Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Updated at | 2022-01-17 17:37:51 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0000312 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | Caproic acid |
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Description | Caproic acid, also known as hexanoic acid or C6:0, Is a medium-chain fatty acid. Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) are fatty acids with aliphatic tails of 6 to 12 carbons, which can form medium-chain triglycerides. Caproic acid is a colourless oily liquid that smells like cheese with an overlying waxy or barnyard odor like that of goats or other barnyard animals. Its name comes from the Latin word capra, meaning "goat". Two other fatty acids are named after goats: Caprylic acid (C8) and capric acid (C10). Along with caproic acid, they account for 15% of the fat in goat's milk. Caproic acid is a fatty acid found naturally in various animal fats and oils. While generally more abundant in animals, caproic acid is found in all organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to animals. Caproic acid is one of the chemicals that gives the decomposing fleshy seed coat of the ginkgo fruit its characteristic unpleasant odor. It is also one of the components of vanilla and cheese. Industrially, the primary use of caproic acid is in the manufacture of its esters for use as artificial flavors and in the manufacture of hexyl derivatives, such as hexylphenols. Caproic acid has been associated with medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, which is an inborn error of metabolism. As a relatively volatile organic compound, caproic acid has been identified as a fecal biomarker of Clostridium difficile infection (PMID: 30986230 ). |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C6H12O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6(7)8/h2-5H2,1H3,(H,7,8) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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1-Hexanoic acid | ChEBI | 1-Pentanecarboxylic acid | ChEBI | 6:0 | ChEBI | Butylacetic acid | ChEBI | C6:0 | ChEBI | Capronic acid | ChEBI | CH3-[CH2]4-COOH | ChEBI | Hexanoate | ChEBI | Hexoic acid | ChEBI | Hexylic acid | ChEBI | N-Caproic acid | ChEBI | N-Hexanoic acid | ChEBI | N-Hexoic acid | ChEBI | N-Hexylic acid | ChEBI | Pentanecarboxylic acid | ChEBI | Pentiformic acid | ChEBI | Pentylformic acid | ChEBI | 1-Hexanoate | Generator | 1-Pentanecarboxylate | Generator | Butylacetate | Generator | Capronate | Generator | Hexanoic acid | Generator | Hexoate | Generator | Hexylate | Generator | N-Caproate | Generator | N-Hexanoate | Generator | N-Hexoate | Generator | N-Hexylate | Generator | Pentanecarboxylate | Generator | Pentiformate | Generator | Pentylformate | Generator | Caproate | Generator | Hexanoic acid, calcium salt | HMDB | Hexanoic acid, sodium salt, 1-(11)C-labeled | HMDB | Hexanoic acid, nickel (2+) salt | HMDB | Hexanoic acid, sodium salt | HMDB | Bismuth(III)hexanoate | HMDB | Hexanoic acid, copper (2+) salt | HMDB | Hexanoic acid, manganese (2+) salt | HMDB | Bi(ohex)3 | HMDB | Hexanoic acid, barium salt | HMDB | Hexanoic acid, potassium salt | HMDB | Hexanoic acid, rhodium (2+) salt | HMDB | FA(6:0) | HMDB | Calcium N-hexanoate | HMDB | Hexanoic acid, sodium salt (1:1) | HMDB | Sodium capronate | HMDB | Calcium hexanoate | HMDB | Caproic acid sodium salt | HMDB | Sodium caproate | HMDB | Sodium hexanoate | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C6H12O2 |
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Average Mass | 116.1583 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 116.08373 Da |
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IUPAC Name | hexanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | hexanoic acid |
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CAS Registry Number | 142-62-1 |
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SMILES | CCCCCC(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C6H12O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6(7)8/h2-5H2,1H3,(H,7,8) |
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InChI Key | FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, simulated) | Ahselim | | | 2022-01-17 | View Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum | 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Not Available | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Not Available | Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Species Where Detected | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 4 and 12 carbon atoms. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Fatty Acyls |
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Sub Class | Fatty acids and conjugates |
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Direct Parent | Medium-chain fatty acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Medium-chain fatty acid
- Straight chain fatty acid
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Jakobs C, Sweetman L, Nyhan WL: Hydroxy acid metabolites of branched-chain amino acids in amniotic fluid. Clin Chim Acta. 1984 Jul 16;140(2):157-66. [PubMed:6467607 ]
- Epps JM, Phillips JO, Mestecky J: IgA-mediated clearance and tissue deposition of dinitrophenylated human serum albumin at various DNP:HSA ratios. Mol Immunol. 1988 Aug;25(8):731-8. [PubMed:3185569 ]
- Varani J, Orr W, Ward PA: Cell-associated proteases affect tumour cell migration in vitro. J Cell Sci. 1979 Apr;36:241-52. [PubMed:457809 ]
- Nilsen SL, Castellino FJ: Expression of human plasminogen in Drosophila Schneider S2 cells. Protein Expr Purif. 1999 Jun;16(1):136-43. [PubMed:10336871 ]
- Varani J, Orr W, Ward PA: Comparison of cell attachment and caseinolytic activities of five tumour cell types. J Cell Sci. 1978 Dec;34:133-44. [PubMed:748334 ]
- Hoverstad T, Fausa O, Bjorneklett A, Bohmer T: Short-chain fatty acids in the normal human feces. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1984 May;19(3):375-81. [PubMed:6740214 ]
- Patel M, Fowler D, Sizer J, Walton C: Faecal volatile biomarkers of Clostridium difficile infection. PLoS One. 2019 Apr 15;14(4):e0215256. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215256. eCollection 2019. [PubMed:30986230 ]
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