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Showing NP-Card for Aminoadipic acid (NP0000144)

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Record Information
Version2.0
Created at2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Updated at2020-11-24 22:13:11 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0000144
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common NameAminoadipic acid
DescriptionAminoadipic acid (2-aminoadipate) is a metabolite in the principal biochemical pathway of lysine. It is an intermediate in the metabolism (i.E. Breakdown or degradation) of lysine and saccharopine. It antagonizes neuroexcitatory activity modulated by the glutamate receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). Aminoadipic acid has also been shown to inhibit the production of kynurenic acid, a broad spectrum excitatory amino acid receptor antagonist, in brain tissue slices (PMID: 8566117 ). Recent studies have shown that aminoadipic acid is elevated in prostate biopsy tissues from prostate cancer patients (PMID: 23737455 ). Mutations in DHTKD1 (dehydrogenase E1 and transketolase domain-containing protein 1) have been shown to cause human 2-aminoadipic aciduria and 2-oxoadipic aciduria via impaired decarboxylation of 2-oxoadipate to glutaryl-CoA, which is the last step in the lysine degradation pathway (PMID: 23141293 ). Aging, diabetes, sepsis, and renal failure are known to catalyze the oxidation of lysyl residues to form 2-aminoadipic acid in human skin collagen and potentially other tissues (PMID: 18448817 ). Proteolytic breakdown of these tissues can lead to the release of free 2-aminoadipic acid. Studies in rats indicate that aminoadipic acid (along with the three branched-chain amino acids - leucine, valine, and isoleucine) levels are elevated in the pre-diabetic phase and so aminoadipic acid may serve as a predictive biomarker for the development of diabetes (PMID: 15389298 ). Long-term hyperglycemia of endothelial cells can also lead to elevated levels of aminoadipate which is thought to be a sign of lysine breakdown through oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) (PMID: 21961526 ). 2-Aminoadipate is a potential small-molecule marker of oxidative stress (PMID: 21647514 ). Therefore, depending on the circumstances aminoadipic acid can act as an acidogen, a diabetogen, an atherogen and a metabotoxin. An acidogen is an acidic compound that induces acidosis, which has multiple adverse effects on many organ systems. A diabetogen is a compound that can lead to type 2 diabetes. An atherogen is a compound that leads to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. A metabotoxin is an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of aminoadipic acid are associated with at least two inborn errors of metabolism including, 2-aminoadipic aciduria and 2-oxoadipic aciduria. Aminoadipic acid is an organic acid and abnormally high levels of organic acids in the blood (organic acidemia), urine (organic aciduria), the brain, and other tissues lead to general metabolic acidosis. Acidosis typically occurs when arterial pH falls below 7.35. In infants with acidosis, the initial symptoms include poor feeding, vomiting, loss of appetite, weak muscle tone (hypotonia), and lack of energy (lethargy). These can progress to heart abnormalities, kidney abnormalities, liver damage, seizures, coma, and possibly death. These are also the characteristic symptoms of the untreated IEMs mentioned above. Many affected children with organic acidemias experience intellectual disability or delayed development. In adults, acidosis or acidemia is characterized by headaches, confusion, feeling tired, tremors, sleepiness, and seizures. As a diabetogen, serum aminoadipic levels appear to regulate glucose homeostasis and have been highly predictive of individuals who later develop diabetes (PMID: 24091325 ). In particular, aminoadipic acid lowers fasting plasma glucose levels and enhances insulin secretion from human islets. As an atherogen, aminoadipic acid has been found to be produced at high levels via protein lysine oxidation in atherosclerotic plaques (PMID: 28069522 ).
Structure
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MOL3D MOLSDF3D SDFPDB3D PDBSMILESInChI

MOL for NP0000144 (Aminoadipic acid)


