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Showing NP-Card for alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid (NP0000087)

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Record Information
Version1.0
Created at2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Updated at2022-01-11 19:07:20 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0000087
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common Namealpha-Ketoisovaleric acid
DescriptionAlpha-Ketoisovaleric acid is an abnormal metabolite that arises from the incomplete breakdown of branched-chain amino acids. Alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid is a neurotoxin, an acidogen, and a metabotoxin. A neurotoxin causes damage to nerve cells and nerve tissues. An acidogen is an acidic compound that induces acidosis, which has multiple adverse effects on many organ systems. A metabotoxin is an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of alpha-ketoisovaleric acid are associated with maple syrup urine disease. MSUD is a metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC), leading to a buildup of the branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) and their toxic by-products (ketoacids) in the blood and urine. The symptoms of MSUD often show in infancy and lead to severe brain damage if untreated. MSUD may also present later depending on the severity of the disease. If left untreated in older individuals, during times of metabolic crisis, symptoms of the condition include uncharacteristically inappropriate, extreme, or erratic behaviour and moods, hallucinations, anorexia, weight loss, anemia, diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, lethargy, oscillating hypertonia and hypotonia, ataxia, seizures, hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis, opisthotonus, pancreatitis, rapid neurological decline, and coma. In maple syrup urine disease, the brain concentration of branched-chain ketoacids can increase 10- to 20-fold. This leads to a depletion of glutamate and a consequent reduction in the concentration of brain glutamine, aspartate, alanine, and other amino acids. The result is a compromise of energy metabolism because of a failure of the malate-aspartate shuttle and a diminished rate of protein synthesis (PMID: 15930465 ). Alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid is a keto-acid, which is a subclass of organic acids. Abnormally high levels of organic acids in the blood (organic acidemia), urine (organic aciduria), the brain, and other tissues lead to general metabolic acidosis. Acidosis typically occurs when arterial pH falls below 7.35. In infants with acidosis, the initial symptoms include poor feeding, vomiting, loss of appetite, weak muscle tone (hypotonia), and lack of energy (lethargy). These can progress to heart, liver, and kidney abnormalities, seizures, coma, and possibly death. These are also the characteristic symptoms of untreated MSUD. Many affected children with organic acidemias experience intellectual disability or delayed development.
Structure
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MOL3D MOLSDF3D SDFPDB3D PDBSMILESInChI

MOL for NP0000087 (alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid)


  Mrv1652309032023502D          

  8  7  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
10007.706010007.5050    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10008.421410007.9171    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10009.134810007.5050    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10008.421410008.7418    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10006.991310007.9171    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10006.276510007.5050    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10006.991310008.7418    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10007.706010006.6797    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0  0  0  0
  1  5  1  0  0  0  0
  1  8  2  0  0  0  0
  2  3  1  0  0  0  0
  2  4  1  0  0  0  0
  5  6  1  0  0  0  0
  5  7  2  0  0  0  0
M  END
Download

3D MOL for NP0000087 (alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid)

HMDB0000019
     RDKit          3D
alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid
 16 15  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -1.2918   -0.9728    0.2156 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5333    0.3218    0.2781 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.2104    1.4542   -0.4369 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7996    0.1215   -0.3234 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.1082    0.8160   -1.3242 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.7692   -0.8274    0.1727 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4728   -1.5250    1.1693 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.0127   -1.0097   -0.3941 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7572   -1.7096   -0.4402 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3063   -0.8795   -0.1752 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.3188   -1.4436    1.2189 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.4615    0.6365    1.3597 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4653    1.2087   -1.4903 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.0918    1.8519    0.1029 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.4724    2.2899   -0.4856 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.7464   -0.3329   -0.4239 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  2  4  1  0
  4  5  2  0
  4  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  6  8  1  0
  1  9  1  0
  1 10  1  0
  1 11  1  0
  2 12  1  0
  3 13  1  0
  3 14  1  0
  3 15  1  0
  8 16  1  0
M  END
Download

3D SDF for NP0000087 (alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid)


  Mrv1652309032023502D          

  8  7  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
10007.706010007.5050    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10008.421410007.9171    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10009.134810007.5050    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10008.421410008.7418    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10006.991310007.9171    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10006.276510007.5050    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10006.991310008.7418    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
10007.706010006.6797    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0  0  0  0
  1  5  1  0  0  0  0
  1  8  2  0  0  0  0
  2  3  1  0  0  0  0
  2  4  1  0  0  0  0
  5  6  1  0  0  0  0
  5  7  2  0  0  0  0
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
NP0000087

