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Showing NP-Card for D-Mannose (NP0000207)

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Record Information
Version1.0
Created at2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Updated at2021-08-09 22:32:39 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0000207
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common NameD-Mannose
DescriptionD-Mannose (also called Mannose or D-mannopyranose) is a hexose or a six-carbon sugar. It is also classified as an aldohexose. It is fermentable monosaccharide and an isomer of glucose. Mannose commonly exists as two different-sized rings, the pyranose (six-membered) form and the furanose (five-membered) form. Formally, D-Mannose is the 2-epimer of glucose and exists primarily as sweet-tasting alpha- (67%) or as a bitter-tasting beta- (33%) anomer of the pyranose form (PMID: 24931670 ). Mannose is not an essential nutrient, meaning that it can be produced in the human body from glucose or converted into glucose. Mannose is ~5x as active as glucose in non-enzyamtic glycation, which may explain why evolution did not favor it as a biological energy source (PMID: 24931670 ). Mannose occurs in microbes, plants and animals. Free mannose is found in small amounts in many fruits such as oranges, apples and peaches and in mammalian plasma at 50–100 uM (PMID: 24931670 ). More often, mannose occurs in homo-or hetero-polymers such as yeast mannans (alpha-mannose) where it can account for nearly 16% of dry weight or in galactomannans. Coffee beans, fenugreek and guar gums are rich sources of galactomannans. However, these plant polysaccharides are not degraded in the mammalian GI tract and, therefore, provide very little bio-available mannose for glycan synthesis. The digestion of many polysaccharides and glycoproteins also yields mannose. Once mannose is released, it is phosphorylated by hexokinase to generate mannose-6-phosphate. Mannose-6-phosphate is then converted to fructose-6-phosphate, by the enzyme phosphomannose isomerase, whereupon it enters the glycolytic pathway or is converted to glucose-6-phosphate by the gluconeogenic pathway. Mannose is a dominant monosaccharide in N-linked glycosylation, which is a post-translational modification of proteins. N-linked glycosylation is initiated by the transfer of Glc3Man9GlcNAc2 to nascent glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum in a co-translational manner as the protein enters the transport system. Typically, mature human glycoproteins only contain three mannose residues buried under sequential modification by GlcNAc, galactose, and sialic acid. High-mannose-type oligosaccharides have been shown to play important roles in protein quality control. Several intracellular proteins such as lectins, chaperones, and glycan-processing enzymes, are involved in this process. These include calnexin/calreticulin, UDP-glucose:Glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT), cargo receptors (such as VIP36 and ERGIC-53), mannosidase-like proteins (e.G. EDEM and Htm1p) and ubiquitin ligase (Fbs). They are thought to recognize high-mannose-type glycans with subtly different structures. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is an important constituent of the innate immune system. This protein binds through multiple lectin domains to the repeating sugar arrays that decorate many microbial surfaces and is then able to activate the complement system through a specific protease called MBL-associated protease-2. Mannose (D-mannose) is used as a nutritional supplement, packaged as "D-mannose", to prevent recurrent urinary tract infections (PMID: 21105658 ). D-mannose prevents FimH-mediated bacterial adhesion in the urinary tract through a competitive inhibition mechanism. This mechanism is based on the structural similarity between D-mannose and urothelial mannosylated receptors exposed by the epithelium of the urinary tract (PMID: 21105658 ). When D-mannose is administered in sufficient amounts, it is rapidly absorbed and then excreted by the urinary tract where it saturates bacterial FimH, thereby preventing bacterial binding to urothelial cells.
Structure
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MOL3D MOLSDF3D SDFPDB3D PDBSMILESInChI

MOL for NP0000207 (D-Mannose)


  Mrv1652309032023552D          

 12 12  0  0  1  0            999 V2000
    0.3572   -0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.3572   -1.2374    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3572    0.0000    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.0716   -0.4125    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3572    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.0717    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.7861    1.2374    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.7861   -0.4125    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.3572    1.2374    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.0717    0.0000    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.0716    1.2374    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.7861    0.8250    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  5  3  1  0  0  0  0
  5  9  1  0  0  0  0
  3  1  1  0  0  0  0
  9  6  1  0  0  0  0
  1 10  1  0  0  0  0
  6 10  1  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  1  0  0  0
  3  4  1  6  0  0  0
  5 11  1  1  0  0  0
  6  7  1  6  0  0  0
 10  8  1  1  0  0  0
 11 12  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
Download

3D MOL for NP0000207 (D-Mannose)