     RDKit          2D

 22 21  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
    2.0573    1.9939    0.0000 N   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.3146    0.5162    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.8368    0.2588    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.6409    0.0015    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.1187   -0.2559    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.5964   -0.5132    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.1124   -1.9217    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.5582    0.6379    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.5719   -0.9616    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.5467   -2.0565    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.9804   -1.4776    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7222    2.6778    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.2084    2.9557    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.7924    0.7735    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.4013    1.6942    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.9121   -1.2393    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.8983    1.4792    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3836   -1.4763    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.8613   -1.7336    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3760    1.2219    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.0359    0.3805    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.2377   -2.9554    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  3  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  6  8  1  0
  2  9  1  0
  9 10  2  0
  9 11  1  0
  1 12  1  0
  1 13  1  0
  2 14  1  1
  3 15  1  1
  3 16  1  0
  4 17  1  6
  4 18  1  0
  5 19  1  6
  5 20  1  0
  8 21  1  0
 11 22  1  0
M  END
Download

3D MOL for NP0000144 (Aminoadipic acid)

HMDB0000510
     RDKit          3D
Aminoadipic acid
 22 21  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -1.9223    1.3023   -0.0400 N   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.5601    0.0254   -0.6600 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.2580   -0.4394    0.0101 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7537    0.6319   -0.2599 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1083    0.3953    0.3025 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.8023   -0.8049   -0.1776 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.2649   -1.5447   -1.0247 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.0552   -1.1349    0.2969 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.6486   -0.9418   -0.4803 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.5146   -2.0989   -0.9467 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.8233   -0.6376    0.1828 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4790    2.1002   -0.5542 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.9609    1.3914   -0.1080 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.3285    0.2524   -1.7204 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.4545   -0.5633    1.1035 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0565   -1.4135   -0.3728 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7525    0.8370   -1.3467 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.3535    1.5721    0.2166 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.0591    0.4305    1.4101 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.7272    1.2997    0.0228 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.9000   -0.6112    0.0877 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.8834   -0.0483    1.0041 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  3  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  6  8  1  0
  2  9  1  0
  9 10  2  0
  9 11  1  0
  1 12  1  0
  1 13  1  0
  2 14  1  6
  3 15  1  0
  3 16  1  0
  4 17  1  0
  4 18  1  0
  5 19  1  0
  5 20  1  0
  8 21  1  0
 11 22  1  0
M  END
Download

3D SDF for NP0000144 (Aminoadipic acid)


     RDKit          2D

 22 21  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
    2.0573    1.9939    0.0000 N   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.3146    0.5162    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.8368    0.2588    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.6409    0.0015    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.1187   -0.2559    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.5964   -0.5132    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.1124   -1.9217    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.5582    0.6379    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.5719   -0.9616    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.5467   -2.0565    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.9804   -1.4776    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7222    2.6778    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.2084    2.9557    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.7924    0.7735    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.4013    1.6942    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.9121   -1.2393    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.8983    1.4792    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.3836   -1.4763    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.8613   -1.7336    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3760    1.2219    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.0359    0.3805    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.2377   -2.9554    0.0000 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  3  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  6  8  1  0
  2  9  1  0
  9 10  2  0
  9 11  1  0
  1 12  1  0
  1 13  1  0
  2 14  1  1
  3 15  1  1
  3 16  1  0
  4 17  1  6
  4 18  1  0
  5 19  1  6
  5 20  1  0
  8 21  1  0
 11 22  1  0
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
NP0000144

> <DATABASE_NAME>
NP-MRD

> <SMILES>
N[C@@H](CCCC(O)=O)C(O)=O

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C6H11NO4/c7-4(6(10)11)2-1-3-5(8)9/h4H,1-3,7H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11)/t4-/m0/s1

> <INCHI_KEY>
OYIFNHCXNCRBQI-BYPYZUCNSA-N

> <FORMULA>
C6H11NO4

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
161.1558

> <EXACT_MASS>
161.068807845

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
5

> <JCHEM_ATOM_COUNT>
22

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
15.528857992657501

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
1

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
3

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
0

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
(2S)-2-aminohexanedioic acid

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
-3.43

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
-2.799617140954382

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
-0.69

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
0

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
0

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
-1

> <JCHEM_PKA>
4.417593887349678

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_ACIDIC>
2.014430671538277

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC>
9.52703004922271

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
100.62

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
35.8887

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
5

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
1

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
3.27e+01 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
aminoadipate

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
0

$$$$
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3D-SDF for NP0000144 (Aminoadipic acid)