> <DATABASE_NAME>
NP-MRD

> <SMILES>
CC(C)C(=O)C(O)=O

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C5H8O3/c1-3(2)4(6)5(7)8/h3H,1-2H3,(H,7,8)

> <INCHI_KEY>
QHKABHOOEWYVLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

> <FORMULA>
C5H8O3

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
116.1152

> <EXACT_MASS>
116.047344122

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
3

> <JCHEM_ATOM_COUNT>
16

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
11.043255629982493

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
1

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
1

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
0

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
0.49

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
1.3093960786666665

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
-0.59

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
0

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
0

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
-1

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_ACIDIC>
3.3715855069017753

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC>
-9.71868553071473

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
54.37

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
27.191100000000002

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
2

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
1

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
3.02e+01 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
α-ketoisovalerate

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
0

$$$$
Download

3D-SDF for NP0000087 (alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid)

HMDB0000019
     RDKit          3D
alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid
 16 15  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -1.2918   -0.9728    0.2156 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5333    0.3218    0.2781 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.2104    1.4542   -0.4369 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7996    0.1215   -0.3234 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.1082    0.8160   -1.3242 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.7692   -0.8274    0.1727 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4728   -1.5250    1.1693 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.0127   -1.0097   -0.3941 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7572   -1.7096   -0.4402 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3063   -0.8795   -0.1752 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.3188   -1.4436    1.2189 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.4615    0.6365    1.3597 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4653    1.2087   -1.4903 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.0918    1.8519    0.1029 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.4724    2.2899   -0.4856 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.7464   -0.3329   -0.4239 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  2  4  1  0
  4  5  2  0
  4  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  6  8  1  0
  1  9  1  0
  1 10  1  0
  1 11  1  0
  2 12  1  0
  3 13  1  0
  3 14  1  0
  3 15  1  0
  8 16  1  0
M  END
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PDB for NP0000087 (alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid)

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 03-SEP-20   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    NULL                                                        
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   03-SEP-20         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0    8681.0518680.676   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  C   UNK     0    8682.3878681.445   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    3  C   UNK     0    8683.7188680.676   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    4  C   UNK     0    8682.3878682.985   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    5  C   UNK     0    8679.7178681.445   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    6  O   UNK     0    8678.3838680.676   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    7  O   UNK     0    8679.7178682.985   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    8  O   UNK     0    8681.0518679.135   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
CONECT    1    2    5    8                                                  
CONECT    2    1    3    4                                                  
CONECT    3    2                                                            
CONECT    4    2                                                            
CONECT    5    1    6    7                                                  
CONECT    6    5                                                            
CONECT    7    5                                                            
CONECT    8    1                                                            
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    8    0   14    0
END
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3D PDB for NP0000087 (alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid)

COMPND    HMDB0000019
HETATM    1  C1  UNL     1      -1.292  -0.973   0.216  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    2  C2  UNL     1      -0.533   0.322   0.278  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    3  C3  UNL     1      -1.210   1.454  -0.437  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    4  C4  UNL     1       0.800   0.121  -0.323  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    5  O1  UNL     1       1.108   0.816  -1.324  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    6  C5  UNL     1       1.769  -0.827   0.173  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    7  O2  UNL     1       1.473  -1.525   1.169  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    8  O3  UNL     1       3.013  -1.010  -0.394  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    9  H1  UNL     1      -0.757  -1.710  -0.440  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   10  H2  UNL     1      -2.306  -0.880  -0.175  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   11  H3  UNL     1      -1.319  -1.444   1.219  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   12  H4  UNL     1      -0.462   0.637   1.360  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   13  H5  UNL     1      -1.465   1.209  -1.490  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   14  H6  UNL     1      -2.092   1.852   0.103  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   15  H7  UNL     1      -0.472   2.290  -0.486  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   16  H8  UNL     1       3.746  -0.333  -0.424  1.00  0.00           H  
CONECT    1    2    9   10   11
CONECT    2    3    4   12
CONECT    3   13   14   15
CONECT    4    5    5    6
CONECT    6    7    7    8
CONECT    8   16
END
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SMILES for NP0000087 (alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid)

CC(C)C(=O)C(O)=O
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INCHI for NP0000087 (alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid)

