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Record Information
Version1.0
Created at2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Updated at2020-11-24 22:13:37 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0000200
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common NameDeoxyadenosine triphosphate
DescriptionDeoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) is a purine nucleoside triphosphate used in cells for DNA synthesis. A nucleoside triphosphate is a molecule type that contains a nucleoside with three phosphates bound to it. DATP contains the sugar deoxyribose, a precursor to DNA synthesis whereby the two existing phosphate groups are cleaved with the remaining deoxyadenosine monophosphate being incorporated into DNA during replication. Due to its enzymatic incorporation into DNA, photoreactive dATP analogs such as N6-[4-azidobenzoyl–(2-aminoethyl)]-2′-deoxyadenosine-5′-triphosphate (AB-dATP) and N6-[4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-diazirin-3-yl]benzoyl-(2-aminoethyl)]-2′-deoxyadenosine-5′-triphosphate (DB-dATP) have been used for DNA photoaffinity labeling. When present in sufficiently high levels, dATP can act as an immunotoxin and a metabotoxin. An immunotoxin disrupts, limits the function, or destroys immune cells. A metabotoxin is an endogenous metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of deoxyadenosine triphosphate are associated with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency, an inborn error of metabolism. ADA deficiency damages the immune system and causes severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). People with SCID lack virtually all immune protection from bacteria, viruses, and fungi. They are prone to repeated and persistent infections that can be very serious or life-threatening. These infections are often caused by "opportunistic" organisms that ordinarily do not cause illness in people with a normal immune system. The main symptoms of ADA deficiency are pneumonia, chronic diarrhea, and widespread skin rashes. The mechanism by which dATP functions as an immunotoxin is as follows: A buildup of dATP in cells inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and prevents DNA synthesis, so cells are unable to divide. Since developing T cells and B cells are some of the most mitotically active cells, they are unable to divide and propagate to respond to immune challenges.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
2'-Deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphateChEBI
Deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphateChEBI
2'-Deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphoric acidGenerator
Deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphoric acidGenerator
Deoxyadenosine triphosphoric acidGenerator
2'-Deoxy-5'-ATPHMDB
2'-Deoxy-ATPHMDB
2'-Deoxyadenosine triphosphateHMDB
dATPHMDB
Deoxy-ATPHMDB
Deoxyadenosine-triphosphateHMDB
2'-Deoxyadenosine triphosphate, 14C-labeledHMDB
2'-Deoxyadenosine triphosphate, monomagnesium saltHMDB
2'-Deoxyadenosine triphosphate, trisodium saltHMDB
2'-Deoxyadenosine triphosphate, p'-(32)p-labeledHMDB
dATP CPDHMDB
Chemical FormulaC10H16N5O12P3
Average Mass491.1816 Da
Monoisotopic Mass491.00083 Da
IUPAC Name({[({[(2R,3S,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)phosphonic acid
Traditional NamedATP
CAS Registry Number1927-31-7
SMILES
NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2[C@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)O1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C10H16N5O12P3/c11-9-8-10(13-3-12-9)15(4-14-8)7-1-5(16)6(25-7)2-24-29(20,21)27-30(22,23)26-28(17,18)19/h3-7,16H,1-2H2,(H,20,21)(H,22,23)(H2,11,12,13)(H2,17,18,19)/t5-,6+,7+/m0/s1
InChI KeySUYVUBYJARFZHO-RRKCRQDMSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Predicted Spectra
Not Available
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Anas platyrhynchosFooDB
AnatidaeFooDB
Anser anserFooDB