HMDB0000510
     RDKit          3D
Aminoadipic acid
 22 21  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -1.9223    1.3023   -0.0400 N   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.5601    0.0254   -0.6600 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.2580   -0.4394    0.0101 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7537    0.6319   -0.2599 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1083    0.3953    0.3025 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.8023   -0.8049   -0.1776 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.2649   -1.5447   -1.0247 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.0552   -1.1349    0.2969 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.6486   -0.9418   -0.4803 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.5146   -2.0989   -0.9467 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.8233   -0.6376    0.1828 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4790    2.1002   -0.5542 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.9609    1.3914   -0.1080 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.3285    0.2524   -1.7204 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.4545   -0.5633    1.1035 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0565   -1.4135   -0.3728 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7525    0.8370   -1.3467 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.3535    1.5721    0.2166 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.0591    0.4305    1.4101 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.7272    1.2997    0.0228 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.9000   -0.6112    0.0877 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.8834   -0.0483    1.0041 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  3  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  6  8  1  0
  2  9  1  0
  9 10  2  0
  9 11  1  0
  1 12  1  0
  1 13  1  0
  2 14  1  6
  3 15  1  0
  3 16  1  0
  4 17  1  0
  4 18  1  0
  5 19  1  0
  5 20  1  0
  8 21  1  0
 11 22  1  0
M  END
Download

PDB for NP0000144 (Aminoadipic acid)

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 22-APR-20   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    NULL                                                        
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   22-APR-20         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0      -3.334   0.385   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  C   UNK     0      -2.001  -0.385   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    3  C   UNK     0      -0.667   0.385   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    4  C   UNK     0       0.667  -0.385   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    5  C   UNK     0       2.001   0.385   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    6  C   UNK     0       3.334  -0.385   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    7  O   UNK     0      -3.334   1.925   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    8  O   UNK     0      -4.668  -0.385   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    9  O   UNK     0       3.334  -1.925   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   10  O   UNK     0       4.668   0.385   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   11  N   UNK     0      -2.001  -1.925   0.000  0.00  0.00           N+0
CONECT    1    2    7    8                                                  
CONECT    2    1    3   11                                                  
CONECT    3    2    4                                                       
CONECT    4    3    5                                                       
CONECT    5    4    6                                                       
CONECT    6    5    9   10                                                  
CONECT    7    1                                                            
CONECT    8    1                                                            
CONECT    9    6                                                            
CONECT   10    6                                                            
CONECT   11    2                                                            
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0   11    0   20    0
END
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3D PDB for NP0000144 (Aminoadipic acid)

COMPND    HMDB0000510
HETATM    1  N1  UNL     1      -1.922   1.302  -0.040  1.00  0.00           N  
HETATM    2  C1  UNL     1      -1.560   0.025  -0.660  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    3  C2  UNL     1      -0.258  -0.439   0.010  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    4  C3  UNL     1       0.754   0.632  -0.260  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    5  C4  UNL     1       2.108   0.395   0.302  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    6  C5  UNL     1       2.802  -0.805  -0.178  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    7  O1  UNL     1       2.265  -1.545  -1.025  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    8  O2  UNL     1       4.055  -1.135   0.297  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    9  C6  UNL     1      -2.649  -0.942  -0.480  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   10  O3  UNL     1      -2.515  -2.099  -0.947  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM   11  O4  UNL     1      -3.823  -0.638   0.183  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM   12  H1  UNL     1      -1.479   2.100  -0.554  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   13  H2  UNL     1      -2.961   1.391  -0.108  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   14  H3  UNL     1      -1.328   0.252  -1.720  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   15  H4  UNL     1      -0.455  -0.563   1.104  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   16  H5  UNL     1       0.057  -1.413  -0.373  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   17  H6  UNL     1       0.752   0.837  -1.347  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   18  H7  UNL     1       0.353   1.572   0.217  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   19  H8  UNL     1       2.059   0.431   1.410  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   20  H9  UNL     1       2.727   1.300   0.023  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   21  H10 UNL     1       4.900  -0.611   0.088  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   22  H11 UNL     1      -3.883  -0.048   1.004  1.00  0.00           H  
CONECT    1    2   12   13
CONECT    2    3    9   14
CONECT    3    4   15   16
CONECT    4    5   17   18
CONECT    5    6   19   20
CONECT    6    7    7    8
CONECT    8   21
CONECT    9   10   10   11
CONECT   11   22
END
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SMILES for NP0000144 (Aminoadipic acid)

