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Record Information
Version2.0
Created at2006-05-22 15:12:41 UTC
Updated at2024-09-03 04:18:44 UTC
NP-MRD IDNP0000023
Natural Product DOIhttps://doi.org/10.57994/1496
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Natural Product Identification
Common NameRaffinose
DescriptionRaffinose is a complex carbohydrate. It is a trisaccharide composed of galactose, fructose, and glucose. It can be found in beans, cabbage, brussels sprouts, broccoli, asparagus, other vegetables, and whole grains. Raffinose is hydrolyzed to D-galactose and sucrose by D-galactosidase (D-GAL). D-GAL also hydrolyzes other D-galactosides such as stachyose, verbascose, and galactinol [1-O-(D-galactosyl)-myoinositol], if present. The enzyme does not cleave linked galactose, as in lactose. Raffinose is also known as melitose and may be thought of as galactose and sucrose connected via an alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkage. Thus, raffinose can be broken down into galactose and sucrose via the enzyme alpha-galactosidase. Human intestines do not contain this enzyme. Raffinose is a trisaccharide occurring in Australian manna (from Eucalyptus spp, Myrtaceae) and in cottonseed meal.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
6g-alpha-D-GalactosylsucroseChEBI
alpha-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl beta-D-fructofuranosideChEBI
alpha-D-Galp-(1->6)-alpha-D-GLCP-(12)-beta-D-frufChEBI
GossyposeChEBI
MelitoseChEBI
MelitrioseChEBI
RafinoseChEBI
RaflinoseChEBI
6g-a-D-GalactosylsucroseGenerator
6g-Α-D-galactosylsucroseGenerator
a-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-a-D-glucopyranosyl b-D-fructofuranosideGenerator
Α-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-α-D-glucopyranosyl β-D-fructofuranosideGenerator
a-D-Galp-(1->6)-a-D-GLCP-(12)-b-D-frufGenerator
Α-D-galp-(1->6)-α-D-GLCP-(12)-β-D-frufGenerator
D-(+)-RaffinoseHMDB
D-RaffinoseHMDB
beta-D-Fructofuranosyl O-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-alpha-D-glucopyranosideHMDB
Β-D-fructofuranosyl O-α-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-α-D-glucopyranosideHMDB
RaffinoseHMDB
Chemical FormulaC18H32O16
Average Mass504.4371 Da
Monoisotopic Mass504.16903 Da
IUPAC Name(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-{[(2S,3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy}-6-({[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
Traditional Nameraffinose
CAS Registry Number512-69-6
SMILES
[H][C@]1(CO)O[C@@](CO)(O[C@@]2([H])O[C@]([H])(CO[C@@]3([H])O[C@]([H])(CO)[C@]([H])(O)[C@]([H])(O)[C@@]3([H])O)[C@@]([H])(O)[C@]([H])(O)[C@@]2([H])O)[C@@]([H])(O)[C@]1([H])O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C18H32O16/c19-1-5-8(22)11(25)13(27)16(31-5)30-3-7-9(23)12(26)14(28)17(32-7)34-18(4-21)15(29)10(24)6(2-20)33-18/h5-17,19-29H,1-4H2/t5-,6-,7-,8+,9-,10-,11+,12+,13-,14-,15+,16+,17-,18+/m1/s1
InChI KeyMUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-ZQSKZDJDSA-N
Experimental Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
HMBC NMR[1H, 13C] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, C2D6OS, experimental)bgnzk@missouri.eduMU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-01-02View Spectrum
HSQC NMR[1H, 13C] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, C2D6OS, experimental)bgnzk@missouri.eduMU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-01-02View Spectrum
COSY NMR[1H, 1H] NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, C2D6OS, experimental)bgnzk@missouri.eduMU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-01-02View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 201 MHz, C2D6OS, experimental)bgnzk@missouri.eduMU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-01-02View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, C2D6OS, experimental)bgnzk@missouri.eduMU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-01-02View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, DMSO-d6, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 22.53 MHz, D2O, experimental)Wishart LabWishart LabDavid Wishart2021-06-20View Spectrum
Predicted Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor IDDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
Chemical Shift Submissions
Spectrum TypeDescriptionDepositor EmailDepositor OrganizationDepositorDeposition DateView
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600.133705802, C2D6OS, simulated)bgnzk@missouri.eduSumner Lab, MU Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia. MO, USADr. Bharat Goel2024-05-14View Spectrum
Species
Species of Origin
Species NameSourceReference
Abelmoschus esculentus
Actinidia chinensis
Agaricus bisporus
Agave
Agave americana
Allium ampeloprasumFooDB
Allium ascalonicum
Allium cepaFooDB
Allium cepa L.