InChI=1S/C5H8O3/c1-3(2)4(6)5(7)8/h3H,1-2H3,(H,7,8)
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Synonyms
ValueSource
2-Keto-3-methylbutyric acidChEBI
2-Ketoisovaleric acidChEBI
2-KetovalineChEBI
2-oxo-3-Methylbutanoic acidChEBI
2-oxo-3-Methylbutyric acidChEBI
2-Oxoisovaleric acidChEBI
3-Methyl-2-oxobutanoateChEBI
3-Methyl-2-oxobutyric acidChEBI
alpha-Keto-isovaleric acidChEBI
alpha-KetovalineChEBI
alpha-oxo-beta-MethylbutyricacidChEBI
alpha-Oxoisovaleric acidChEBI
Dimethylpyruvic acidChEBI
Isopropylglyoxylic acidChEBI
2-oxo-3-MethylbutanoateKegg
2-OxoisovalerateKegg
2-OxoisopentanoateKegg
2-Keto-3-methylbutyrateGenerator
2-KetoisovalerateGenerator
2-oxo-3-MethylbutyrateGenerator
3-Methyl-2-oxobutanoic acidGenerator
3-Methyl-2-oxobutyrateGenerator
a-Keto-isovalerateGenerator
a-Keto-isovaleric acidGenerator
alpha-Keto-isovalerateGenerator
Α-keto-isovalerateGenerator
Α-keto-isovaleric acidGenerator
a-KetovalineGenerator
Α-ketovalineGenerator
a-oxo-b-MethylbutyricacidGenerator
Α-oxo-β-methylbutyricacidGenerator
a-OxoisovalerateGenerator
a-Oxoisovaleric acidGenerator
alpha-OxoisovalerateGenerator
Α-oxoisovalerateGenerator
Α-oxoisovaleric acidGenerator
DimethylpyruvateGenerator
IsopropylglyoxylateGenerator
2-Oxoisopentanoic acidGenerator
a-KetoisovalerateGenerator
a-Ketoisovaleric acidGenerator
alpha-KetoisovalerateGenerator
Α-ketoisovalerateGenerator
Α-ketoisovaleric acidGenerator
2-Ketoisvaleric acidHMDB
2-oxo-3-Methyl-butyrateHMDB
3-Methyl-2-oxo-butanoateHMDB
3-Methyl-2-oxo-butanoic acidHMDB
3-Methyl-2-oxo-butyrateHMDB
3-Methyl-2-oxo-butyric acidHMDB
3-Methyl-2-oxobutinoateHMDB
3-Methyl-2-oxobutinoic acidHMDB
a-Keto-b-methylbutyrateHMDB
a-Keto-b-methylbutyric acidHMDB
a-oxo-b-MethylbutyrateHMDB
a-oxo-b-Methylbutyric acidHMDB
alpha-Keto-beta-methylbutyrateHMDB
alpha-Keto-beta-methylbutyric acidHMDB
alpha-oxo-beta-MethylbutyrateHMDB
alpha-oxo-beta-Methylbutyric acidHMDB
KetovalineHMDB
alpha-Ketoisopentanoic acidHMDB
alpha-Ketoisovaleric acidGenerator, MeSH
Chemical FormulaC5H8O3
Average Mass116.1152 Da
Monoisotopic Mass116.04734 Da
IUPAC Name3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid
Traditional Nameα-ketoisovalerate
CAS Registry Number759-05-7
SMILES
CC(C)C(=O)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C5H8O3/c1-3(2)4(6)5(7)8/h3H,1-2H3,(H,7,8)
InChI KeyQHKABHOOEWYVLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, simulated)Ahselim2022-01-11View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, experimental)Ahselim2022-01-11View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Predicted Spectra
Not Available
Chemical Shift Submissions
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, simulated)V.dorna832021-08-08View Spectrum
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Abelmoschus esculentusFooDB
Actinidia chinensisFooDB
Agaricus bisporusFooDB
AgaveFooDB
Allium ampeloprasumFooDB
Allium ascalonicumFooDB
Allium cepaFooDB
Allium cepa L.FooDB
Allium fistulosumFooDB
Allium sativumFooDB
Allium schoenoprasumFooDB
Allium tuberosumFooDB
Aloe africanaLOTUS Database
Aloysia triphyllaFooDB
AmaranthusFooDB
Amelanchier alnifoliaFooDB
Anacardium occidentaleFooDB
Ananas comosusFooDB
Anas platyrhynchosFooDB
AnatidaeFooDB
Anethum graveolensFooDB
Angelica keiskeiFooDB
Annona cherimolaFooDB
Annona muricataFooDB
Annona reticulataFooDB
Annona squamosaFooDB
Anser anserFooDB
Anthriscus cerefoliumFooDB
Apium graveolensFooDB
Apium graveolens var. dulceFooDB
Apium graveolens var. rapaceumFooDB
Apium graveolens var. secalinumFooDB
Arabidopsis thalianaKNApSAcK Database
Arachis hypogaeaFooDB
Arctium lappaFooDB
Armoracia rusticanaFooDB
Artemisia dracunculusFooDB
Artemisia vulgarisFooDB
Artocarpus altilisFooDB
Artocarpus heterophyllusFooDB
Asparagus officinalisFooDB
Attalea speciosaFooDB
Auricularia auricula-judaeFooDB
Auricularia polytrichaFooDB
Avena sativa L.FooDB
Averrhoa carambolaFooDB
Basella albaFooDB
Benincasa hispidaFooDB
Bertholletia excelsaFooDB
Beta vulgarisFooDB
Beta vulgaris ssp. ciclaFooDB