N[C@@H](CCCC(O)=O)C(O)=O
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INCHI for NP0000144 (Aminoadipic acid)

InChI=1S/C6H11NO4/c7-4(6(10)11)2-1-3-5(8)9/h4H,1-3,7H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11)/t4-/m0/s1
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Synonyms
ValueSource
(S)-2-Aminohexanedioic acidChEBI
L-2-AminoadipateChEBI
L-2-AminohexanedioateChEBI
L-alpha-AminoadipateChEBI
L-alpha-Aminoadipic acidChEBI
L-2-Aminoadipic acidKegg
(S)-2-AminohexanedioateGenerator
L-2-Aminohexanedioic acidGenerator
L-a-AminoadipateGenerator
L-a-Aminoadipic acidGenerator
L-Α-aminoadipateGenerator
L-Α-aminoadipic acidGenerator
AminoadipateGenerator
(2S)-2-Aminohexanedioic acidHMDB
(2S)-2-Azaniumyl-6-hydroxy-6-oxohexanoateHMDB
(S)-2-Aminoadipic acidHMDB
2-AminoadipateHMDB
2-Aminoadipic acidHMDB
2-Aminohexanedioic acidHMDB
L-Aminoadipic acidHMDB
alpha-Aminoadipic acidHMDB
Α-aminoadipic acidHMDB
Chemical FormulaC6H11NO4
Average Mass161.1558 Da
Monoisotopic Mass161.06881 Da
IUPAC Name(2S)-2-aminohexanedioic acid
Traditional Nameaminoadipate
CAS Registry Number542-32-5
SMILES
NC(CCCC(O)=O)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C6H11NO4/c7-4(6(10)11)2-1-3-5(8)9/h4H,1-3,7H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11)
InChI KeyOYIFNHCXNCRBQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, simulated)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, simulated)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, simulated)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Predicted Spectra
Not Available
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Arabidopsis thalianaPlant
Caenorhabditis elegansLOTUS Database
Cannabis sativaCannabisDB
      Not Available
Caylusea abyssinicaLOTUS Database
Cycas circinalisLOTUS Database
Cycas revolutaLOTUS Database
Flammulina velutipesLOTUS Database
Homo sapiensLOTUS Database
Lathyrus sativusLOTUS Database
Phoma medicaginisFungi
Pisum sativumLOTUS Database
Prunus domesticaLOTUS Database
Psophocarpus tetragonolobusLOTUS Database
Streptomyces clavuligerusLOTUS Database
Sus scrofaLOTUS Database
Trypanosoma bruceiLOTUS Database
Vigna radiataLOTUS Database
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentL-alpha-amino acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • L-alpha-amino acid
  • Medium-chain fatty acid
  • Amino fatty acid
  • Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Fatty acid
  • Fatty acyl
  • Amino acid
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Amine
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Primary amine
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Carbonyl group
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point196 - 198 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility2.2 mg/mLNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility32.7 g/LALOGPS
logP-3.4ALOGPS
logP-2.8ChemAxon
logS-0.69ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)2.01ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.53ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area100.62 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity35.89 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability15.53 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
HMDB IDHMDB0000510
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB021812
KNApSAcK IDC00007393
Chemspider ID83182
KEGG Compound IDC00956
BioCyc IDCPD-468
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkAlpha-Aminoadipic_acid
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound92136
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID37023
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
General References
  1. Fiermonte G, Dolce V, Palmieri L, Ventura M, Runswick MJ, Palmieri F, Walker JE: Identification of the human mitochondrial oxodicarboxylate carrier. Bacterial expression, reconstitution, functional characterization, tissue distribution, and chromosomal location. J Biol Chem. 2001 Mar 16;276(11):8225-30. Epub 2000 Nov 16. [PubMed:11083877 ]