Allium fistulosum
Allium sativumFooDB
Allium schoenoprasum
Allium suworowii
Allium tuberosum
Aloysia triphylla
Amaranthus
Amelanchier alnifolia
Anacardium occidentale
Ananas comosus
Anethum graveolens
Angelica keiskei
Annona cherimola
Annona muricata
Annona reticulata
Annona squamosa
Anthriscus cerefolium
Apium graveolens
Apium graveolens var. dulce
Apium graveolens var. rapaceum
Apium graveolens var. secalinum
Arabidopsis thalianaPlant
Arachis hypogaea
Arctium lappa
Armoracia rusticana
Artemisia dracunculus
Artemisia vulgaris
Artocarpus altilis
Artocarpus heterophyllus
Asparagus officinalis
Attalea speciosa
Auricularia auricula-judae
Auricularia polytricha
Avena sativa L.
Averrhoa carambola
Basella alba
Benincasa hispida
Bertholletia excelsa
Beta vulgaris
Beta vulgaris ssp. cicla
Borago officinalis
Brassica alboglabra
Brassica juncea
Brassica napus
Brassica napus var. napus
Brassica oleracea
Brassica oleracea L. ssp. BotrytisPlant
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera
Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes
Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. sabauda
Brassica oleracea var. viridis
Brassica rapa
Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis
Brassica rapa var. pekinensis
Brassica rapa var. rapa
Brassica ruvo
Brosimum alicastrum
Bryum capillare
Byrsonima crassifolia
Cajanus cajan
Canarium ovatum
Cannabis sativaCannabisDB
      Not Available
Cantharellus cibarius
Capparis spinosa
Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum L.
Capsicum annuum var. annuum
Capsicum chinense
Capsicum pubescens
Carica papaya L.Plant
Carissa macrocarpa
Carthamus tinctorius
Carum carvi
Carya
Carya illinoinensis
Castanea
Castanea crenata
Castanea mollissima
Castanea sativa
Ceratonia siliquaFooDB
Chamaemelum nobile
Chamerion angustifolium
Chenopodium album
Chenopodium quinoa
Chrysanthemum coronarium
Cicer arietinum
Cichorium endivia
Cichorium intybus
Cinara laricis
Cinnamomum
Cinnamomum aromaticum
Cinnamomum verum
Cirsium
Citrullus lanatus
Citrus ×limon (L.) Burm. f. (pro sp.)
Citrus aurantiifolia
Citrus latifolia
Citrus limon
Citrus maxima
Citrus paradisi
Citrus reticulata
Citrus X sinensis (L.) Osbeck (pro. sp.)
Cocos nuciferaFooDB
Coffea arabica L.FooDB
Coffea canephora
Colocasia esculenta
Corchorus olitoriusFooDB
Coriandrum sativum L.
Corylus
Corylus avellanaFooDB
Crateva religiosa
Crocus sativus
Cucumis melo
Cucumis metuliferus
Cucumis sativus L.
Cucurbita
Cucurbita maxima
Cucurbita moschata
Cuminum cyminum
Curcuma longa
Cydonia oblonga
Cymbopogon citratus
Cynara cardunculus
Cynara scolymus
Daphnia pulex
Daucus carota
Daucus carota ssp. sativus
Dimocarpus longan
Dioscorea
Dioscorea pentaphylla
Diospyros
Diospyros kaki
Diospyros virginiana
Durio zibethinus
Dysphania ambrosioides
Elaeis
Eleocharis dulcis
Elettaria cardamomum
Empetrum nigrum
Eragrostis tef
Eriobotrya japonica
Eruca vesicaria subsp. Sativa
Eugenia javanica
Eugenia uniflora
Eutrema japonicum
Fagopyrum esculentum
Fagopyrum tataricum
Fagus
Feijoa sellowiana
Ficus carica
Flammulina velutipes
Foeniculum vulgare
Fragaria x ananassa
Garcinia mangostana
Gaylussacia baccata
Gentiana luteaPlant
Gentiana spp.Plant
Gentiana stramineaPlant
Ginkgo bilobaFooDB
Glycine maxFooDB
GossypiumFooDB
Gossypium hirsutum
Grifola frondosa
Hedera pastuchowii
Hedysarum alpinum
Helianthus annuus
Helianthus annuus L.FooDB
Helianthus tuberosus
Hibiscus sabbariffa
Hippophae rhamnoides
Hordeum vulgareFooDB
Hyssopus officinalis L.
Ilex paraguariensis
Illicium verum
Ipomoea aquatica
Ipomoea batatas
Juglans
Juglans ailanthifolia
Juglans cinerea
Juglans nigra L.
Juglans regia
Lablab purpureus
Lactuca sativa
Lagenaria siceraria
Lathyrus sativus
Laurus nobilis L.