Bison bisonFooDB
Bos taurusFooDB
Bos taurus X Bison bisonFooDB
Bubalus bubalisFooDB
Capra aegagrus hircusFooDB
CervidaeFooDB
Cervus canadensisFooDB
ColumbaFooDB
ColumbidaeFooDB
Dromaius novaehollandiaeFooDB
Equus caballusFooDB
Gallus gallusFooDB
Lagopus mutaFooDB
LeporidaeFooDB
Lepus timidusFooDB
Melanitta fuscaFooDB
Meleagris gallopavoFooDB
Mus musculusLOTUS Database
Numida meleagrisFooDB
OdocoileusFooDB
OryctolagusFooDB
Ovis ariesFooDB
PhasianidaeFooDB
Phasianus colchicusFooDB
Struthio camelusFooDB
Sus scrofaFooDB
Sus scrofa domesticaFooDB
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates. These are purine nucleotides with triphosphate group linked to the ribose moiety lacking a hydroxyl group at position 2.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassNucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues
ClassPurine nucleotides
Sub ClassPurine deoxyribonucleotides
Direct ParentPurine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate
  • 6-aminopurine
  • Imidazopyrimidine
  • Purine
  • Aminopyrimidine
  • Monoalkyl phosphate
  • N-substituted imidazole
  • Organic phosphoric acid derivative
  • Phosphoric acid ester
  • Pyrimidine
  • Imidolactam
  • Alkyl phosphate
  • Azole
  • Imidazole
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Tetrahydrofuran
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Azacycle
  • Oxacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Primary amine
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Amine
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility3.83 g/LALOGPS
logP-0.66ALOGPS
logP-4.9ChemAxon
logS-2.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)0.9ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)4.03ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count13ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count6ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area258.9 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count8ChemAxon
Refractivity94.3 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability38.06 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityNoChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
HMDB IDHMDB0001532
DrugBank IDDB03222
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB022674
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID15194
KEGG Compound IDC00131
BioCyc IDDATP
BiGG ID33969
Wikipedia LinkDeoxyadenosine triphosphate
METLIN ID6303
PubChem Compound15993
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID16284
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
General References
  1. Nespoli L, Porta F, Locatelli F, Aversa F, Carotti A, Lanfranchi A, Gibardi A, Marchesi ME, Abate L, Martelli MF, et al.: Successful lectin-separated bone marrow transplantation in adenosine deaminase deficiency-related severe immunodeficiency. Haematologica. 1990 Nov-Dec;75(6):546-50. [PubMed:2098297 ]
  2. Hoffbrand AV, Ganeshaguru K, Hooton JW, Tattersall MH: Effect of iron deficiency and desferrioxamine on DNA synthesis in human cells. Br J Haematol. 1976 Aug;33(4):517-26. [PubMed:1009024 ]
  3. Waddell D, Ullman B: Characterization of a cultured human T-cell line with genetically altered ribonucleotide reductase activity. Model for immunodeficiency. J Biol Chem. 1983 Apr 10;258(7):4226-31. [PubMed:6339493 ]
  4. Bory C, Boulieu R, Souillet G, Chantin C, Guibaud P, Hershfield MS: Effect of polyethylene glycol-modified adenosine deaminase (PEG-ADA) therapy in two ADA-deficient children: measurement of erythrocyte deoxyadenosine triphosphate as a useful tool. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1991;309A:173-6. [PubMed:1789201 ]
  5. Dang-Vu AP, Olsen EA, Vollmer RT, Greenberg ML, Hershfield MS: Treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma with 2'-deoxycoformycin (pentostatin). J Am Acad Dermatol. 1988 Oct;19(4):692-8. [PubMed:3263401 ]