HMDB0000169
     RDKit          3D
D-Mannose
 24 24  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
    3.2793    0.9708    0.2669 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.4717    0.0939   -0.4786 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.0889    0.1225    0.1612 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.5570    1.4034    0.1336 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.6072    1.3623    0.9287 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3378    0.5587    2.0243 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.6603    0.6766    0.1026 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9617    1.3729   -1.0698 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.2444   -0.7155   -0.2475 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9713   -1.0916   -1.3921 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.2064   -0.9090   -0.4611 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.6109   -2.1614    0.0489 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.8433    0.5058    0.9185 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.8241   -0.9612   -0.3851 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.4224    0.3829   -1.5396 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.2683   -0.1572    1.2406 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.9216    2.3811    1.2130 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.1016    0.0711    2.3734 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.6165    0.6012    0.6790 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.1713    2.3135   -0.8886 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.5677   -1.3931    0.5891 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.7182   -1.6865   -1.1900 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.4144   -0.9108   -1.5613 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.1073   -2.8305   -0.0594 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  3  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  5  7  1  0
  7  8  1  0
  7  9  1  0
  9 10  1  0
  9 11  1  0
 11 12  1  0
 11  3  1  0
  1 13  1  0
  2 14  1  0
  2 15  1  0
  3 16  1  1
  5 17  1  1
  6 18  1  0
  7 19  1  1
  8 20  1  0
  9 21  1  1
 10 22  1  0
 11 23  1  6
 12 24  1  0
M  END
Download

3D SDF for NP0000207 (D-Mannose)


  Mrv1652309032023552D          

 12 12  0  0  1  0            999 V2000
    0.3572   -0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.3572   -1.2374    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3572    0.0000    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.0716   -0.4125    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3572    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.0717    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.7861    1.2374    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.7861   -0.4125    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.3572    1.2374    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.0717    0.0000    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.0716    1.2374    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.7861    0.8250    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  5  3  1  0  0  0  0
  5  9  1  0  0  0  0
  3  1  1  0  0  0  0
  9  6  1  0  0  0  0
  1 10  1  0  0  0  0
  6 10  1  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  1  0  0  0
  3  4  1  6  0  0  0
  5 11  1  1  0  0  0
  6  7  1  6  0  0  0
 10  8  1  1  0  0  0
 11 12  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
NP0000207

> <DATABASE_NAME>
NP-MRD

> <SMILES>
OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-11H,1H2/t2-,3-,4+,5+,6+/m1/s1

> <INCHI_KEY>
WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PQMKYFCFSA-N

> <FORMULA>
C6H12O6

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
180.1559

> <EXACT_MASS>
180.063388116

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
6

> <JCHEM_ATOM_COUNT>
24

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
16.13167794027091

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
1

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
5

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
0

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
-2.57

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
-2.932539218

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
0.64

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
0

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
1

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_PKA>
12.687538461190869

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_ACIDIC>
11.298101552080594

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC>
-2.9810792051782764

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
110.38000000000001

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
35.9234

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
1

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
1

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
7.82e+02 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
α-D-mannose

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
0

$$$$
Download

3D-SDF for NP0000207 (D-Mannose)

HMDB0000169
     RDKit          3D
D-Mannose
 24 24  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
    3.2793    0.9708    0.2669 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.4717    0.0939   -0.4786 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.0889    0.1225    0.1612 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.5570    1.4034    0.1336 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.6072    1.3623    0.9287 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3378    0.5587    2.0243 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.6603    0.6766    0.1026 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9617    1.3729   -1.0698 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.2444   -0.7155   -0.2475 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.9713   -1.0916   -1.3921 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.2064   -0.9090   -0.4611 C   0  0  2  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.6109   -2.1614    0.0489 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.8433    0.5058    0.9185 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.8241   -0.9612   -0.3851 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.4224    0.3829   -1.5396 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.2683   -0.1572    1.2406 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.9216    2.3811    1.2130 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.1016    0.0711    2.3734 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.6165    0.6012    0.6790 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.1713    2.3135   -0.8886 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.5677   -1.3931    0.5891 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.7182   -1.6865   -1.1900 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.4144   -0.9108   -1.5613 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.1073   -2.8305   -0.0594 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  3  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  5  7  1  0
  7  8  1  0
  7  9  1  0
  9 10  1  0
  9 11  1  0
 11 12  1  0
 11  3  1  0
  1 13  1  0
  2 14  1  0
  2 15  1  0
  3 16  1  1
  5 17  1  1
  6 18  1  0
  7 19  1  1
  8 20  1  0
  9 21  1  1
 10 22  1  0
 11 23  1  6
 12 24  1  0
M  END
Download

