NP-MRD: Showing NP-Card for Glycogen (NP0000229)

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Record Information

Version

1.0

Created at

2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC

Updated at

2021-08-19 23:57:57 UTC

NP-MRD ID

NP0000229

Secondary Accession Numbers

None

Natural Product Identification

Common Name

Glycogen

Description

Glycogen is a highly-branched polymer of about 30,000 glucose residues. The simplest structure of glycogen is made up of four units of glucose with an approximate molecular weight of 666 daltons. However, large molecules of glycogen can reach molecular weights in the order of 5 million Da. Most of the glucose units are linked together by alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds, and approximately 1 in 12 glucose residues also form a 1,6 glycosidic bond with a second glucose, resulting in the creation of a branch. Glycogen only has one reducing end and a large number of non-reducing ends with a free hydroxyl group at carbon 4. The glycogen granules contain both glycogen and the enzymes of glycogen synthesis (glycogenesis) and degradation (glycogenolysis). The enzymes are nested between the outer branches of the glycogen molecules and act on the non-reducing ends. Therefore, the many non-reducing end-branches of glycogen facilitate its rapid synthesis and breakdown. In hypoglycemia caused by excessive insulin, liver glycogen levels are high, but the high insulin level prevents the necessary glycogenolysis to take place to maintain normal blood sugar levels. Glucagon is a common treatment for this type of hypoglycemia. Glycogen is a polysaccharide that is the principal storage form of glucose (Glc) in animal cells. Glycogen is found in the form of granules in the cytosol in many cell types. Hepatocytes (liver cells) have the highest concentration of it - up to 8% of the fresh weight in well fed state, or 100 to 120 g in an adult - giving liver a distinctive, 'starchy taste'. In the muscles, glycogen is found in a much lower concentration (1% of the muscle mass), but the total amount exceeds that in liver. Small amounts of glycogen are found in the kidneys, and even smaller amounts in certain glial cells in the brain and white blood cells.

Structure

MOL 3D MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

 
  Mrv1652305271900142D          
 
 45 48  0  0  1  0            999 V2000
   12.3910  -11.5456    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.6900  -10.7275    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   11.6306  -11.9259    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.9391  -12.1409    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   13.5239  -10.5938    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.0257   -9.8861    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.8518  -11.6611    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   13.7257  -12.0046    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.6795  -12.9302    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.0300  -11.2546    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.6002   -9.2996    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.5476  -10.8979    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.3247  -12.3245    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.2450  -12.6444    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.8691  -11.3647    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.0653   -8.6729    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    9.7190  -10.7931    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    9.5249  -12.2143    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.7143  -12.9273    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   15.5115  -10.8534    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.3406   -7.8993    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   11.2550   -8.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    9.2076  -11.4591    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    9.2304  -10.2059    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    9.0189  -12.8725    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   15.5561  -10.0274    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   16.2222  -11.2809    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   11.8057   -7.2726    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.7201   -8.2034    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.9928   -9.5288    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    8.3920  -11.3673    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    9.4941   -9.7013    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   16.2956   -9.6419    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.8487   -9.4365    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   16.9302  -10.9137    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   16.1907  -12.1121    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.9928   -7.4246    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.2293   -6.3565    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    9.9125   -8.3712    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   16.9826  -10.0877    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   15.1030   -8.7687    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   17.6146  -11.3673    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.4290   -6.7979    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   11.7272   -5.8702    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   17.6860   -9.7153    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0  0  0  0
  1  3  1  6  0  0  0
  1  4  1  0  0  0  0
  2  5  1  0  0  0  0
  2  6  1  1  0  0  0
  7  3  1  6  0  0  0
  4  8  1  0  0  0  0
  4  9  1  1  0  0  0
  5 10  1  0  0  0  0
  6 11  1  0  0  0  0
  7 12  1  0  0  0  0
  7 13  1  0  0  0  0
  8 14  1  6  0  0  0
 10 15  1  6  0  0  0
 16 11  1  6  0  0  0
 12 17  1  0  0  0  0
 13 18  1  0  0  0  0
 13 19  1  6  0  0  0
 20 15  1  6  0  0  0
 16 21  1  0  0  0  0
 16 22  1  0  0  0  0
 17 23  1  0  0  0  0
 17 24  1  1  0  0  0
 18 25  1  1  0  0  0
 20 26  1  0  0  0  0
 20 27  1  0  0  0  0
 21 28  1  0  0  0  0
 22 29  1  0  0  0  0
 22 30  1  6  0  0  0
 23 31  1  6  0  0  0
 24 32  1  0  0  0  0
 26 33  1  0  0  0  0
 26 34  1  1  0  0  0
 27 35  1  0  0  0  0
 27 36  1  1  0  0  0
 28 37  1  0  0  0  0
 28 38  1  1  0  0  0
 29 39  1  1  0  0  0
 33 40  1  0  0  0  0
 34 41  1  0  0  0  0
 35 42  1  6  0  0  0
 37 43  1  6  0  0  0
 38 44  1  0  0  0  0
 40 45  1  6  0  0  0
  8 10  1  0  0  0  0
 18 23  1  0  0  0  0
 29 37  1  0  0  0  0
 35 40  1  0  0  0  0
M  END

