect of simvastatin on endothelium-dependent vaso-relaxation and endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2004 Jul;25(7):893-901. [PubMed:15210062 ]
  7. Haug KH, Bogen IL, Osmundsen H, Walaas I, Fonnum F: Effects on cholinergic markers in rat brain and blood after short and prolonged administration of donepezil. Neurochem Res. 2005 Dec;30(12):1511-20. [PubMed:16362770 ]
  8. Katoh H, Shimada T, Inoue S, Takahashi N, Shimizu H, Ohta Y, Nakamura K, Murakami Y, Ishibashi Y, Matsumori A: Reduced high serum hepatocyte growth factor levels after successful cardioversion in patients with atrial fibrillation. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2004 Mar;31(3):145-51. [PubMed:15008956 ]
  9. Main C, Blennerhassett P, Collins SM: Human recombinant interleukin 1 beta suppresses acetylcholine release from rat myenteric plexus. Gastroenterology. 1993 Jun;104(6):1648-54. [PubMed:8500722 ]
  10. Ikarashi Y, Harigaya Y, Tomidokoro Y, Kanai M, Ikeda M, Matsubara E, Kawarabayashi T, Kuribara H, Younkin SG, Maruyama Y, Shoji M: Decreased level of brain acetylcholine and memory disturbance in APPsw mice. Neurobiol Aging. 2004 Apr;25(4):483-90. [PubMed:15013569 ]
  11. Katz SD, Krum H: Acetylcholine-mediated vasodilation in the forearm circulation of patients with heart failure: indirect evidence for the role of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor. Am J Cardiol. 2001 May 1;87(9):1089-92. [PubMed:11348607 ]
  12. Hanna ST, Cao K, Wang R: Interaction of acetylcholine with Kir6.1 channels heterologously expressed in human embryonic kidney cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2005 May 16;515(1-3):34-42. [PubMed:15894309 ]
  13. Greig NH, Utsuki T, Ingram DK, Wang Y, Pepeu G, Scali C, Yu QS, Mamczarz J, Holloway HW, Giordano T, Chen D, Furukawa K, Sambamurti K, Brossi A, Lahiri DK: Selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibition elevates brain acetylcholine, augments learning and lowers Alzheimer beta-amyloid peptide in rodent. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Nov 22;102(47):17213-8. Epub 2005 Nov 7. [PubMed:16275899 ]
  14. Shirahata M, Balbir A, Otsubo T, Fitzgerald RS: Role of acetylcholine in neurotransmission of the carotid body. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2007 Jul 1;157(1):93-105. Epub 2007 Jan 11. [PubMed:17284361 ]
  15. Hasselmo ME: The role of acetylcholine in learning and memory. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2006 Dec;16(6):710-5. Epub 2006 Sep 29. [PubMed:17011181 ]
  16. Beane M, Marrocco RT: Norepinephrine and acetylcholine mediation of the components of reflexive attention: implications for attention deficit disorders. Prog Neurobiol. 2004 Oct;74(3):167-81. [PubMed:15556286 ]
  17. Mezzelani A, Landini M, Facchiano F, Raggi ME, Villa L, Molteni M, De Santis B, Brera C, Caroli AM, Milanesi L, Marabotti A: Environment, dysbiosis, immunity and sex-specific susceptibility: a translational hypothesis for regressive autism pathogenesis. Nutr Neurosci. 2015 May;18(4):145-61. doi: 10.1179/1476830513Y.0000000108. Epub 2014 Jan 21. [PubMed:24621061 ]