PDB for NP0000207 (D-Mannose)

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 03-SEP-20   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    NULL                                                        
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   03-SEP-20         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0       0.667  -0.770   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  O   UNK     0       0.667  -2.310   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    3  C   UNK     0      -0.667   0.000   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    4  O   UNK     0      -2.000  -0.770   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    5  C   UNK     0      -0.667   1.540   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    6  C   UNK     0       2.001   1.540   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    7  O   UNK     0       3.334   2.310   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    8  O   UNK     0       3.334  -0.770   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    9  O   UNK     0       0.667   2.310   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   10  C   UNK     0       2.001   0.000   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   11  C   UNK     0      -2.000   2.310   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   12  O   UNK     0      -3.334   1.540   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
CONECT    1    3   10    2                                                  
CONECT    2    1                                                            
CONECT    3    5    1    4                                                  
CONECT    4    3                                                            
CONECT    5    3    9   11                                                  
CONECT    6    9   10    7                                                  
CONECT    7    6                                                            
CONECT    8   10                                                            
CONECT    9    5    6                                                       
CONECT   10    1    6    8                                                  
CONECT   11    5   12                                                       
CONECT   12   11                                                            
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0   12    0   24    0
END
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3D PDB for NP0000207 (D-Mannose)

COMPND    HMDB0000169
HETATM    1  O1  UNL     1       3.279   0.971   0.267  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    2  C1  UNL     1       2.472   0.094  -0.479  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    3  C2  UNL     1       1.089   0.123   0.161  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    4  O2  UNL     1       0.557   1.403   0.134  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    5  C3  UNL     1      -0.607   1.362   0.929  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    6  O3  UNL     1      -0.338   0.559   2.024  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    7  C4  UNL     1      -1.660   0.677   0.103  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    8  O4  UNL     1      -1.962   1.373  -1.070  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    9  C5  UNL     1      -1.244  -0.716  -0.247  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   10  O5  UNL     1      -1.971  -1.092  -1.392  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM   11  C6  UNL     1       0.206  -0.909  -0.461  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   12  O6  UNL     1       0.611  -2.161   0.049  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM   13  H1  UNL     1       3.843   0.506   0.919  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   14  H2  UNL     1       2.824  -0.961  -0.385  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   15  H3  UNL     1       2.422   0.383  -1.540  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   16  H4  UNL     1       1.268  -0.157   1.241  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   17  H5  UNL     1      -0.922   2.381   1.213  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   18  H6  UNL     1      -1.102   0.071   2.373  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   19  H7  UNL     1      -2.616   0.601   0.679  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   20  H8  UNL     1      -2.171   2.314  -0.889  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   21  H9  UNL     1      -1.568  -1.393   0.589  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   22  H10 UNL     1      -2.718  -1.686  -1.190  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   23  H11 UNL     1       0.414  -0.911  -1.561  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   24  H12 UNL     1      -0.107  -2.830  -0.059  1.00  0.00           H  
CONECT    1    2   13
CONECT    2    3   14   15
CONECT    3    4   11   16
CONECT    4    5
CONECT    5    6    7   17
CONECT    6   18
CONECT    7    8    9   19
CONECT    8   20
CONECT    9   10   11   21
CONECT   10   22
CONECT   11   12   23
CONECT   12   24
END
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SMILES for NP0000207 (D-Mannose)

OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O
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INCHI for NP0000207 (D-Mannose)

InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-11H,1H2/t2-,3-,4+,5+,6+/m1/s1
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View in JSmol
Synonyms
ValueSource
alpha-D-ManChEBI
alpha-D-MannopyranoseChEBI
WURCS=2.0/1,1,0/[a1122h-1a_1-5]/1/ChEBI
a-D-ManGenerator
Α-D-manGenerator
a-D-MannopyranoseGenerator
Α-D-mannopyranoseGenerator
a-D-MannoseHMDB
Α-D-mannoseHMDB
(+)-MannoseHMDB
CarubinoseHMDB
D(+)-MannoseHMDB
MannoseHMDB
SeminoseHMDB
alpha-D-MannoseHMDB
alpha-MannoseHMDB
Α-mannoseHMDB
Chemical FormulaC6H12O6
Average Mass180.1559 Da
Monoisotopic Mass180.06339 Da
IUPAC Name(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol
Traditional Nameα-D-mannose
CAS Registry Number3458-28-4
SMILES
OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-11H,1H2/t2-,3-,4+,5+,6?/m1/s1
InChI KeyWQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Predicted Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 252 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 50 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 75 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 101 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 126 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 151 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 176 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 226 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Chemical Shift Submissions
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, simulated)V.dorna832021-08-11View Spectrum
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Abelmoschus esculentusFooDB
Acanthospermum hispidumLOTUS Database
Actinidia chinensisFooDB
Agaricus bisporusFooDB
AgaveFooDB
Allium ampeloprasumFooDB
Allium ascalonicumFooDB
Allium cepaFooDB
Allium cepa L.FooDB
Allium fistulosumFooDB
Allium sativumFooDB
Allium schoenoprasumFooDB
Allium tuberosumFooDB
Aloysia triphyllaFooDB
AmaranthusFooDB
Amelanchier alnifoliaFooDB
Anacardium occidentaleFooDB
Ananas comosusFooDB
Anas platyrhynchosFooDB
AnatidaeFooDB
Anethum graveolensFooDB
Angelica keiskeiFooDB
Annona cherimolaFooDB
Annona muricataFooDB
Annona reticulataFooDB
Annona squamosaFooDB
Anser anserFooDB
Anthriscus cerefoliumFooDB
Apium graveolensFooDB
Apium graveolens var. dulceFooDB
Apium graveolens var. rapaceumFooDB
Apium graveolens var. secalinumFooDB
Arachis hypogaeaFooDB
Arctium lappaFooDB
Armoracia rusticanaFooDB
Artemisia dracunculusFooDB
Artemisia vulgarisFooDB
Artocarpus altilisFooDB
Artocarpus heterophyllusFooDB
Asparagus officinalisFooDB
Attalea speciosaFooDB
Auricularia auricula-judaeFooDB
Auricularia polytrichaFooDB
Avena sativa L.FooDB
Averrhoa carambolaFooDB
Basella albaFooDB
Benincasa hispidaFooDB
Bertholletia excelsaFooDB
Beta vulgarisFooDB
Beta vulgaris ssp. ciclaFooDB
Bison bisonFooDB
Borago officinalisFooDB
Bos taurusFooDB
Bos taurus X Bison bisonFooDB
Brassica alboglabraFooDB
Brassica junceaFooDB
Brassica napusFooDB
Brassica napus var. napusFooDB
Brassica oleraceaFooDB
Brassica oleracea var. botrytisFooDB
Brassica oleracea var. capitataFooDB
Brassica oleracea var. gemmiferaFooDB
Brassica oleracea var. gongylodesFooDB
Brassica oleracea var. italicaFooDB
Brassica oleracea var. sabaudaFooDB
Brassica oleracea var. viridisFooDB
Brassica rapaFooDB
Brassica rapa ssp. chinensisFooDB
Brassica rapa var. pekinensisFooDB
Brassica rapa var. rapaFooDB
Brassica ruvoFooDB
Brosimum alicastrumFooDB
Bubalus bubalisFooDB
Byrsonima crassifoliaFooDB
Cajanus cajanFooDB
Canarium ovatumFooDB
Cannabis sativaLOTUS Database
Cantharellus cibariusFooDB
Capparis spinosaFooDB
Capra aegagrus hircusFooDB
Capsicum annuumFooDB
Capsicum annuum L.FooDB
Capsicum annuum var. annuumFooDB
Capsicum chinenseFooDB