  2. Brauner-Osborne H, Slok FA, Skjaerbaek N, Ebert B, Sekiyama N, Nakanishi S, Krogsgaard-Larsen P: A new highly selective metabotropic excitatory amino acid agonist: 2-amino-4-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)butyric acid. J Med Chem. 1996 Aug 2;39(16):3188-94. [PubMed:8759641 ]
  3. Hori S: [Pathophysiology of intraocular neovascularization]. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 1990 Dec;94(12):1103-21. [PubMed:1707214 ]
  4. Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan S, Mulder GJ: Inhibition of glutathione conjugation in the rat in vivo by analogues of glutathione conjugates. Chem Biol Interact. 1998 Apr 24;111-112:163-76. [PubMed:9679552 ]
  5. Okuno E, Tsujimoto M, Nakamura M, Kido R: 2-Aminoadipate-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase isoenzymes in human liver: a plausible physiological role in lysine and tryptophan metabolism. Enzyme Protein. 1993;47(3):136-48. [PubMed:8087205 ]
  6. Takechi T, Okada T, Wakiguchi H, Morita H, Kurashige T, Sugahara K, Kodama H: Identification of N-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipic acid in the urine of a patient with alpha-aminoadipic and alpha-ketoadipic aciduria. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1993;16(1):119-26. [PubMed:8487492 ]
  7. Wu HQ, Ungerstedt U, Schwarcz R: L-alpha-aminoadipic acid as a regulator of kynurenic acid production in the hippocampus: a microdialysis study in freely moving rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995 Jul 25;281(1):55-61. [PubMed:8566117 ]
  8. Jung K, Reszka R, Kamlage B, Bethan B, Stephan C, Lein M, Kristiansen G: Tissue metabolite profiling identifies differentiating and prognostic biomarkers for prostate carcinoma. Int J Cancer. 2013 Dec 15;133(12):2914-24. doi: 10.1002/ijc.28303. Epub 2013 Jun 29. [PubMed:23737455 ]
  9. Sell DR, Strauch CM, Shen W, Monnier VM: 2-aminoadipic acid is a marker of protein carbonyl oxidation in the aging human skin: effects of diabetes, renal failure and sepsis. Biochem J. 2007 Jun 1;404(2):269-77. [PubMed:17313367 ]
  10. Wijekoon EP, Skinner C, Brosnan ME, Brosnan JT: Amino acid metabolism in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat: effects of insulin resistance and of type 2 diabetes. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2004 Jul;82(7):506-14. [PubMed:15389298 ]
  11. Yuan W, Zhang J, Li S, Edwards JL: Amine metabolomics of hyperglycemic endothelial cells using capillary LC-MS with isobaric tagging. J Proteome Res. 2011 Nov 4;10(11):5242-50. doi: 10.1021/pr200815c. Epub 2011 Oct 17. [PubMed:21961526 ]
  12. Zeitoun-Ghandour S, Leszczyszyn OI, Blindauer CA, Geier FM, Bundy JG, Sturzenbaum SR: C. elegans metallothioneins: response to and defence against ROS toxicity. Mol Biosyst. 2011 Aug;7(8):2397-406. doi: 10.1039/c1mb05114h. Epub 2011 Jun 7. [PubMed:21647514 ]
  13. Sell DR, Strauch CM, Shen W, Monnier VM: Aging, diabetes, and renal failure catalyze the oxidation of lysyl residues to 2-aminoadipic acid in human skin collagen: evidence for metal-catalyzed oxidation mediated by alpha-dicarbonyls. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008 Apr;1126:205-9. doi: 10.1196/annals.1433.065. [PubMed:18448817 ]
  14. Wang TJ, Ngo D, Psychogios N, Dejam A, Larson MG, Vasan RS, Ghorbani A, O'Sullivan J, Cheng S, Rhee EP, Sinha S, McCabe E, Fox CS, O'Donnell CJ, Ho JE, Florez JC, Magnusson M, Pierce KA, Souza AL, Yu Y, Carter C, Light PE, Melander O, Clish CB, Gerszten RE: 2-Aminoadipic acid is a biomarker for diabetes risk. J Clin Invest. 2013 Oct;123(10):4309-17. doi: 10.1172/JCI64801. Epub 2013 Sep 16. [PubMed:24091325 ]
  15. Lin H, Levison BS, Buffa JA, Huang Y, Fu X, Wang Z, Gogonea V, DiDonato JA, Hazen SL: Myeloperoxidase-mediated protein lysine oxidation generates 2-aminoadipic acid and lysine nitrile in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med. 2017 Mar;104:20-31. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.01.006. Epub 2017 Jan 6. [PubMed:28069522 ]