Lens culinaris
Lentinus edodes
Lepidium sativum
Levisticum officinale
Linum usitatissimumFooDB
Litchi chinensis
Lonicera caerulea
Lotus corniculatus
Lotus glaber
Luffa aegyptiaca
Lupinus
Lupinus albus
Lupinus mutabilis
Macadamia
Macadamia tetraphylla
Malpighia emarginata
Malus
Malus pumila
Mammea americana
Mangifera indica
Manihot esculenta
Manilkara zapota
Maranta arundinacea
Matricaria recutita
Matteuccia struthiopteris
Medicago sativa
Melissa officinalis L.
Mentha
Mentha aquatica
Mentha arvensisFooDB
Mentha spicata
Mentha x piperita
Mespilus germanica
Metroxylon sagu
Momordica charantia
Morchellaceae
Morella rubra
Moringa oleifera
Morus
Morus nigra
Mus musculus
Musa acuminata
Musa x paradisiaca
Myrica
Myristica fragrans
Nelumbo
Nelumbo nuciferaFooDB
Nephelium lappaceum
Nicotiana tabacum
Nuphar lutea
Ocimum basilicum
Oenothera biennis
Olea europaea
Opuntia
Opuntia cochenillifera
Opuntia macrorhiza
Origanum majorana
Origanum onites
Origanum vulgare
Origanum X majoricum
Oryza rufipogon
Oryza sativa
Pachyrhizus erosus
Panax ginsengPlant
Pangium edule
Panicum miliaceum
Passiflora edulis
Pastinaca sativa
Pediomelum esculentum
Perideridia oregana
Persea americana
Petasites japonicus
Petroselinum crispum
Phaseolus coccineus
Phaseolus lunatus
Phaseolus vulgaris
Phoenix dactyliferaFooDB
Photinia melanocarpa
Phyllostachys edulis
Physalis
Physalis philadelphica var. immaculata
Phytolacca americana
Pimenta dioica
Pimpinella anisum
Pinus
Pinus edulis
Piper nigrum L.
Pistacia vera
Pisum sativumFooDB
Plantago asiaticaPlant
Pleiogynium timoriense
Pleurotus ostreatus
Polygonum alpinum
Populus maximowiczii
Populus tremula
Portulaca oleracea
Pouteria sapota
Prunus armeniaca
Prunus aviumPlant
Prunus avium L.
Prunus cerasus
Prunus domestica
Prunus dulcisFooDB
Prunus persica
Prunus persica var. nucipersica
Prunus persica var. persica
Prunus tomentosa
Prunus virginiana
Pseudostellaria heterophylla
Psidium cattleianum
Psidium guajava
Psophocarpus tetragonolobus
Punica granatum
Pyrus communis
Pyrus pyrifolia
Quercus
Raphanus sativus
Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus
Raphanus sativus var. sativus
Rehmannia glutinosaPlant
Rheum rhabarbarum
Ribes aureum
Ribes glandulosum
Ribes nigrum
Ribes rubrum
Ribes uva-crispa
Rosa
Rubus arcticus
Rubus chamaemorus
Rubus idaeus
Rubus occidentalis
Rubus spectabilis
Rumex
Rumex acetosa
Rumex articus
Sagittaria latifolia
Salacia oblonga
Salix pulchra
Salvia elegans
Salvia hispanica
Salvia officinalis
Salvia rosmarinus
Sambucus nigra
Sambucus nigra L.
Satureja hortensis L.
Satureja montana
Scorzonera hispanica
Scrophularia nodosa
Secale cerealeFooDB
Sechium edule
Sesamum indicumFooDB
Sesbania bispinosa
Sinapis alba
Sisymbrium
Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme
Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum
Solanum melongena
Solanum quitoense
Solanum tuberosumFooDB
Sorbus aucuparia
Sorghum bicolor
Sphenostylis stenocarpa
Spinacia oleracea
Syzygium aromaticum
Syzygium cuminiPlant
Syzygium jambos
Tamarindus indica
Tamarix aphylla
Taraxacum officinale
Taxus baccataPlant
Tetragonia tetragonioides
Teucrium polium
Thelesperma
Theobroma cacaoFooDB
Thymus pulegioides
Thymus vulgaris
Tilia cordata
Tilia L.
