Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Created at | 2006-05-22 14:17:51 UTC |
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Updated at | 2021-08-19 20:22:35 UTC |
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NP-MRD ID | NP0000151 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Natural Product Identification |
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Common Name | N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid |
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Description | N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid is an amino acid derivative acting as a specific agonist at the NMDA receptor, and therefore mimics the action of the neurotransmitter glutamate on that receptor. In contrast to glutamate, NMDA binds to and regulates the above receptor only, but not other glutamate receptors. NMDA is a water-soluble endogenous metabolite that plays an important role in the neuroendocrine system of species across Animalia (PMID: 18096065 ). It was first synthesized in the 1960s (PMID: 14056452 ). NMDA is an excitotoxin; this trait has applications in behavioural neuroscience research. The body of work utilizing this technique falls under the term "lesion studies." Researchers apply NMDA to specific regions of an (animal) subject's brain or spinal cord and subsequently test for the behaviour of interest, such as operant behaviour. If the behaviour is compromised, it suggests that the destroyed tissue was part of a brain region that made an important contribution to the normal expression of that behaviour. Examples of antagonists of the NMDA receptor are ketamine, amantadine, dextromethorphan (DXM), riluzole, and memantine. They are commonly referred to as NMDA receptor antagonists (PMID: 28877137 ). |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C5H9NO4/c1-6-3(5(9)10)2-4(7)8/h3,6H,2H2,1H3,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/t3-/m1/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(R)-2-Methylamino-succinic acid | ChEBI | 2-Methylamino-succinic acid | ChEBI | Methyl aspartic acid | ChEBI | N-Methyl aspartic acid | ChEBI | N-Methyl-D-aspartate | ChEBI | N-Methylaspartate | ChEBI | NMDA | ChEBI | (R)-2-Methylamino-succinate | Generator | 2-Methylamino-succinate | Generator | Methyl aspartate | Generator | N-Methyl aspartate | Generator | N-Methylaspartic acid | Generator | N-Me-D-asp-OH | HMDB | N-Methyl D-aspartate | HMDB | N-Methyl D-aspartic acid | HMDB | N Methyl D aspartate | HMDB | N Methyl D aspartic acid | HMDB | Acid, N-methyl-D-aspartic | HMDB | N Methylaspartate | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C5H9NO4 |
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Average Mass | 147.1293 Da |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 147.05316 Da |
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IUPAC Name | (2R)-2-(methylamino)butanedioic acid |
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Traditional Name | N methyl D aspartate |
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CAS Registry Number | 6384-92-5 |
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SMILES | CN[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C5H9NO4/c1-6-3(5(9)10)2-4(7)8/h3,6H,2H2,1H3,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/t3-/m1/s1 |
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InChI Key | HOKKHZGPKSLGJE-GSVOUGTGSA-N |
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Experimental Spectra |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, simulated) | V.dorna83 | | | 2021-08-29 | View Spectrum | 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | Wishart Lab | Wishart Lab | David Wishart | 2021-06-20 | View Spectrum |
| Predicted Spectra |
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| Not Available | Chemical Shift Submissions |
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| Spectrum Type | Description | Depositor Email | Depositor Organization | Depositor | Deposition Date | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, simulated) | varshavi.d26@gmail.com | Not Available | Not Available | 2021-07-25 | View Spectrum |
| Species |
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Species of Origin | |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as aspartic acid and derivatives. Aspartic acid and derivatives are compounds containing an aspartic acid or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of aspartic acid at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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Class | Carboxylic acids and derivatives |
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Sub Class | Amino acids, peptides, and analogues |