HMDB0000757
     RDKit          3D
Glycogen
 87 90  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -0.1394    5.9517   -0.7705 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.6274    5.6181   -2.0338 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.2124    4.5600   -2.7001 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.2352    3.4339   -1.9760 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7816    2.5624   -1.9204 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3616    1.2497   -1.6096 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.9508    0.9019   -0.4014 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5805   -0.4805    0.0481 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7597   -0.6917    0.2460 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.3063   -0.0210    1.3426 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.4285   -0.7239    1.7118 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.6315   -0.1150    1.6407 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.4410   -0.8384    0.5544 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.4987   -0.0094   -0.7212 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.0856   -0.8136   -1.6887 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.6820   -1.2442    0.9962 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    6.4723   -0.1705    1.3593 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    7.7194   -0.7105    1.7489 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.8094    0.5587    2.4839 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    6.6506    0.5703    3.6195 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.4614   -0.0786    2.8653 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.9553    0.8008    3.8499 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.3524   -0.0129    2.5149 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.9896   -0.0358    3.7499 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5228   -1.2641    2.3398 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.1355   -1.6095    3.5175 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4542   -0.9508    1.2027 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.2840   -1.9901    0.8352 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.6343   -1.7165    0.8720 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.2502   -1.9376   -0.3596 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.8788   -3.1295   -0.9445 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.8155   -3.4598   -2.0948 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.1336   -3.5844   -1.6761 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.7241   -4.3030   -0.0633 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.6485   -5.0996   -0.5262 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.6289   -4.0610    1.4006 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.1062   -5.1088    2.1726 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.2731   -2.7363    1.8086 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.0637   -2.4534    3.1392 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.6288    2.5709   -3.1532 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.2078    1.3184   -3.3993 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.8145    2.9945   -4.3295 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.5025    2.9746   -5.5247 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.2798    4.3971   -4.1138 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7902    4.5811   -4.9738 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.8930    6.3668   -0.2418 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7636    6.5189   -2.6740 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.6367    5.1980   -1.8645 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.2580    5.0008   -2.7249 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4629    2.9049   -1.0793 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.0647    0.9063   -0.5349 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7301    1.7075    0.3011 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.8573   -1.1515   -0.8210 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4640    1.0033    1.0253 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.5021    0.9296    1.2705 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.9150   -1.7885    0.2351 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.4174    0.1602   -1.0009 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.9654    0.9657   -0.5941 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.1634   -1.7587   -1.4110 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    6.6120    0.5090    0.5136 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    7.7672   -0.7129    2.7250 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.5712    1.6094    2.2280 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    6.6844    1.4570    4.0332 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.7175   -1.0561    3.2839 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.0716    1.7232    3.4576 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3418    0.8425    2.4893 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.9910   -0.9932    4.0439 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.2106   -2.0641    2.0220 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.6262   -2.3128    3.9537 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.0749   -0.0926    1.4801 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.8900   -0.7101    1.1945 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.8791   -2.9318   -1.4352 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.4500   -4.4124   -2.5688 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.8010   -2.7008   -2.8906 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.4268   -4.5070   -1.8865 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.6247   -4.9702   -0.2204 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.2992   -5.6131    0.2336 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.5417   -3.9529    1.6628 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.5690   -5.7389    1.5362 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.3759   -2.7768    1.6584 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.6786   -3.1722    3.6690 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.4777    3.2958   -2.9821 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.9689    1.2362   -2.7458 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0694    2.3280   -4.3915 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.4707    2.9429   -5.3024 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.0687    5.1160   -4.3810 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.5393    5.0009   -5.8311 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  3  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  1  0
  7  8  1  0
  8  9  1  0
  9 10  1  0
 10 11  1  0
 11 12  1  0
 12 13  1  0
 13 14  1  0
 14 15  1  0
 13 16  1  0
 16 17  1  0
 17 18  1  0
 17 19  1  0
 19 20  1  0
 19 21  1  0
 21 22  1  0
 10 23  1  0
 23 24  1  0
 23 25  1  0
 25 26  1  0
 25 27  1  0
 27 28  1  0
 28 29  1  0
 29 30  1  0
 30 31  1  0
 31 32  1  0
 32 33  1  0
 31 34  1  0
 34 35  1  0
 34 36  1  0
 36 37  1  0
 36 38  1  0
 38 39  1  0
  5 40  1  0
 40 41  1  0
 40 42  1  0
 42 43  1  0
 42 44  1  0
 44 45  1  0
 44  3  1  0
 27  8  1  0
 38 29  1  0
 21 12  1  0
  1 46  1  0
  2 47  1  0
  2 48  1  0
  3 49  1  6
  5 50  1  1
  7 51  1  0
  7 52  1  0
  8 53  1  6
 10 54  1  6
 12 55  1  6
 13 56  1  6
 14 57  1  0
 14 58  1  0
 15 59  1  0
 17 60  1  6
 18 61  1  0
 19 62  1  6
 20 63  1  0
 21 64  1  1
 22 65  1  0
 23 66  1  1
 24 67  1  0
 25 68  1  6
 26 69  1  0
 27 70  1  1
 29 71  1  1
 31 72  1  6
 32 73  1  0
 32 74  1  0
 33 75  1  0
 34 76  1  1
 35 77  1  0
 36 78  1  1
 37 79  1  0
 38 80  1  1
 39 81  1  0
 40 82  1  1
 41 83  1  0
 42 84  1  6
 43 85  1  0
 44 86  1  6
 45 87  1  0
M  END

