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Record Information
Version2.0
Created at2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Updated at2021-08-16 18:04:09 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0000098
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common Name5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid
Description5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid, also known as 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetate or 5-HIAA, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indole-3-acetic acid derivatives. Indole-3-acetic acid derivatives are compounds containing an acetic acid (or a derivative) linked to the C3 carbon atom of an indole. 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid is a breakdown product of serotonin that is excreted in the urine and it also participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid can be biosynthesized from 5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde; which is catalyzed by the mitochondrial enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase. In addition, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and S-adenosylmethionine can be converted into 5-methoxyindoleacetate and S-adenosylhomocysteine through its interaction with the enzyme acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase. 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid is also involved in the metabolism of tryptophan. 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid has been found to be associated with several human diseases such as brunner syndrome, friedreich's ataxia, schizophrenia, and olivopontocerebral atrophy; 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid has also been linked to the inborn metabolic disorder sepiapterin reductase deficiency. Elevated levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in urine (>20 uM) are indicative of appendicitis and gastroenteritis (PMID: 11462886 ). Serotonin and 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid are produced in excess amounts by carcinoid tumors, and levels of these substances may be measured in the urine to test for carcinoid tumors (NCI). 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid has also been found to be a product of human gut microbiota.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC10H9NO3
Average Mass191.1834 Da
Monoisotopic Mass191.05824 Da
IUPAC Name2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)acetic acid
Traditional Namehydroxyindoleacetic acid
CAS Registry Number54-16-0
SMILES
OC(=O)CC1=CNC2=CC=C(O)C=C12
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C10H9NO3/c12-7-1-2-9-8(4-7)6(5-11-9)3-10(13)14/h1-2,4-5,11-12H,3H2,(H,13,14)
InChI KeyDUUGKQCEGZLZNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Predicted Spectra
Not Available
Chemical Shift Submissions
Not Available
Species
Species of Origin
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indole-3-acetic acid derivatives. Indole-3-acetic acid derivatives are compounds containing an acetic acid (or a derivative) linked to the C3 carbon atom of an indole.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassIndoles and derivatives
Sub ClassIndolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives
Direct ParentIndole-3-acetic acid derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Indole-3-acetic acid derivative
  • 3-alkylindole
  • Hydroxyindole
  • Indole
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Substituted pyrrole
  • Benzenoid
  • Pyrrole
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Azacycle
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point161 - 163 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility24 mg/mLNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility1.8 g/LALOGPS
logP1.28ALOGPS
logP1.41ChemAxon
logS-2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.22ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-5.5ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area73.32 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity50.43 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability18.71 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
HMDB IDHMDB0000763
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB030574
KNApSAcK IDC00000104
Chemspider ID1760
KEGG Compound IDC05635
BioCyc ID5-HYDROXYINDOLE_ACETATE
BiGG ID46167
Wikipedia Link5-Hydroxyindoleacetic_acid
METLIN ID2975
PubChem Compound1826
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID27823
Good Scents IDrw1127791
References
General References