Capsicum pubescensFooDB
Carica papaya L.FooDB
Carissa macrocarpaFooDB
Carthamus tinctoriusFooDB
Carum carviFooDB
CaryaFooDB
Carya illinoinensisFooDB
CastaneaFooDB
Castanea crenataFooDB
Castanea mollissimaFooDB
Castanea sativaFooDB
Ceratonia siliquaFooDB
CervidaeFooDB
Cervus canadensisFooDB
Chamaemelum nobileFooDB
Chamerion angustifoliumFooDB
Chenopodium albumFooDB
Chenopodium quinoaFooDB
Chrysanthemum coronariumFooDB
Cicer arietinumFooDB
Cichorium endiviaFooDB
Cichorium intybusFooDB
CinnamomumFooDB
Cinnamomum aromaticumFooDB
Cinnamomum verumFooDB
CirsiumFooDB
Citrullus lanatusFooDB
Citrus ×limon (L.) Burm. f. (pro sp.)FooDB
Citrus aurantiifoliaFooDB
Citrus latifoliaFooDB
Citrus limonFooDB
Citrus maximaFooDB
Citrus paradisiFooDB
Citrus reticulataFooDB
Citrus X sinensis (L.) Osbeck (pro. sp.)FooDB
Cocos nuciferaFooDB
Coffea arabica L.FooDB
Coffea canephoraFooDB
Colocasia esculentaFooDB
ColumbaFooDB
ColumbidaeFooDB
Corchorus olitoriusFooDB
Coriandrum sativum L.FooDB
CorylusFooDB
Corylus avellanaFooDB
Crateva religiosaFooDB
Crocus sativusFooDB
Cucumis meloFooDB
Cucumis metuliferusFooDB
Cucumis sativus L.FooDB
CucurbitaFooDB
Cucurbita maximaFooDB
Cucurbita moschataFooDB
Cuminum cyminumFooDB
Curcuma longaFooDB
Cydonia oblongaFooDB
Cymbopogon citratusFooDB
Cynara cardunculusFooDB
Cynara scolymusFooDB
Daucus carotaFooDB
Daucus carota ssp. sativusFooDB
Dimocarpus longanFooDB
DioscoreaFooDB
Dioscorea pentaphyllaFooDB
DiospyrosFooDB
Diospyros kakiFooDB
Diospyros virginianaFooDB
Dromaius novaehollandiaeFooDB
Durio zibethinusFooDB
Dysphania ambrosioidesFooDB
ElaeisFooDB
Eleocharis dulcisFooDB
Elettaria cardamomumFooDB
Empetrum nigrumFooDB
Equus caballusFooDB
Eragrostis tefFooDB
Eriobotrya japonicaFooDB
Eruca vesicaria subsp. SativaFooDB
Eugenia javanicaFooDB
Eugenia unifloraFooDB
Eutrema japonicumFooDB
Fagopyrum esculentumFooDB
Fagopyrum tataricumFooDB
FagusFooDB
Feijoa sellowianaFooDB
Ficus caricaFooDB
Flammulina velutipesFooDB
Foeniculum vulgareFooDB
Fragaria x ananassaFooDB
Gallus gallusFooDB
Garcinia mangostanaFooDB
Gaylussacia baccataFooDB
Ginkgo bilobaFooDB
Glycine maxFooDB
GossypiumFooDB
Grifola frondosaFooDB
Hedysarum alpinumFooDB
Helianthus annuus L.FooDB
Helianthus tuberosusFooDB
Hibiscus sabbariffaFooDB
Hippophae rhamnoidesFooDB
Hordeum vulgareFooDB
Hyssopus officinalis L.FooDB
Illicium verumFooDB
Ipomoea aquaticaFooDB
Ipomoea batatasFooDB
JuglansFooDB
Juglans ailanthifoliaFooDB
Juglans cinereaFooDB
Juglans nigra L.FooDB
Juglans regiaFooDB
Lablab purpureusFooDB
Lactuca sativaFooDB
Lagenaria sicerariaFooDB
Lagopus mutaFooDB
Lathyrus sativusFooDB
Laurus nobilis L.FooDB
Lens culinarisFooDB
Lentinus edodesFooDB
Lepidium sativumFooDB
LeporidaeFooDB
Lepus timidusFooDB
Levisticum officinaleFooDB
Linum usitatissimumFooDB
Litchi chinensisFooDB
Lotus corniculatusLOTUS Database
Luffa aegyptiacaFooDB
LupinusFooDB
Lupinus albusFooDB
MacadamiaFooDB
Macadamia tetraphyllaFooDB
Malpighia emarginataFooDB
MalusFooDB
Malus pumilaFooDB
Mammea americanaFooDB
Mangifera indicaFooDB
Manihot esculentaFooDB
Manilkara zapotaFooDB
Maranta arundinaceaFooDB
Matricaria recutitaFooDB
Matteuccia struthiopterisFooDB
Medicago sativaFooDB
Melanitta fuscaFooDB
Meleagris gallopavoFooDB
Melissa officinalis L.FooDB
MenthaFooDB
Mentha aquaticaFooDB
Mentha arvensisFooDB
Mentha spicataFooDB
Mentha x piperitaFooDB
Mespilus germanicaFooDB
Metroxylon saguFooDB
Momordica charantiaFooDB
MorchellaceaeFooDB
Morella rubraFooDB
Morinda officinalisLOTUS Database
Moringa oleiferaFooDB
MorusFooDB
Morus nigraFooDB
Musa acuminataFooDB
Musa x paradisiacaFooDB
MyricaFooDB
Myristica fragransFooDB
NelumboFooDB
Nelumbo nuciferaFooDB
Nephelium lappaceumFooDB
Numida meleagrisFooDB
Nuphar luteaFooDB