 
  Mrv1652305271900142D          
 
 45 48  0  0  1  0            999 V2000
   12.3910  -11.5456    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.6900  -10.7275    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   11.6306  -11.9259    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.9391  -12.1409    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   13.5239  -10.5938    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.0257   -9.8861    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.8518  -11.6611    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   13.7257  -12.0046    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.6795  -12.9302    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.0300  -11.2546    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.6002   -9.2996    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.5476  -10.8979    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.3247  -12.3245    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.2450  -12.6444    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.8691  -11.3647    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.0653   -8.6729    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    9.7190  -10.7931    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    9.5249  -12.2143    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.7143  -12.9273    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   15.5115  -10.8534    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.3406   -7.8993    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   11.2550   -8.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    9.2076  -11.4591    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    9.2304  -10.2059    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    9.0189  -12.8725    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   15.5561  -10.0274    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   16.2222  -11.2809    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   11.8057   -7.2726    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.7201   -8.2034    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.9928   -9.5288    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    8.3920  -11.3673    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    9.4941   -9.7013    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   16.2956   -9.6419    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.8487   -9.4365    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   16.9302  -10.9137    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   16.1907  -12.1121    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.9928   -7.4246    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.2293   -6.3565    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    9.9125   -8.3712    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   16.9826  -10.0877    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   15.1030   -8.7687    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   17.6146  -11.3673    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.4290   -6.7979    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   11.7272   -5.8702    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   17.6860   -9.7153    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0  0  0  0
  1  3  1  6  0  0  0
  1  4  1  0  0  0  0
  2  5  1  0  0  0  0
  2  6  1  1  0  0  0
  7  3  1  6  0  0  0
  4  8  1  0  0  0  0
  4  9  1  1  0  0  0
  5 10  1  0  0  0  0
  6 11  1  0  0  0  0
  7 12  1  0  0  0  0
  7 13  1  0  0  0  0
  8 14  1  6  0  0  0
 10 15  1  6  0  0  0
 16 11  1  6  0  0  0
 12 17  1  0  0  0  0
 13 18  1  0  0  0  0
 13 19  1  6  0  0  0
 20 15  1  6  0  0  0
 16 21  1  0  0  0  0
 16 22  1  0  0  0  0
 17 23  1  0  0  0  0
 17 24  1  1  0  0  0
 18 25  1  1  0  0  0
 20 26  1  0  0  0  0
 20 27  1  0  0  0  0
 21 28  1  0  0  0  0
 22 29  1  0  0  0  0
 22 30  1  6  0  0  0
 23 31  1  6  0  0  0
 24 32  1  0  0  0  0
 26 33  1  0  0  0  0
 26 34  1  1  0  0  0
 27 35  1  0  0  0  0
 27 36  1  1  0  0  0
 28 37  1  0  0  0  0
 28 38  1  1  0  0  0
 29 39  1  1  0  0  0
 33 40  1  0  0  0  0
 34 41  1  0  0  0  0
 35 42  1  6  0  0  0
 37 43  1  6  0  0  0
 38 44  1  0  0  0  0
 40 45  1  6  0  0  0
  8 10  1  0  0  0  0
 18 23  1  0  0  0  0
 29 37  1  0  0  0  0
 35 40  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
NP0000229

> <DATABASE_NAME>
NP-MRD

> <SMILES>
OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OC[C@H]2O[C@H](O[C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)O[C@@H]3CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O[C@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C24H42O21/c25-1-5-9(28)11(30)16(35)22(41-5)39-4-8-20(45-23-17(36)12(31)10(29)6(2-26)42-23)14(33)18(37)24(43-8)44-19-7(3-27)40-21(38)15(34)13(19)32/h5-38H,1-4H2/t5-,6-,7-,8-,9-,10-,11+,12+,13-,14-,15-,16-,17-,18-,19-,20-,21+,22+,23-,24-/m1/s1

> <INCHI_KEY>
BYSGBSNPRWKUQH-UJDJLXLFSA-N

> <FORMULA>
C24H42O21

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
666.5777

> <EXACT_MASS>
666.221858406

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
21

> <JCHEM_ATOM_COUNT>
87

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
61.38637800234001

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
0

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
14

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
0

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-2-({[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
-2.67

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
-8.245046155

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
-0.29

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
1

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
4

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_PKA>
11.869173974378574

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_ACIDIC>
11.191977452335088

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC>
-3.6786216252270156

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
347.83000000000004

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
133.16330000000002

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
10

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
0

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
3.43e+02 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-2-({[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
0

