Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Updated at | 2020-11-24 22:14:10 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0000269 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | L-Homocystine |
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Description | Homocystine is the double-bonded form of homocysteine, but it occurs only transiently before being converted to the harmless cystathionine via a vitamin B6-dependent enzyme. Homocystine and homocysteine-cysteine mixed disulfide account for >98% of total homocysteine in plasma from healthy individuals (PMID 11592966 ). Oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is thought to be a major factor in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Elevated plasma homocysteine is an accepted risk factor for atherosclerosis, and may act through LDL oxidation, although this is controversial. However, the major thiol in plasma is cysteine, which is present at concentrations approximately 10 times greater than homocysteine; therefore homocystine in plasma is insignificant, and consequently homocystine is unlikely to influence LDL oxidation in vivo (PMID 14732479 ). Increasing evidence supports a role for an elevation of homocysteine in schizophrenia. It has been demonstrated that neural tube defects are related to a genetic defect in homocysteine metabolism. Sufficient intake of folic acid is believed to reduce this risk by enhancing methylation of homocysteine and its conversion to methionine, thereby compensating for this genetic defect (homocystinuria). Plasma homocysteine levels are elevated when folate levels are in the lower half of the normal range (PMID 16143442 ). |
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Structure | NC(CCSSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C8H16N2O4S2/c9-5(7(11)12)1-3-15-16-4-2-6(10)8(13)14/h5-6H,1-4,9-10H2,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)/t5-,6?/m0/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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4,4'-Dithiobis(2-aminobutyric acid) | HMDB | 4,4'-Dithiobis-2-amino-L-butyrate | HMDB | 4,4'-Dithiobis-2-amino-L-butyric acid | HMDB | [S-(R*,r*)]-4,4'-dithiobis-2-amino-butanoate | HMDB | [S-(R*,r*)]-4,4'-dithiobis-2-amino-butanoic acid | HMDB | 2-Amino-4-{[(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]disulfanyl}butanoate | HMDB | 2-Amino-4-{[(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]disulphanyl}butanoate | HMDB | 2-Amino-4-{[(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]disulphanyl}butanoic acid | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C8H16N2O4S2 |
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Average Mass | 268.3540 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 268.05515 Da |
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IUPAC Name | 2-amino-4-{[(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]disulfanyl}butanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | 2-amino-4-{[(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]disulfanyl}butanoic acid |
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CAS Registry Number | 626-72-2 |
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SMILES | NC(CCSSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C8H16N2O4S2/c9-5(7(11)12)1-3-15-16-4-2-6(10)8(13)14/h5-6H,1-4,9-10H2,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)/t5-,6?/m0/s1 |
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InChI Key | ZTVZLYBCZNMWCF-ZBHICJROSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, 5%_DMSO, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Not Available | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, simulated) | v.dorna83@yahoo.com | Not Available | Not Available | 2021-08-10 | View Spectrum |
| Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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Class | Carboxylic acids and derivatives |
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Sub Class | Amino acids, peptides, and analogues |
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Direct Parent | L-alpha-amino acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - L-alpha-amino acid
- Thia fatty acid
- Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Fatty acyl
- Fatty acid
- Amino acid
- Organic disulfide
- Dialkyldisulfide
- Carboxylic acid
- Sulfenyl compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Primary amine
- Organosulfur compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Primary aliphatic amine
- Organic oxide
- Organopnictogen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Amine
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 300 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | 0.2 mg/mL at 25 °C | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Predicted Properties | |
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