Ocimum basilicumFooDB
OdocoileusFooDB
Oenothera biennisFooDB
Olea europaeaFooDB
OpuntiaFooDB
Opuntia cochenilliferaFooDB
Opuntia macrorhizaFooDB
Origanum majoranaFooDB
Origanum onitesFooDB
Origanum vulgareFooDB
Origanum X majoricumFooDB
OryctolagusFooDB
Oryza rufipogonFooDB
Oryza sativaFooDB
Ovis ariesFooDB
Pachyrhizus erosusFooDB
Panax ginsengFooDB
Pangium eduleFooDB
Panicum miliaceumFooDB
Passiflora edulisFooDB
Pastinaca sativaFooDB
Pediomelum esculentumFooDB
Penicillium charlesiiLOTUS Database
Perideridia oreganaFooDB
Persea americanaFooDB
Petasites japonicusFooDB
Petroselinum crispumFooDB
Phaseolus coccineusFooDB
Phaseolus lunatusFooDB
Phaseolus vulgarisFooDB
PhasianidaeFooDB
Phasianus colchicusFooDB
Phoenix dactyliferaFooDB
Photinia melanocarpaFooDB
Phyllostachys edulisFooDB
PhysalisFooDB
Physalis philadelphica var. immaculataFooDB
Phytolacca americanaFooDB
Pimenta dioicaFooDB
Pimpinella anisumFooDB
PinusFooDB
Pinus edulisFooDB
Piper nigrum L.FooDB
Pistacia veraFooDB
Pisum sativumFooDB
Pleurotus ostreatusFooDB
Poa huecuLOTUS Database
Polygonum alpinumFooDB
Portulaca oleraceaFooDB
Pouteria sapotaFooDB
Prunus armeniacaFooDB
Prunus aviumFooDB
Prunus avium L.FooDB
Prunus cerasusFooDB
Prunus domesticaFooDB
Prunus dulcisFooDB
Prunus persicaFooDB
Prunus persica var. nucipersicaFooDB
Prunus persica var. persicaFooDB
Prunus tomentosaFooDB
Prunus virginianaFooDB
Psidium cattleianumFooDB
Psidium guajavaFooDB
Psophocarpus tetragonolobusFooDB
Punica granatumFooDB
Pyrus communisFooDB
Pyrus pyrifoliaFooDB
QuercusFooDB
Raphanus sativusFooDB
Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatusFooDB
Raphanus sativus var. sativusFooDB
Rheum rhabarbarumFooDB
Rhodiola algidaLOTUS Database
Ribes aureumFooDB
Ribes glandulosumFooDB
Ribes nigrumFooDB
Ribes rubrumFooDB
Ribes uva-crispaFooDB
RosaFooDB
Rubus arcticusFooDB
Rubus chamaemorusFooDB
Rubus idaeusFooDB
Rubus occidentalisFooDB
Rubus spectabilisFooDB
RumexFooDB
Rumex acetosaFooDB
Rumex articusFooDB
Sagittaria latifoliaFooDB
Salix pulchraFooDB
Salvia elegansFooDB
Salvia hispanicaFooDB
Salvia officinalisFooDB
Salvia rosmarinusFooDB
Sambucus nigraFooDB
Sambucus nigra L.FooDB
Satureja hortensis L.FooDB
Satureja montanaFooDB
Scorzonera hispanicaFooDB
Secale cerealeFooDB
Sechium eduleFooDB
Sesamum indicumFooDB
Sesbania bispinosaFooDB
Sinapis albaFooDB
SisymbriumFooDB
Solanum lycopersicumFooDB
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiformeFooDB
Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicumFooDB
Solanum melongenaFooDB
Solanum quitoenseFooDB
Solanum tuberosumFooDB
Sorbus aucupariaFooDB
Sorghum bicolorFooDB
Spinacia oleraceaFooDB
Streptomyces hygroscopicusLOTUS Database
Streptomyces sporangiiformansLOTUS Database
Struthio camelusFooDB
Sus scrofaFooDB
Sus scrofa domesticaFooDB
Syzygium aromaticumFooDB
Syzygium cuminiFooDB
Syzygium jambosFooDB
Tamarindus indicaFooDB
Taraxacum officinaleFooDB
Tetragonia tetragonioidesFooDB
ThelespermaFooDB
Theobroma cacaoFooDB
Thymus pulegioidesFooDB
Thymus vulgarisFooDB
Tilia cordataFooDB
Tilia L.FooDB
Tragopogon porrifoliusFooDB
Trigonella foenum-graecumFooDB
TriticumFooDB
Triticum aestivumFooDB
Triticum durumFooDB
Triticum speltaFooDB
Triticum turanicumFooDB
Typha angustifoliaFooDB
VacciniumFooDB
Vaccinium angustifoliumFooDB
Vaccinium angustifolium X Vaccinium corymbosumFooDB
Vaccinium arboreumFooDB
Vaccinium corymbosumFooDB
Vaccinium deliciosumFooDB
Vaccinium elliottiiFooDB
Vaccinium macrocarponFooDB
Vaccinium myrtilloidesFooDB
Vaccinium myrtillusFooDB
Vaccinium ovalifoliumFooDB
Vaccinium ovatumFooDB
Vaccinium oxycoccosFooDB
Vaccinium parvifoliumFooDB
Vaccinium reticulatumFooDB
Vaccinium stamineumFooDB
Vaccinium uliginosumFooDB