$$$$

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 27-MAY-19   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    MOLECULE:                                                   
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   27-MAY-19         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0      23.130 -21.552   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  C   UNK     0      23.688 -20.025   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    3  O   UNK     0      21.710 -22.262   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    4  C   UNK     0      24.153 -22.663   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    5  O   UNK     0      25.245 -19.775   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    6  C   UNK     0      22.448 -18.454   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    7  C   UNK     0      20.257 -21.767   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    8  C   UNK     0      25.621 -22.409   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    9  O   UNK     0      23.668 -24.136   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   10  C   UNK     0      26.189 -21.009   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   11  O   UNK     0      23.520 -17.359   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   12  O   UNK     0      19.689 -20.343   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   13  C   UNK     0      19.273 -23.006   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   14  O   UNK     0      26.591 -23.603   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   15  O   UNK     0      27.756 -21.214   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   16  C   UNK     0      22.522 -16.189   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   17  C   UNK     0      18.142 -20.147   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   18  C   UNK     0      17.780 -22.800   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   19  O   UNK     0      20.000 -24.131   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   20  C   UNK     0      28.955 -20.260   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   21  O   UNK     0      23.036 -14.745   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   22  C   UNK     0      21.009 -16.473   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   23  C   UNK     0      17.188 -21.390   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   24  C   UNK     0      17.230 -19.051   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   25  O   UNK     0      16.835 -24.029   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   26  C   UNK     0      29.038 -18.718   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   27  C   UNK     0      30.281 -21.058   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   28  C   UNK     0      22.037 -13.576   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   29  C   UNK     0      20.011 -15.313   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   30  O   UNK     0      20.520 -17.787   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   31  O   UNK     0      15.665 -21.219   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   32  O   UNK     0      17.722 -18.109   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   33  O   UNK     0      30.418 -17.998   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   34  C   UNK     0      27.718 -17.615   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   35  C   UNK     0      31.603 -20.372   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   36  O   UNK     0      30.223 -22.609   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   37  C   UNK     0      20.520 -13.859   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   38  C   UNK     0      22.828 -11.865   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   39  O   UNK     0      18.503 -15.626   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   40  C   UNK     0      31.701 -18.830   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   41  O   UNK     0      28.192 -16.368   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   42  O   UNK     0      32.881 -21.219   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   43  O   UNK     0      19.467 -12.689   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   44  O   UNK     0      21.891 -10.958   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   45  O   UNK     0      33.014 -18.135   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
CONECT    1    2    3    4                                                  
CONECT    2    1    5    6                                                  
CONECT    3    1    7                                                       
CONECT    4    1    8    9                                                  
CONECT    5    2   10                                                       
CONECT    6    2   11                                                       
CONECT    7    3   12   13                                                  
CONECT    8    4   14   10                                                  
CONECT    9    4                                                            
CONECT   10    5   15    8                                                  
CONECT   11    6   16                                                       
CONECT   12    7   17                                                       
CONECT   13    7   18   19                                                  
CONECT   14    8                                                            
CONECT   15   10   20                                                       
CONECT   16   11   21   22                                                  
CONECT   17   12   23   24                                                  
CONECT   18   13   25   23                                                  
CONECT   19   13                                                            
CONECT   20   15   26   27                                                  
CONECT   21   16   28                                                       
CONECT   22   16   29   30                                                  
CONECT   23   17   31   18                                                  
CONECT   24   17   32                                                       
CONECT   25   18                                                            
CONECT   26   20   33   34                                                  
CONECT   27   20   35   36                                                  
CONECT   28   21   37   38                                                  
CONECT   29   22   39   37                                                  
CONECT   30   22                                                            
CONECT   31   23                                                            
CONECT   32   24                                                            
CONECT   33   26   40                                                       
CONECT   34   26   41                                                       
CONECT   35   27   42   40                                                  
CONECT   36   27                                                            
CONECT   37   28   43   29                                                  
CONECT   38   28   44                                                       
CONECT   39   29                                                            
CONECT   40   33   45   35                                                  
CONECT   41   34                                                            
CONECT   42   35                                                            
CONECT   43   37                                                            
CONECT   44   38                                                            
CONECT   45   40                                                            
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0   45    0   96    0
END

Mrv1652305271900142D          
 
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 12 17  1  0  0  0  0
 13 18  1  0  0  0  0
 13 19  1  6  0  0  0
 20 15  1  6  0  0  0
 16 21  1  0  0  0  0
 16 22  1  0  0  0  0
 17 23  1  0  0  0  0
 17 24  1  1  0  0  0
 18 25  1  1  0  0  0
 20 26  1  0  0  0  0
 20 27  1  0  0  0  0
 21 28  1  0  0  0  0
 22 29  1  0  0  0  0
 22 30  1  6  0  0  0
 23 31  1  6  0  0  0
 24 32  1  0  0  0  0
 26 33  1  0  0  0  0
 26 34  1  1  0  0  0
 27 35  1  0  0  0  0
 27 36  1  1  0  0  0
 28 37  1  0  0  0  0
 28 38  1  1  0  0  0
 29 39  1  1  0  0  0
 33 40  1  0  0  0  0
 34 41  1  0  0  0  0
 35 42  1  6  0  0  0
 37 43  1  6  0  0  0
 38 44  1  0  0  0  0
 40 45  1  6  0  0  0
  8 10  1  0  0  0  0
 18 23  1  0  0  0  0
 29 37  1  0  0  0  0
 35 40  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
NP0000229