Bison bisonFooDB
Borago officinalisFooDB
Bos taurusFooDB
Bos taurus X Bison bisonFooDB
Brassica alboglabraFooDB
Brassica junceaFooDB
Brassica napusFooDB
Brassica napus var. napusFooDB
Brassica oleraceaFooDB
Brassica oleracea var. botrytisFooDB
Brassica oleracea var. capitataFooDB
Brassica oleracea var. gemmiferaFooDB
Brassica oleracea var. gongylodesFooDB
Brassica oleracea var. italicaFooDB
Brassica oleracea var. sabaudaFooDB
Brassica oleracea var. viridisFooDB
Brassica rapaFooDB
Brassica rapa ssp. chinensisFooDB
Brassica rapa var. pekinensisFooDB
Brassica rapa var. rapaFooDB
Brassica ruvoFooDB
Brosimum alicastrumFooDB
Bubalus bubalisFooDB
Byrsonima crassifoliaFooDB
Cajanus cajanFooDB
Canarium ovatumFooDB
Cannabis sativaCannabisDB
      Not Available
Cantharellus cibariusFooDB
Capparis spinosaFooDB
Capra aegagrus hircusFooDB
Capsicum annuumKNApSAcK Database
Capsicum annuum L.FooDB
Capsicum annuum var. annuumFooDB
Capsicum chinenseFooDB
Capsicum pubescensFooDB
Carica papaya L.FooDB
Carissa macrocarpaFooDB
Carthamus tinctoriusFooDB
Carum carviFooDB
CaryaFooDB
Carya illinoinensisFooDB
CastaneaFooDB
Castanea crenataFooDB
Castanea mollissimaFooDB
Castanea sativaFooDB
Ceratonia siliquaFooDB
CervidaeFooDB
Cervus canadensisFooDB
Chamaemelum nobileFooDB
Chamerion angustifoliumFooDB
Chenopodium albumFooDB
Chenopodium quinoaFooDB
Chrysanthemum coronariumFooDB
Cicer arietinumFooDB
Cichorium endiviaFooDB
Cichorium intybusFooDB
CinnamomumFooDB
Cinnamomum aromaticumFooDB
Cinnamomum verumFooDB
CirsiumFooDB
Citrullus lanatusFooDB
Citrus ×limon (L.) Burm. f. (pro sp.)FooDB
Citrus aurantiifoliaFooDB
Citrus latifoliaFooDB
Citrus limonFooDB
Citrus maximaFooDB
Citrus paradisiFooDB
Citrus reticulataFooDB
Citrus X sinensis (L.) Osbeck (pro. sp.)FooDB
Cocos nuciferaFooDB
Coffea arabica L.FooDB
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Colocasia esculentaFooDB
ColumbaFooDB
ColumbidaeFooDB
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CucurbitaFooDB
Cucurbita maximaFooDB
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Curcuma longaFooDB
Cydonia oblongaFooDB
Cymbopogon citratusFooDB
Cynara cardunculusFooDB
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Daucus carotaFooDB
Daucus carota ssp. sativusFooDB
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DioscoreaFooDB
Dioscorea pentaphyllaFooDB
DiospyrosFooDB
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Diospyros virginianaFooDB
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ElaeisFooDB
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Empetrum nigrumFooDB
Equus caballusFooDB
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Helianthus annuus L.FooDB
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Hibiscus sabbariffaFooDB
Hippophae rhamnoidesFooDB
Homo sapiensLOTUS Database
Hordeum vulgareFooDB
Hyssopus officinalis L.FooDB
Illicium verumFooDB
Ipomoea aquaticaFooDB
Ipomoea batatasFooDB
JuglansFooDB
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Juglans nigra L.FooDB
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Linum usitatissimumFooDB
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LupinusFooDB
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MacadamiaFooDB
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Malpighia emarginataFooDB
MalusFooDB
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Mammea americanaFooDB
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Matricaria recutitaFooDB
Matteuccia struthiopterisFooDB
Medicago sativaFooDB
Melanitta fuscaFooDB
Meleagris gallopavoFooDB
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MenthaFooDB
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Mentha arvensisFooDB
Mentha spicataFooDB
Mentha x piperitaFooDB
Mespilus germanicaFooDB
Metroxylon saguFooDB
Momordica charantiaFooDB
MorchellaceaeFooDB
Morella rubraFooDB
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MorusFooDB
Morus nigraFooDB
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MyricaFooDB
Myristica fragransFooDB