Vaccinium vitis-idaeaFooDB
Valerianella locustaFooDB
VanillaFooDB
Verbena officinalisFooDB
Viburnum eduleFooDB
Vicia fabaFooDB
Vigna aconitifoliaFooDB
Vigna angularisFooDB
Vigna mungoFooDB
Vigna radiataFooDB
Vigna umbellataFooDB
Vigna unguiculataFooDB
Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindricaFooDB
Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculataFooDB
Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalisFooDB
VitisFooDB
Vitis aestivalisFooDB
Vitis labruscaFooDB
Vitis rotundifoliaFooDB
Vitis vinifera L.FooDB
Xanthosoma sagittifoliumFooDB
Zea mays L.FooDB
Zingiber officinaleFooDB
ZizaniaFooDB
Zizania aquaticaFooDB
Ziziphus zizyphusFooDB
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hexoses. These are monosaccharides in which the sugar unit is a is a six-carbon containing moeity.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct ParentHexoses
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Hexose monosaccharide
  • Oxane
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Hemiacetal
  • Oxacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Polyol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary alcohol
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point132 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility713 mg/mL at 17 °CNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility782 g/LALOGPS
logP-2.6ALOGPS
logP-2.9ChemAxon
logS0.64ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)11.3ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count6ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count5ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area110.38 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity35.92 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability16.13 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
HMDB IDHMDB0000169
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB001202
KNApSAcK IDC00001126
Chemspider ID161434
KEGG Compound IDC00936
BioCyc IDMANNOSE
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkMannose
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound185698
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID28729
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
General References
  1. Wu X, Rush JS, Karaoglu D, Krasnewich D, Lubinsky MS, Waechter CJ, Gilmore R, Freeze HH: Deficiency of UDP-GlcNAc:Dolichol Phosphate N-Acetylglucosamine-1 Phosphate Transferase (DPAGT1) causes a novel congenital disorder of Glycosylation Type Ij. Hum Mutat. 2003 Aug;22(2):144-50. [PubMed:12872255 ]
  2. Thio CL, Mosbruger T, Astemborski J, Greer S, Kirk GD, O'Brien SJ, Thomas DL: Mannose binding lectin genotypes influence recovery from hepatitis B virus infection. J Virol. 2005 Jul;79(14):9192-6. [PubMed:15994813 ]
  3. Sreekumar A, Poisson LM, Rajendiran TM, Khan AP, Cao Q, Yu J, Laxman B, Mehra R, Lonigro RJ, Li Y, Nyati MK, Ahsan A, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Cao X, Byun J, Omenn GS, Ghosh D, Pennathur S, Alexander DC, Berger A, Shuster JR, Wei JT, Varambally S, Beecher C, Chinnaiyan AM: Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression. Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07762. [PubMed:19212411 ]
  4. Lee SH, Nam SY, Chung BC: Altered profile of endogenous steroids in the urine of patients with prolactinoma. Clin Biochem. 1998 Oct;31(7):529-35. [PubMed:9812172 ]
  5. Shoemaker JD, Elliott WH: Automated screening of urine samples for carbohydrates, organic and amino acids after treatment with urease. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jan 2;562(1-2):125-38. [PubMed:2026685 ]