> <DATABASE_NAME>
NP-MRD

> <SMILES>
OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OC[C@H]2O[C@H](O[C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)O[C@@H]3CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O[C@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C24H42O21/c25-1-5-9(28)11(30)16(35)22(41-5)39-4-8-20(45-23-17(36)12(31)10(29)6(2-26)42-23)14(33)18(37)24(43-8)44-19-7(3-27)40-21(38)15(34)13(19)32/h5-38H,1-4H2/t5-,6-,7-,8-,9-,10-,11+,12+,13-,14-,15-,16-,17-,18-,19-,20-,21+,22+,23-,24-/m1/s1

> <INCHI_KEY>
BYSGBSNPRWKUQH-UJDJLXLFSA-N

> <FORMULA>
C24H42O21

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
666.5777

> <EXACT_MASS>
666.221858406

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
21

> <JCHEM_ATOM_COUNT>
87

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
61.38637800234001

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
0

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
14

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
0

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-2-({[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
-2.67

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
-8.245046155

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
-0.29

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
1

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
4

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_PKA>
11.869173974378574

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_ACIDIC>
11.191977452335088

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC>
-3.6786216252270156

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
347.83000000000004

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
133.16330000000002

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
10

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
0

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
3.43e+02 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-2-({[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
0

$$$$

View in JSmol

Synonyms

Value	Source
Animal starch	HMDB
Liver starch	HMDB
Lyoglycogen	HMDB
Phytoglycogen	HMDB

Chemical Formula

C₂₄H₄₂O₂₁

Average Mass

666.5777 Da

Monoisotopic Mass

666.22186 Da

IUPAC Name

(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-2-({[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol

Traditional Name

CAS Registry Number

9005-79-2

SMILES

OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OC[C@H]2O[C@H](O[C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)O[C@@H]3CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O[C@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C24H42O21/c25-1-5-9(28)11(30)16(35)22(41-5)39-4-8-20(45-23-17(36)12(31)10(29)6(2-26)42-23)14(33)18(37)24(43-8)44-19-7(3-27)40-21(38)15(34)13(19)32/h5-38H,1-4H2/t5-,6-,7-,8-,9-,10-,11+,12+,13-,14-,15-,16-,17-,18-,19-,20-,21+,22+,23-,24-/m1/s1

InChI Key

BYSGBSNPRWKUQH-UJDJLXLFSA-N

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Depositor ID	Deposition Date	View
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Wishart Lab	2021-06-20	View Spectrum
2D NMR	[¹H, ¹³C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Wishart Lab	2021-06-20	View Spectrum

Species

Species of Origin

Species Name	Source	Reference
Anas platyrhynchos		FooDB
Anatidae		FooDB
Anser anser		FooDB
Bison bison		FooDB
Bos taurus		FooDB
Bos taurus X Bison bison		FooDB
Bubalus bubalis		FooDB
Capra aegagrus hircus		FooDB
Cervidae		FooDB
Cervus canadensis		FooDB
Columba		FooDB
Columbidae		FooDB
Dromaius novaehollandiae		FooDB
Equus caballus		FooDB
Gallus gallus		FooDB
Lagopus muta		FooDB
Leporidae		FooDB
Lepus timidus		FooDB
Melanitta fusca		FooDB
Meleagris gallopavo		FooDB
Numida meleagris		FooDB
Odocoileus		FooDB
Oryctolagus		FooDB
Ovis aries		FooDB
Phasianidae		FooDB
Phasianus colchicus		FooDB
Struthio camelus		FooDB
Sus scrofa		FooDB
Sus scrofa domestica		FooDB