NelumboFooDB
Nelumbo nuciferaFooDB
Nephelium lappaceumFooDB
Numida meleagrisFooDB
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Ocimum basilicumFooDB
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Oenothera biennisFooDB
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OpuntiaFooDB
Opuntia cochenilliferaFooDB
Opuntia macrorhizaFooDB
Origanum majoranaFooDB
Origanum onitesFooDB
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Origanum X majoricumFooDB
OryctolagusFooDB
Oryza rufipogonFooDB
Oryza sativaFooDB
Ovis ariesFooDB
Pachyrhizus erosusFooDB
Panax ginsengFooDB
Pangium eduleFooDB
Panicum miliaceumFooDB
Paraburkholderia phymatum-
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Pastinaca sativaFooDB
Pediomelum esculentumFooDB
Perideridia oreganaFooDB
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Petroselinum crispumFooDB
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PhasianidaeFooDB
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PhysalisFooDB
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Pimenta dioicaFooDB
Pimpinella anisumFooDB
PinusFooDB
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Piper nigrum L.FooDB
Pistacia veraFooDB
Pisum sativumFooDB
Pleurotus ostreatusFooDB
Polygonum alpinumFooDB
Portulaca oleraceaFooDB
Pouteria sapotaFooDB
Prunus armeniacaFooDB
Prunus aviumFooDB
Prunus avium L.FooDB
Prunus cerasusFooDB
Prunus domesticaFooDB
Prunus dulcisFooDB
Prunus persicaFooDB
Prunus persica var. nucipersicaFooDB
Prunus persica var. persicaFooDB
Prunus tomentosaFooDB
Prunus virginianaFooDB
Pseudostellaria heterophyllaLOTUS Database
Psidium cattleianumFooDB
Psidium guajavaFooDB
Psophocarpus tetragonolobusFooDB
Punica granatumFooDB
Pyricularia oryzaeLOTUS Database
Pyrus communisFooDB
Pyrus pyrifoliaFooDB
QuercusFooDB
Raphanus sativusFooDB
Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatusFooDB
Raphanus sativus var. sativusFooDB
Rheum rhabarbarumFooDB
Ribes aureumFooDB
Ribes glandulosumFooDB
Ribes nigrumFooDB
Ribes rubrumFooDB
Ribes uva-crispaFooDB
RosaFooDB
Rubus arcticusFooDB
Rubus chamaemorusFooDB
Rubus idaeusFooDB
Rubus occidentalisFooDB
Rubus spectabilisFooDB
RumexFooDB
Rumex acetosaFooDB
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Salix pulchraFooDB
Salvia elegansFooDB
Salvia hispanicaFooDB
Salvia officinalisFooDB
Salvia rosmarinusFooDB
Sambucus nigraFooDB
Sambucus nigra L.FooDB
Satureja hortensis L.FooDB
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Scorzonera hispanicaFooDB
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Sechium eduleFooDB
Sesamum indicumFooDB
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SisymbriumFooDB
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    • Shmuel Yannai Dictionary of Food Compounds with CD-ROM: Additives, Flavors, and Ingredients. Chap...
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Vaccinium corymbosumFooDB
Vaccinium deliciosumFooDB
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Vaccinium macrocarponFooDB
Vaccinium myrtilloidesFooDB
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Vigna aconitifoliaFooDB
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Vigna mungoFooDB
Vigna radiataFooDB
Vigna umbellataFooDB
Vigna unguiculataFooDB
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Vitis aestivalisFooDB
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Vitis rotundifoliaFooDB
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ZizaniaFooDB
Zizania aquaticaFooDB
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Species Where Detected
Species NameSourceReference
Escherichia coli K12KNApSAcK Database
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as short-chain keto acids and derivatives. These are keto acids with an alkyl chain the contains less than 6 carbon atoms.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassKeto acids and derivatives
Sub ClassShort-chain keto acids and derivatives
Direct ParentShort-chain keto acids and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Branched fatty acid