  6. Alton G, Hasilik M, Niehues R, Panneerselvam K, Etchison JR, Fana F, Freeze HH: Direct utilization of mannose for mammalian glycoprotein biosynthesis. Glycobiology. 1998 Mar;8(3):285-95. [PubMed:9451038 ]
  7. Nakagawa F, Schulte BA, Spicer SS: Lectin cytochemical evaluation of somatosensory neurons and their peripheral and central processes in rat and man. Cell Tissue Res. 1986;245(3):579-89. [PubMed:3757018 ]
  8. Otter M, Zockova P, Kuiper J, van Berkel TJ, Barrett-Bergshoeff MM, Rijken DC: Isolation and characterization of the mannose receptor from human liver potentially involved in the plasma clearance of tissue-type plasminogen activator. Hepatology. 1992 Jul;16(1):54-9. [PubMed:1618483 ]
  9. Hu P, Parenti G, Keulemans J, Hoogeveen AT: Lysosomal tartrate sensitive acid phosphatase deficiency in cells which contain lysosomal "high uptake forms". Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Mar 16;167(2):520-7. [PubMed:2322240 ]
  10. Hermentin P, Witzel R, Kanzy EJ, Diderrich G, Hoffmann D, Metzner H, Vorlop J, Haupt H: The hypothetical N-glycan charge: a number that characterizes protein glycosylation. Glycobiology. 1996 Mar;6(2):217-30. [PubMed:8727793 ]
  11. DeRossi C, Bode L, Eklund EA, Zhang F, Davis JA, Westphal V, Wang L, Borowsky AD, Freeze HH: Ablation of mouse phosphomannose isomerase (Mpi) causes mannose 6-phosphate accumulation, toxicity, and embryonic lethality. J Biol Chem. 2006 Mar 3;281(9):5916-27. Epub 2005 Dec 8. [PubMed:16339137 ]
  12. Miras MT, Aunis D, Mandel P: Studies on the interaction of dopamine beta-hydroxylase from various sources with phytohaemagglutinins. Clin Chim Acta. 1975 Nov 3;64(3):293-302. [PubMed:1183043 ]
  13. Van der Ploeg AT, Kroos MA, Willemsen R, Brons NH, Reuser AJ: Intravenous administration of phosphorylated acid alpha-glucosidase leads to uptake of enzyme in heart and skeletal muscle of mice. J Clin Invest. 1991 Feb;87(2):513-8. [PubMed:1991835 ]
  14. Cavallone D, Malagolini N, Monti A, Wu XR, Serafini-Cessi F: Variation of high mannose chains of Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein confers differential binding to type 1-fimbriated Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jan 2;279(1):216-22. Epub 2003 Oct 21. [PubMed:14570881 ]
  15. Adlerberth I, Ahrne S, Johansson ML, Molin G, Hanson LA, Wold AE: A mannose-specific adherence mechanism in Lactobacillus plantarum conferring binding to the human colonic cell line HT-29. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1996 Jul;62(7):2244-51. [PubMed:8779562 ]
  16. Hung CS, Bouckaert J, Hung D, Pinkner J, Widberg C, DeFusco A, Auguste CG, Strouse R, Langermann S, Waksman G, Hultgren SJ: Structural basis of tropism of Escherichia coli to the bladder during urinary tract infection. Mol Microbiol. 2002 May;44(4):903-15. [PubMed:12010488 ]
  17. Condaminet B, Peguet-Navarro J, Stahl PD, Dalbiez-Gauthier C, Schmitt D, Berthier-Vergnes O: Human epidermal Langerhans cells express the mannose-fucose binding receptor. Eur J Immunol. 1998 Nov;28(11):3541-51. [PubMed:9842897 ]
  18. Go S, Sato C, Furuhata K, Kitajima K: Oral ingestion of mannose alters the expression level of deaminoneuraminic acid (KDN) in mouse organs. Glycoconj J. 2006 Jul;23(5-6):411-21. [PubMed:16897182 ]
  19. Burk MR, Troeger C, Brinkhaus R, Holzgreve W, Hahn S: Severely reduced presence of tissue macrophages in the basal plate of pre-eclamptic placentae. Placenta. 2001 Apr;22(4):309-16. [PubMed:11286566 ]
  20. Sarkar K, Das PK: Protective effect of neoglycoprotein-conjugated muramyl dipeptide against Leishmania donovani infection: the role of cytokines. J Immunol. 1997 Jun 1;158(11):5357-65. [PubMed:9164956 ]
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