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as oligosaccharides. These are carbohydrates made up of 3 to 10 monosaccharide units linked to each other through glycosidic bonds.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic oxygen compounds

Class

Organooxygen compounds

Sub Class

Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates

Direct Parent

Oligosaccharides

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Oligosaccharide
O-glycosyl compound
Glycosyl compound
Oxane
Secondary alcohol
Hemiacetal
Oxacycle
Organoheterocyclic compound
Polyol
Acetal
Hydrocarbon derivative
Primary alcohol
Alcohol
Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

glycogens (CHEBI:28087 )

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Reference
Melting Point	270 - 280 °C	Not Available
Boiling Point	1027.20 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)	The Good Scents Company Information System
Water Solubility	1000000 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)	The Good Scents Company Information System
LogP	-5.590 (est)	The Good Scents Company Information System

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	343 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	-2.7	ALOGPS
logP	-8.2	ChemAxon
logS	-0.29	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	11.19	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-3.7	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	21	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	14	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	347.83 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	10	ChemAxon
Refractivity	133.16 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	61.39 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	4	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	No	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	No	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	Yes	ChemAxon

External Links

HMDB ID

HMDB0000757

DrugBank ID

Not Available

Phenol Explorer Compound ID

Not Available

FoodDB ID

FDB022227

KNApSAcK ID

Not Available

Chemspider ID

388322

KEGG Compound ID

C00182

BioCyc ID

Not Available

BiGG ID

Not Available

Wikipedia Link

Glycogen

METLIN ID

160

PubChem Compound

439177

PDB ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

28087

Good Scents ID

rw1233951

References

General References

Zderic TW, Schenk S, Davidson CJ, Byerley LO, Coyle EF: Manipulation of dietary carbohydrate and muscle glycogen affects glucose uptake during exercise when fat oxidation is impaired by beta-adrenergic blockade. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Dec;287(6):E1195-201. Epub 2004 Aug 17. [PubMed:15315908 ]
Schaart G, Hesselink RP, Keizer HA, van Kranenburg G, Drost MR, Hesselink MK: A modified PAS stain combined with immunofluorescence for quantitative analyses of glycogen in muscle sections. Histochem Cell Biol. 2004 Aug;122(2):161-9. Epub 2004 Aug 3. [PubMed:15322861 ]
Wee SL, Williams C, Tsintzas K, Boobis L: Ingestion of a high-glycemic index meal increases muscle glycogen storage at rest but augments its utilization during subsequent exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2005 Aug;99(2):707-14. Epub 2005 Apr 14. [PubMed:15831796 ]
Zehnder M, Muelli M, Buchli R, Kuehne G, Boutellier U: Further glycogen decrease during early recovery after eccentric exercise despite a high carbohydrate intake. Eur J Nutr. 2004 Jun;43(3):148-59. Epub 2004 Jan 6. [PubMed:15168037 ]
Koopman R, Manders RJ, Jonkers RA, Hul GB, Kuipers H, van Loon LJ: Intramyocellular lipid and glycogen content are reduced following resistance exercise in untrained healthy males. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2006 Mar;96(5):525-34. Epub 2005 Dec 21. [PubMed:16369816 ]
Jentjens R, Jeukendrup A: Determinants of post-exercise glycogen synthesis during short-term recovery. Sports Med. 2003;33(2):117-44. [PubMed:12617691 ]