  • Methyl-branched fatty acid
  • Short-chain keto acid
  • Alpha-keto acid
  • Fatty acyl
  • Alpha-hydroxy ketone
  • Ketone
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carbonyl group
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point31.5 °Chttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-Ketoisovaleric_acid
Boiling Point170.5 °Chttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-Ketoisovaleric_acid
Water Solubility496800 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
LogP-0.377 (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility30.2 g/LALOGPS
logP0.49ALOGPS
logP1.31ChemAxon
logS-0.59ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.37ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-9.7ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area54.37 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity27.19 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability11.04 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
HMDB IDHMDB0000019
DrugBank IDDB04074
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB030441
KNApSAcK IDC00007623
Chemspider ID48
KEGG Compound IDC00141
BioCyc ID2-KETO-ISOVALERATE
BiGG ID34011
Wikipedia LinkAlpha-Ketoisovaleric acid
METLIN ID5091
PubChem Compound49
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID16530
Good Scents IDrw1047091
References
General References
  1. Schaefer K, von Herrath D, Erley CM, Asmus G: Calcium ketovaline as new therapy for uremic hyperphosphatemia. Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1990;16(6):362-4. [PubMed:2089249 ]
  2. Shoemaker JD, Elliott WH: Automated screening of urine samples for carbohydrates, organic and amino acids after treatment with urease. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jan 2;562(1-2):125-38. [PubMed:2026685 ]
  3. Livesey G, Lund P: Binding of branched-chain 2-oxo acids to bovine serum albumin. Biochem J. 1982 Apr 15;204(1):265-72. [PubMed:7115325 ]
  4. Shigematsu Y, Kikuchi K, Momoi T, Sudo M, Kikawa Y, Nosaka K, Kuriyama M, Haruki S, Sanada K, Hamano N, et al.: Organic acids and branched-chain amino acids in body fluids before and after multiple exchange transfusions in maple syrup urine disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1983;6(4):183-9. [PubMed:6422161 ]
  5. Chuang DT, Niu WL, Cox RP: Activities of branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase and its components in skin fibroblasts from normal and classical-maple-syrup-urine-disease subjects. Biochem J. 1981 Oct 15;200(1):59-67. [PubMed:6895847 ]
  6. Lee SH, Kim SO, Chung BC: Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of urinary oxoacids using O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)oxime-trimethylsilyl ester derivatization and cation-exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1998 Nov 20;719(1-2):1-7. [PubMed:9869358 ]
  7. Gallina DL, Dominguez JM, Hoschoian JC, Barrio JR: Maintenance of nitrogen balance in a young woman by substitution of -ketoisovaleric acid for valine. J Nutr. 1971 Sep;101(9):1165-7. [PubMed:5096137 ]
  8. Schauder P, Schroder K, Langenbeck U: Serum branched-chain amino and keto acid response to a protein-rich meal in man. Ann Nutr Metab. 1984;28(6):350-6. [PubMed:6393856 ]
  9. Tsuchiya H, Hashizume I, Tokunaga T, Tatsumi M, Takagi N, Hayashi T: High-performance liquid chromatography of alpha-keto acids in human saliva. Arch Oral Biol. 1983;28(11):989-92. [PubMed:6581765 ]
  10. Yudkoff M, Daikhin Y, Nissim I, Horyn O, Luhovyy B, Lazarow A, Nissim I: Brain amino acid requirements and toxicity: the example of leucine. J Nutr. 2005 Jun;135(6 Suppl):1531S-8S. [PubMed:15930465 ]
  11. Paila YD, Chattopadhyay A: The human serotonin 1A receptor expressed in neuronal cells: toward a native environment for neuronal receptors. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2006 Jul-Aug;26(4-6):925-42. doi: 10.1007/s10571-006-9098-9. Epub 2006 Jun 27. [PubMed:17120164 ]