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Direct Parent | Aspartic acid and derivatives |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Aspartic acid or derivatives
- Alpha-amino acid
- D-alpha-amino acid
- Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Fatty acid
- Amino acid
- Carboxylic acid
- Secondary aliphatic amine
- Secondary amine
- Amine
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | |
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Predicted Properties | |
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General References | - Baskys A, Fang L, Bayazitov I: Activation of neuroprotective pathways by metabotropic group I glutamate receptors: a potential target for drug discovery? Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005 Aug;1053:55-73. [PubMed:16179509 ]
- Hitchcock IS, Skerry TM, Howard MR, Genever PG: NMDA receptor-mediated regulation of human megakaryocytopoiesis. Blood. 2003 Aug 15;102(4):1254-9. Epub 2003 Mar 20. [PubMed:12649130 ]
- Miller RF: D-Serine as a glial modulator of nerve cells. Glia. 2004 Aug 15;47(3):275-83. [PubMed:15252817 ]
- Sanelli TR, Sopper MM, Strong MJ: Sequestration of nNOS in neurofilamentous aggregate bearing neurons in vitro leads to enhanced NMDA-mediated calcium influx. Brain Res. 2004 Apr 9;1004(1-2):8-17. [PubMed:15033415 ]
- Weyermann J, Lochmann D, Georgens C, Zimmer A: Albumin-protamine-oligonucleotide-nanoparticles as a new antisense delivery system. Part 2: cellular uptake and effect. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2005 Apr;59(3):431-8. [PubMed:15760723 ]
- Baskys A, Blaabjerg M: Understanding regulation of nerve cell death by mGluRs as a method for development of successful neuroprotective strategies. J Neurol Sci. 2005 Mar 15;229-230:201-9. Epub 2004 Dec 15. [PubMed:15760640 ]
- Hardingham GE, Bading H: The Yin and Yang of NMDA receptor signalling. Trends Neurosci. 2003 Feb;26(2):81-9. [PubMed:12536131 ]
- Lareo LR, Corredor C: Ionotropic glutamate receptor activated by N-methyl-D-aspartate: a key molecule of conscious life. Med Hypotheses. 2004;63(2):245-9. [PubMed:15236783 ]
- Fonnum F, Lock EA: The contributions of excitotoxicity, glutathione depletion and DNA repair in chemically induced injury to neurones: exemplified with toxic effects on cerebellar granule cells. J Neurochem. 2004 Feb;88(3):513-31. [PubMed:14720201 ]
- Wang GS, Hong CJ, Yen TY, Huang HY, Ou Y, Huang TN, Jung WG, Kuo TY, Sheng M, Wang TF, Hsueh YP: Transcriptional modification by a CASK-interacting nucleosome assembly protein. Neuron. 2004 Apr 8;42(1):113-28. [PubMed:15066269 ]
- Liu D, Cheng T, Guo H, Fernandez JA, Griffin JH, Song X, Zlokovic BV: Tissue plasminogen activator neurovascular toxicity is controlled by activated protein C. Nat Med. 2004 Dec;10(12):1379-83. Epub 2004 Oct 31. [PubMed:15516929 ]
- Eugenin EA, D'Aversa TG, Lopez L, Calderon TM, Berman JW: MCP-1 (CCL2) protects human neurons and astrocytes from NMDA or HIV-tat-induced apoptosis. J Neurochem. 2003 Jun;85(5):1299-311. [PubMed:12753088 ]
- Okuda H, Ogita K: [Protective effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate against neuronal damages]. Nihon Shinkei Seishin Yakurigaku Zasshi. 2002 Oct;22(5):153-8. [PubMed:12451685 ]
- Andre VM, Flores-Hernandez J, Cepeda C, Starling AJ, Nguyen S, Lobo MK, Vinters HV, Levine MS, Mathern GW: NMDA receptor alterations in neurons from pediatric cortical dysplasia tissue. Cereb Cortex. 2004 Jun;14(6):634-46. Epub 2004 Mar 28. [PubMed:15054078 ]
- Reyes O, Sosa I, Kuffler DP: Neuroprotection of adult human neurons against ischemia by hypothermia and alkalinization. P R Health Sci J. 2006 Mar;25(1):43-50. [PubMed:16883678 ]
- Boehning D, Snyder SH: Novel neural modulators. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2003;26:105-31. [PubMed:14527267 ]
- Tuneva EO, Bychkova ON, Boldyrev AA: Effect of NMDA on production of reactive oxygen species by human lymphocytes. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2003 Aug;136(2):159-61. [PubMed:14631498 ]
- D'Aniello S, Fisher GH, Topo E, Ferrandino G, Garcia-Fernandez J, D'Aniello A: N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) in the nervous system of the amphioxus Branchiostoma lanceolatum. BMC Neurosci. 2007 Dec 20;8:109. doi: 10.1186/1471-2202-8-109. [PubMed:18096065 ]
- Aiyer R, Mehta N, Gungor S, Gulati A: A Systematic Review of NMDA Receptor Antagonists for Treatment of Neuropathic Pain in Clinical Practice. Clin J Pain. 2018 May;34(5):450-467. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000547. [PubMed:28877137 ]
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