Tragopogon porrifolius
Trigonella foenum-graecumFooDB
Triticum
Triticum aestivumFooDB
Triticum durum
Triticum spelta
Triticum turanicum
Typha angustifolia
Vaccinium
Vaccinium angustifolium
Vaccinium angustifolium X Vaccinium corymbosum
Vaccinium arboreum
Vaccinium corymbosum
Vaccinium deliciosum
Vaccinium elliottii
Vaccinium macrocarpon
Vaccinium myrtilloides
Vaccinium myrtillus
Vaccinium ovalifolium
Vaccinium ovatum
Vaccinium oxycoccos
Vaccinium parvifolium
Vaccinium reticulatum
Vaccinium stamineum
Vaccinium uliginosum
Vaccinium vitis-idaea
Valerianella locusta
Vanilla
Verbena officinalis
Viburnum edule
Vicia fabaFooDB
Vigna aconitifolia
Vigna angularis
Vigna mungoFooDB
Vigna radiataFooDB
Vigna umbellata
Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica
Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculataFooDB
Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis
Vitis
Vitis aestivalis
Vitis labrusca
Vitis rotundifolia
Vitis vinifera L.FooDB
Xanthosoma sagittifolium
Zea mays L.FooDB
Zingiber officinaleFooDB
Zizania
Zizania aquatica
Ziziphus zizyphus
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as oligosaccharides. These are carbohydrates made up of 3 to 10 monosaccharide units linked to each other through glycosidic bonds.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct ParentOligosaccharides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Oligosaccharide
  • C-glycosyl compound
  • Glycosyl compound
  • O-glycosyl compound
  • Ketal
  • Oxane
  • Tetrahydrofuran
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Acetal
  • Oxacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Polyol
  • Alcohol
  • Primary alcohol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point80 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility203 mg/mLNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility669 g/LALOGPS
logP-3.4ALOGPS
logP-6.3ChemAxon
logS0.12ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)11.7ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.6ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count16ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count11ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area268.68 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count8ChemAxon
Refractivity101.19 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability46.17 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityNoChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
HMDB IDHMDB0003213
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDC00001145
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDC00492
BioCyc IDCPD-1099
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkRaffinose
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound439242
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID16634
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
General References
  1. Rodrigues Silva C, Dutra de Oliveira JE, de Souza RA, Silva HC: Effect of a rice bran fiber diet on serum glucose levels of diabetic patients in Brazil. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2005 Mar;55(1):23-7. [PubMed:16187674 ]
  2. Lobley RW, Burrows PC, Warwick R, Dawson DJ, Holmes R: Simultaneous assessment of intestinal permeability and lactose tolerance with orally administered raffinose, lactose and L-arabinose. Clin Sci (Lond). 1990 Aug;79(2):175-83. [PubMed:2167807 ]
  3. Gross KC, Houghton MP, Senterfit LB: Presumptive speciation of Streptococcus bovis and other group D streptococci from human sources by using arginine and pyruvate tests. J Clin Microbiol. 1975 Jan;1(1):54-60. [PubMed:1176592 ]
  4. Toussaint M, Latger-Cannard V, Caron A, Lecompte T, Vigneron C, Menu P: Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers do not alter platelet functions: study of three chemically modified hemoglobin solutions. Intensive Care Med. 2003 Jan;29(1):62-8. Epub 2002 Nov 30. [PubMed:12528024 ]
  5. Xue S, Paterson W, Valdez D, Miller D, Christoff B, Wong LT, Diamant NE: Effect of an o-raffinose cross-linked haemoglobin product on oesophageal and lower oesophageal sphincter motor function. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 1999 Dec;11(6):421-30. [PubMed:10583849 ]
  6. Persson AE, Schnermann J, Agerup B, Eriksson NE: The hydraulic conductivity of the rat proximal tubular wall determined with colloidal solutions. Pflugers Arch. 1975 Oct 16;360(1):25-44. [PubMed:1237863 ]
  7. Hessels J, Snoeyink EJ, Platenkamp AJ, Voortman G, Steggink J, Eidhof HH: Assessment of intestinal permeability: enzymatic determination of urinary mannitol, raffinose, sucrose and lactose on Hitachi analyzer. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2003 Jan;41(1):33-8. [PubMed:12636047 ]
  8. Horodniceanu T, Delbos F: [Group D streptococci in human infections: identification and sensitivity to antibiotics (author's transl)]. Ann Microbiol (Paris). 1980 Sep-Oct;131B(2):131-44. [PubMed:7458116 ]
  9. Lieberthal W, Fuhro R, Alam H, Rhee P, Szebeni J, Hechtman HB, Favuzza J, Veech RL, Valeri CR: Comparison of the effects of a 50% exchange-transfusion with albumin, hetastarch, and modified hemoglobin solutions. Shock. 2002 Jan;17(1):61-9. [PubMed:11795671 ]
  10. Gundermann KJ, Lie TS: Problems of competition in charcoal hemoperfusion for the treatment of intoxications. Artif Organs. 1979 Nov;3(4):346-9. [PubMed:533425 ]