Ouwens DM, van der Zon GC, Maassen JA: Modulation of insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis by Src Homology Phosphatase 2. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2001 Apr 25;175(1-2):131-40. [PubMed:11325523 ]
Koppersmith DL, Powers JM, Hennigar GR: Angiomatoid neuroblastoma with cytoplasmic glycogen: a case report and histogenetic considerations. Cancer. 1980 Feb;45(3):553-60. [PubMed:7353205 ]
Kohler G, Boutellier U: Glycogen reduction in non-exercising muscle depends on blood lactate concentration. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2004 Aug;92(4-5):548-54. [PubMed:15170570 ]
Crosson SM, Khan A, Printen J, Pessin JE, Saltiel AR: PTG gene deletion causes impaired glycogen synthesis and developmental insulin resistance. J Clin Invest. 2003 May;111(9):1423-32. [PubMed:12727934 ]
Dube SN, Nayak BB, Das PK: Effect of foot-electroshock stress on cholinergic activity, tissue glycogen and blood sugar in albino rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1978 Jan-Mar;22(1):24-32. [PubMed:567191 ]
Chryssanthopoulos C, Williams C, Nowitz A, Bogdanis G: Skeletal muscle glycogen concentration and metabolic responses following a high glycaemic carbohydrate breakfast. J Sports Sci. 2004 Nov-Dec;22(11-12):1065-71. [PubMed:15801500 ]
Steinberg GR, Watt MJ, McGee SL, Chan S, Hargreaves M, Febbraio MA, Stapleton D, Kemp BE: Reduced glycogen availability is associated with increased AMPKalpha2 activity, nuclear AMPKalpha2 protein abundance, and GLUT4 mRNA expression in contracting human skeletal muscle. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2006 Jun;31(3):302-12. [PubMed:16770359 ]
Hudson ER, Pan DA, James J, Lucocq JM, Hawley SA, Green KA, Baba O, Terashima T, Hardie DG: A novel domain in AMP-activated protein kinase causes glycogen storage bodies similar to those seen in hereditary cardiac arrhythmias. Curr Biol. 2003 May 13;13(10):861-6. [PubMed:12747836 ]
van Loon LJ, Murphy R, Oosterlaar AM, Cameron-Smith D, Hargreaves M, Wagenmakers AJ, Snow R: Creatine supplementation increases glycogen storage but not GLUT-4 expression in human skeletal muscle. Clin Sci (Lond). 2004 Jan;106(1):99-106. [PubMed:14507259 ]
Tomihira M, Kawasaki E, Nakajima H, Imamura Y, Sato Y, Sata M, Kage M, Sugie H, Nunoi K: Intermittent and recurrent hepatomegaly due to glycogen storage in a patient with type 1 diabetes: genetic analysis of the liver glycogen phosphorylase gene (PYGL). Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2004 Aug;65(2):175-82. [PubMed:15223230 ]
McVie-Wylie AJ, Ding EY, Lawson T, Serra D, Migone FK, Pressley D, Mizutani M, Kikuchi T, Chen YT, Amalfitano A: Multiple muscles in the AMD quail can be "cross-corrected" of pathologic glycogen accumulation after intravenous injection of an [E1-, polymerase-] adenovirus vector encoding human acid-alpha-glucosidase. J Gene Med. 2003 May;5(5):399-406. [PubMed:12731088 ]
Price TB, Laurent D, Petersen KF: 13C/31P NMR studies on the role of glucose transport/phosphorylation in human glycogen supercompensation. Int J Sports Med. 2003 May;24(4):238-44. [PubMed:12784164 ]
Tanis AA, Rietveld T, Wattimena JL, van den Berg JW, Swart GR: The 13CO2 breath test for liver glycogen oxidation after 3-day labeling of the liver with a naturally 13C-enriched diet. Nutrition. 2003 May;19(5):432-7. [PubMed:12714096 ]
Devries MC, Hamadeh MJ, Graham TE, Tarnopolsky MA: 17beta-estradiol supplementation decreases glucose rate of appearance and disappearance with no effect on glycogen utilization during moderate intensity exercise in men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Nov;90(11):6218-25. Epub 2005 Aug 23. [PubMed:16118338 ]

Showing NP-Card for Glycogen (NP0000229)

MOL for NP0000229 (Glycogen)

3D MOL for NP0000229 (Glycogen)

3D SDF for NP0000229 (Glycogen)

3D-SDF for NP0000229 (Glycogen)

PDB for NP0000229 (Glycogen)

3D PDB for NP0000229 (Glycogen)

SMILES for NP0000229 (Glycogen)

INCHI for NP0000229 (Glycogen)

Structure for NP0000229 (Glycogen)

3D Structure for NP0000229 (Glycogen)