  6. Donofrio J, Coleman MS, Hutton JJ, Daoud A, Lampkin B, Dyminski J: Overproduction of adenine deoxynucleosides and deoxynucletides in adenosine deaminase deficiency with severe combined immunodeficiency disease. J Clin Invest. 1978 Oct;62(4):884-7. [PubMed:308954 ]
  7. Cowan MJ, Shannon KM, Wara DW, Ammann AJ: Rejection of bone marrow transplant and resistance of alloantigen reactive cells to in vivo deoxyadenosine in adenosine deaminase deficiency. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1988 Nov;49(2):242-50. [PubMed:2971490 ]
  8. Grever MR, Siaw MF, Jacob WF, Neidhart JA, Miser JS, Coleman MS, Hutton JJ, Balcerzak SP: The biochemical and clinical consequences of 2'-deoxycoformycin in refractory lymphoproliferative malignancy. Blood. 1981 Mar;57(3):406-17. [PubMed:6970050 ]
  9. Simmonds HA, Fairbanks LD, Morris GS, Webster DR, Harley EH: Altered erythrocyte nucleotide patterns are characteristic of inherited disorders of purine or pyrimidine metabolism. Clin Chim Acta. 1988 Feb 15;171(2-3):197-210. [PubMed:3370820 ]
  10. Hirschhorn R, Roegner V, Rubinstein A, Papageorgiou P: Plasma deoxyadenosine, adenosine, and erythrocyte deoxyATP are elevated at birth in an adenosine deaminase-deficient child. J Clin Invest. 1980 Mar;65(3):768-71. [PubMed:6965496 ]
  11. Schmalstieg FC, Mills GC, Tsuda H, Goldman AS: Severe combined immunodeficiency in a child with a healthy adenosine deaminase deficient mother. Pediatr Res. 1983 Dec;17(12):935-40. [PubMed:6606796 ]
  12. Simmonds HA, Webster DR, Perrett D, Reiter S, Levinsky RJ: Formation and degradation of deoxyadenosine nucleotides in inherited adenosine deaminase deficiency. Biosci Rep. 1982 May;2(5):303-14. [PubMed:6980023 ]
  13. Simmonds HA, Sahota A, Potter CF, Perrett D, Hugh-Jones K, Watson JG: Purine metabolism in adenosine deaminase deficiency. Ciba Found Symp. 1978;(68):255-62. [PubMed:387357 ]
  14. Hirschhorn R, Roegner-Maniscalco V, Kuritsky L, Rosen FS: Bone marrow transplantation only partially restores purine metabolites to normal in adenosine deaminase-deficient patients. J Clin Invest. 1981 Dec;68(6):1387-93. [PubMed:7033281 ]
  15. Goday A, Simmonds HA, Webster DR, Levinsky RJ, Watson AR, Hoffbrand AV: Importance of platelet-free preparations for evaluating lymphocyte nucleotide levels in inherited or acquired immunodeficiency syndromes. Clin Sci (Lond). 1983 Dec;65(6):635-43. [PubMed:6414755 ]
  16. Chen SH, Ochs HD, Scott CR, Giblett ER, Tingle AJ: Adenosine deaminase deficiency: disappearance of adenine deoxynucleotides from a patient's erythrocytes after successful marrow transplantation. J Clin Invest. 1978 Dec;62(6):1386-9. [PubMed:372236 ]
  17. Gruber HE, Cohen AH, Firestein GS, Redelman D, Bluestein HG: Deoxy-ATP accumulation in adenosine deaminase-inhibited human B and T lymphocytes. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1986;195 Pt A:503-7. [PubMed:3487921 ]
  18. Bory C, Boulieu R, Souillet G, Chantin C, Rolland MO, Mathieu M, Hershfield M: Comparison of red cell transfusion and polyethylene glycol-modified adenosine deaminase therapy in an adenosine deaminase-deficient child: measurement of erythrocyte deoxyadenosine triphosphate as a useful tool. Pediatr Res. 1990 Aug;28(2):127-30. [PubMed:2395602 ]
  19. Peters GJ, De Abreu RA, Oosterhof A, Veerkamp JH: Concentration of nucleotides and deoxynucleotides in peripheral and phytohemagglutinin-stimulated mammalian lymphocytes. Effects of adenosine and deoxyadenosine. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1983 Aug 23;759(1-2):7-15. [PubMed:6603870 ]
  20. Morgan G, Levinsky RJ, Hugh-Jones K, Fairbanks LD, Morris GS, Simmonds HA: Heterogeneity of biochemical, clinical and immunological parameters in severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency. Clin Exp Immunol. 1987 Dec;70(3):491-9. [PubMed:3436096 ]
  21. Zofall M, Bartholomew B: Two novel dATP analogs for DNA photoaffinity labeling. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Nov 1;28(21):4382-90. [PubMed:11058139 ]